英语四级考试考点词汇及真题解析(转)

英语四级考试考点词汇及真题解析Aabsorb vt.吸收;使专心【搭配】be absorbed in专心于【考题】She was so in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.A)attracted B)absorbed C)drawn D)concentrated(1996.1/25/B)【译文】她工作如此专心以致于没听见有人敲门。abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用【考题】It has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.A)employ B)take C)abuse D)overlook(1996.6/34/C)【译文】据透露，一些政府官员滥用职权为自己谋取非法利益。accomplish v.达到;完成【考题】The project， by the end of 2000，willexpand the citys telephone network to cover 1，000，000 users.A)accomplished B)being accomplishedC)to be accomplished D)having been accomplished(1999.6/68/C)【译文】预计在2000年前完成的这项工程将扩大该市的电话网至 1，000，000用户。account n.账;账户v.说明原因【搭配】on account of 为了的缘故，因为o account 考虑到【考题】Id his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A)take into account B)account forC)make up for D)make out(2000.1/63/A)【译文】我得向社区的其他的农户和商人们了解他的信誉，然后再决定是否同意他的贷款请求。 approval n.【搭配】for sb.s approval 求某人指正 give ones approval to 批准【考题】If only the committee the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A)approve B)will approve C)can approve D)would approve(1997.1/47/D)【译文】要是委员会能尽快批准这些规章制度并付诸实施就好了。approximately ad.近似地，大约【考题】They claim that 1，000 factories closed down during the economic crisis.A)sufficiently B)approximately C)considerably D)properly(1993.1/45/B)【译文】他们宣称大约有1000家工厂在经济危机中倒闭了。arise vi.出现;由引起【考题】Some confusion has about who can join the association.A)retained B)lifted C)raised D)arisen(1992.1/43/D)【译文】关于谁加入协会意见不一。artificial a.人工的;矫揉造作的【考题】There were some flowers on the table.A)artificial B)unnatural C)false D)unreal(1991.6/44/A)【译文】桌子上有一些假花。ashamed a.惭愧(的);羞耻(的)【搭配】be ashamed of 以为是耻辱be ashamed to do sth.以干为耻【考题】He was of having asked such a silly question.A)sorry B)guilty C)ashamed D)miserable(1991.6/65/C)【译文】他对自己问了这样一个愚蠢的问题感到很不好意思。 associate vi.交往n.伙伴，同事【搭配】associate oneself with 加入associate sth.with 把(某事物与其他事物)联系在一起associate with 和来往【考题】A healthy life is frequently thought to be with the open countryside and homegrown food.A)tied B)bound C)involved D)associated(1996.6/23/D)【译文】人们总是把健康的生活与开阔的乡村和自家种的食物联系在一起。available a.可利用的;通用的【考题】Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are in grocery stores.A)ready B)approachable C)probable D)available(1997.1/43/D)【译文】经过加工随时可供烹调的方便食品在食杂店可以买到。awkward a.笨拙的;尴尬的【考题】The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.A)amazed B)awkward C)curious D)amused(1998.6/42/B)【译文】当这个害羞的女孩回答不上来老师的提问时，她感到很窘迫和难受。Bban v.禁止In most countries the sale of liquor to children is banned.大多数国家都禁止卖酒给小孩子们。n.禁止，禁令 announce a 30-day ban on hunting宣布30天的禁猎令【辨析】ban，forbid 和 prohibit三个词都表示“禁止”，其中ban语气最重，指权威机关正式禁止。 forbid是普通用词，指个人行为。prohibit是正式用词，指用法律或法令来禁止。bare a.无遮盖的;空的;仅仅的a bare hillside 光秃秃的(无树木的)山坡a room bare of furniture 几乎没有家具的房间the bare necessities of life 最起码的生活必需品v.揭露，暴露，揭开，去除的覆盖物bare ones head 脱去帽子bare ones heart 表露真情【全真考题】Although they plant trees in this area every year，the tops of some hills are still .(99.6)A)bare B)vacant C)blank D)hollow答案Abarely ad.仅仅，只不过，几乎不We barely had time to catch the train.我们仅有勉强赶上火车的时间。【用法】1.barely 用在句首时引起句子倒装。 2.barely 含有否定意义，因此用在反意疑问句中时，句尾的疑问短句要用肯定形式。3.barely.when 结构表示“刚就”，barely 所在的部分要倒装。 4.barely 不与 ever，any 和 at all 连用。【辨析】barely，hardly，rarely 和 scarcely四个词意义相近，都表否定概念，但也有一些差别。rarely 意为“难得，不常”(not often)。Rarely have I seen him smile.hardly 往往强调能力上有困难，意为“简直不，很难”。He can hardly jump over the fence.scarcely 往往强调不足，常同 enough，sufficient，any 等表示程度的词连用，意为“不太，几乎，简直没有”。He has scarcely any money left.barely 与 hardly 和 scarcely 意思相近，意为“几乎，勉强，仅能做到”。但如果后面跟有 ever，any，at all 等词，只能用 hardly 或 scarcely，不能用 barely。 benefit n.益处;优越性;保险金，救济金Ive had the benefit of a good education.我得益于良好的教育。/the benefits of science科学的优良条件/ unemployment benefits失业保险vi.得益He hasnt benefited from the experience.他并没有从他的经验中受益。vt.使受益This policy benefits the whole city.这个政策使整个城市受益。【用法】benefit 作不及物动词时，其后常接介词 from。bore vt.使感到厌烦All his old stories bore me.他所有的老生常谈使我厌烦。n.令人厌烦的事物Dont be such a bore.别这么讨厌。【用法】bore的两种分词形式boring 和 bored：boring 表示主动，指某事物令人厌烦;bored表示被动，指被某事物弄得厌烦。He was bored with his job./Its a boring film.类似的词还有interesting与interested;exciting与 excited等。Cconcentrate v.全神贯注，精神集中，专心致志;集中，集合;浓缩We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.我们应该集中精力努力改进教育工作。Troops are concentrating south of the river.军队正向河的南边集结。n.浓缩液【用法】concentrate(sth.)on sth./doing sth.【全真考题】Anne couldnt concentrate what she was doing while her family were watching TV.(93.1)A.to B.on C.for D.in【答案】Bcontinual adj.继续不断的;一再重复的continual rain 不停的雨【辨析】continual与continuouscontinual一般指多次重复的动作：Please stop your continual questions.continuous表示动作或物体继续不停地或不间断地进行下去：a continuous flow of traffic 【全真考题】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.(99.1)A.unceasingly B.graduallyC.continuously D.continually【答案】Dcontrary adj.(在性质、倾向或方向等方面)相反的;好与人作对的contrary beliefs 截然相反的信仰He is an awkward，contrary child.他是个又麻烦又不听话的孩子。n.反面【用法】contrary to 违反：be contrary to the law;on the contrary 与此相反：It doesnt seem ugly to me;on the contrary，I think its rather beautiful.【全真考题】What you have done is the doctors orders.(90.1)A.attached to B.responsible toC.resistant to D.contrary to【答案】Dcontributev.捐款，捐助;有助于;投稿We contributed clothing to the relief of the poor.我们捐赠衣物救济贫民。Hard work contributed to his success.努力工作使他成功。He contributed poems to the magazine.他投诗稿给杂志。【用法】contribute与介词to搭配：contribute(sth.) to【全真考题】Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes the increase of cancers.(94.1)A.towards B.for C.with D.to【答案】Dcritical adj.吹毛求疵的，批评的;决定性的，重要的He is so critical that nobody can please him.他太吹毛求疵，所以没有人能取悦他。We arrived at the critical moment.我们在关键时刻到达。【用法】critical作吹毛求疵的、批评的讲时与介词 of搭配。 【全真考题】The director was critical the way we were doing the work.(2000.1)A.at B.in C.of D.with【答案】C大学英语教学大纲中，关于四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌握4200单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为 2500)以及由这些词构成的常用词组1600条(中学所掌握的单词和词组均包括在内)，并具有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。”大纲中所指的领会式强调对词义的认知，而复用式则强调对这类词的词义辨析、用法以及搭配关系的掌握。因此，以大纲为指导，四级考试中词汇的内容，除了考察对单词的认知外，还测试词义的细微区别、词汇用法和搭配关系。目前考察领会式词汇为73.9%占大部分，复用式占26.1%。在此篇和上期所列重点词汇的四级考题中，bare，concentrate，contribute，continual，critical都以复用式词汇方式来考察。其中，bare和continual考察词义的辨析;concentrate， contribute和critical考察了词的搭配关系。当然，四级试题中词汇的领会与复用也不都是界限分明的，有时在一道题中会既考察认知又考察用法等。D同学们，如果你正在复习大学英语四级词汇的字母D部分，请跟我来。先做题，再认真阅读题后的讲解。看看收获如何。1.The issue is how to of radioactive waste.A.deal B.dispose C.disposal D.do答案与译文B.问题是怎样处理放射性废料。辨析及搭配A.deal(with)处理;应付;做生意。例句：I have dealt with this company for more than a decade.我已经与这家公司做了十多年的生意。B. dispose(of)处理;处置;除掉;去掉。例句：Man proposes，God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天。Dispose of these old newspapers!把这些旧报纸处理掉。C.disposaln.处理;处置。D.do处理;整顿;解决(问题)。2.The trend of brain drain does the developing countries degrees of harm.A.diver B.diversify C.diverse D.diversity答案与译文C.人才外流的趋势不同程度伤害着发展中国家。辨析及搭配A.diver n.潜水员。B.diversify v.使多样化。C.diverse adj.不同的。D.diversity n.多样性。此处只能用形容词diverse修饰名词。3.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly him.A.disturbed B.distinguished C.distresses D.disputes答案与译文A.是否能取得文凭极大地扰乱了他的心绪。辨析及搭配A.disturb 扰乱;打扰。B.distinguish(between;from)区分;辨别。C.distress使悲痛;使忧伤。D.dispute 争论;辩论;争执。4.All had to stay in the open space，esp.at night， for the of the warning of an earthquake.A.donation B.domination C.destination D.duration 答案与译文D.在整个地震警报期间，大家只好(特别是在夜间)待在空旷的地方。辨析及搭配A.donation 捐赠品;捐款。B. domination统治;控制;支配。C.destination 目的地。D.duration期间;持续时间。5.The free market is with purchasers and merchants.A.deliberate B.dense C.dependent D.desirable答案与译文B.自由市场上云集买卖双方而一片繁忙。辨析及搭配A.deliberate蓄意的;审慎的。B. dense(with)密集的;浓厚的;繁忙的。C.dependent依靠的;依赖的;以而定。D.desirable值得要的;合心意的;悦人心意的。6.Mr.Smith is used to reading his favorite academic over coffee.A.digital B.digest C.digestion D.indigestion答案与译文B.史密斯先生习惯于边喝咖啡边读他最喜欢的学术文摘。辨析及搭配首先排除A.digital adj.数字的;数码的。后面三个是同根词：B.digest v.消化，领悟。n.文摘，摘要。C.digestion n.消化，领悟。D.indigestionn.消化不良。7.Failure is the mother of success，so that hers hasnt her，but encouraged her to redouble her exertions instead.A.discharged B.discountedC.discarded D.discouraged答案与译文D.失败乃成功之母。所以她的失败没使她灰心丧气，反而使她加倍努力。辨析及搭配A.discharge v.允许离开;排(放)出。B.discount vt.打断;漠视;认为不值得考虑。C.discard vt.&vi.抛弃;放弃。D.discouragev.使泄气;沮丧;阻拦。8.The chemistry teacher dipped his finger into the mixture and took it out of it.A.indirectly B.directly C.dimly D.diplomatically答案与译文B.化学老师把一个指头伸进混合液里，立刻又拿了出来。辨析及搭配A.indirectly 间接地;拐弯抹角地。 B.directly 立即;很快;直接地。C.dimly 微暗地;朦胧地。D.diplomatically 外交上;外交地。9.Any in a watch is very delicate.A.device B.devise C.deviancy D.deviation答案与译文A.钟表中的任何装置都非常精巧。 辨析及搭配首先排除动词B.devise v.设计;发明。A.device n.装置;设备;方法;计划。C.de- viancy n.反常;背离。D.deviation n.背离;越轨;偏差。10.His disasters were to what he had done wrong.A.despite B.in spite of C.down D.due答案与译文D.他遭灾难的原因是曾经干过坏事。辨析及搭配根据句中的to，可否定A和B。 A.despite不管;尽管;不论。直接带短语，例句：Despite the pouring rain，he went to his post as usual.尽管大雨倾盆，他照常去上班。B.in spite of与A同义。In spite of the pouring rain，he went to his post as usual.C. down往下;沿着。D.due to因为;由于而起。例句： Due to his illness he was lying in bed.因为生病，他躺在床上。11.No one can any citizens legal right.A.be done with B.draw on C.derive from D.deprive of答案与译文D.谁也不能剥夺公民的合法权利。辨析及搭配A.be done with了结了;完成了。 B.draw on戴(穿)上;吸收;引诱。例句：The jailer drew the prisoner on to tell his story.看守诱导囚犯把事情说出来。C.derive from得来(自);由获得。例句： Anyone can derive a lot of pleasure from making friends.任何人都能从结交朋友中获得许多乐趣。D.deprive of剥夺;夺去。12.The gifted engineer a model of the atomic generator.A.dragged B.drafted C.drifted D.dratted答案与译文B.那位天才工程师画了一幅原子发电机草图。辨析及搭配A.drag拖;拉。B.draft起草;草拟。draft a plan of study草拟一份研究计划C.drift漂流;飘荡。D.drat(=damn)例句：Drat it!I forgot my key!见鬼(该死)!我忘了钥匙!13.Mr.Black was in the ，standing there dumbfounded，not knowing what to do.A.dark B.dusk C.dawn D.dam答案与译文A.布莱克先生不知就里，站在那里目瞪口呆，不知怎么办好。辨析及搭配A.dark黑暗，in the dark在黑暗中;不知情;蒙在鼓里。例句：Parents often keep their children in the dark about their presents on New Years Eve.新年前夕，父母亲常常不让孩子们知道他们的礼物。B.dusk薄暮;黄昏：It is hard to see clearly at dusk.黄昏时