（精选幻灯片）中考英语名词总复习课件

,Noun(名词)AisforAppleBisforBallCCandleDisforDoorEisforEggFisforFallGisforGrassHisforHallIisforIceJisforJamKisforKiteLisforLambMmmmmmMMoonlightNNightOOrangePisforPieQisforQueenRisforRainSisforSmileTisforTrainMmmmmmUUmbrellaVisforVillageWisforWindXX-rayYYellowZisforZeroMmmmmmmQuestion:Whatisthekindoftheseredwords?,1,知识结构,一名词的意义二名词的分类三名词的数四名词所有格五重难点突破六直击中考,2,普通名词,专有名词（人名、地名）,可数名词,不可数名词,名词,3,一：可数名词可数名词单数的表达一般可用a，an，one来修饰注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前*abook*anEnglishbook*anhouranhonestboy*ausefulbook,4,flower,flowers,找规律,总结规则,watch,es,factory-factories,leaf-leaves,box,es,NOUN.,5,名词的复数形式1.规则变化(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/*dogdogs*bookbooks(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/*boxboxes*watchwatches*dishdishes*busbuses,6,(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”/iz/*countrycountries*factoryfactories*familyfamilies*ladyladies请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boyboysholiday-holidays*monkeymonkeystoytoys,7,(4)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”/vz/*halfhalves*shelfshelves*knifeknives*leafleaves巧记歌诀：半片（half）树叶（leaf）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去杀狼（wolf）架后小偷（thief）逃命（life）亡.,8,找规律,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes,英雄吃马铃薯和西红柿,pianos,9,(5)以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外*pianopianos*zoozoospotatopotatoestomatotomatoes,10,child-children,woman-women,sheep,man-men,NOUN.,11,2.不规则变化:(1)变元音字母oo为eetoothteethfootfeet(2).变man为menmanmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemenfrenchmanFrenchmen请区别:German(德国人)Germans(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)3没有规律childchildrenmousemice,12,(4).特殊形式的名词复数1)单复数同行的名词：sheepdeerfishJapaneseChinese2)常以复数形式出现的名词:peopleclothesshoessockstearstrousersfallsglassesthanks这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数*Myclothesarenewerthanyours.,13,注意：如果强调整体谓语动词用单数，如果强调个体含义谓语动词用复数,避免主谓不一致。*Herfamilyisalargeoneandherfamilyareallteachers.她家是一个大家庭,她的家人都是老师。,3)常见的集体名词：familyclassteamgrouppolice,14,3.名词的用法1)可数名词可以被a,an,one,two以及howmany，many，afew，few，any，lotsof,alotof，some等修饰*Thereareafewpeopleinthepark.*Howmanyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?,15,1.Several_aretalkingunderthetreeAndtheyaretalkingabout_.Awoman;childrenBwoman;childCwomen;children2.Therearethreeinmyfamily.A.peopleB.personC.child3.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies,C,A,A,16,4.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;knifesB.sheeps;knifeC.sheep;knivesD.sheep;knife5.Therearefour_andtwo_inthegroup.A.Japanese，GermenB.Japaneses，GermenC.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans,D,C,17,2)不可数名词的用法物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。workchalktimespacemusicmoneyweatherhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine,18,1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，多个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数*Somebreadoverthere.*Nonewsgoodnews.*Breadandmilkusedforbreakfast,is,is,are,19,2.不可数名词不能直接被a,an,one,two等修饰，常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,lotsof,some,any等修饰*Theyhadmuchmoney.*Hedoeslittlehouseworkathome.*arice(X)*twobread(X)*abagofrice*twopiecesofbread,20,3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变*abagofapples*apieceofpaper*threeglassesoforange,21,注意：有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同glass(玻璃)aglass(玻璃杯)work(工作)awork(著作)time(时间)times(次数),22,1.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apiecesC.apieceD.apieceof2.Thistableismadeof_.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass3.WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?Idliketwo_.A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks4.Wecandotheworkbetterwith_moneyand_people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few,D,D,C,A,23,四.名词所有格：表示名词间的所有关系“的”一.有生命的名词所有格的构成方法1.一般情况下，在名词后加“s”KangkangsfatherLucysbook2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“”即可TeachersofficeTheGreenshouse,24,3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”*ChildrensDay*mensshoes4.表示时间，距离，路程，国家等无生命的事物名词的所有关系今天的报纸todaysnewspaper十分钟的路tenminuteswalk世界的人口theworldspopulation,25,注意：当名词的定语较长时，在有生命的名词后也可以用of,二1）无生命的事物名词所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语。*thecolorofthewall*amapofChina*apictureoftheclassroom,26,1.June1stis_Day.AlltheChildrenenjoyitverymuch.A.ChildrenB.ChildrensC.ChildrensD.Child2.Thetwobedroomarethe_.A.twinsB.twinsC.twinsD.twins,C,C,27,重难点突破,小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因Ourhospitalneedstwo_doctors,Mrs.Li.Youcanaskyoursontohaveatry.A.womenB.manC.womanD.men,D,28,名词的用法1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数*Therearethreebananatreesoverthere.2.manwoman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致*Weneedamanteacher.*Theyareallwomenworkers.3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式*asportsstar*aclothesshop,29,2.Thispairofshorts_tooexpensive.Icantafford_.are,themB.are,itC.is,themD.is,it当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。Thispairofshoesisnice.比较：Theshoesarenice.Herearetwopiecesofnews.比较：Thenewsiswonderful.,重难点突破,C,30,3.Themodelplanewasmadebya_boy.A.ten-years-oldB.ten-year-olderC.ten-year-oldD.ten-yearold当数词与单位名词一起构成合成形容词做定语时，单位名词往往用单数形式,数词与单位名词用“-”连接。*Heisafourteen-year-oldboy.*Thisisatwo-hourplan.,重难点突破,C,31,名词所有格的几个注意点1）可用名词所有格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略*myaunts(home）(我姑姑家）*gototheteachers(office）(去老师办公室）5.WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothe_.A.teacherB.teachersC.teachersD.teachers,D,32,6.Lucyis_sister.A.MaryandJackB.MarysandJacksC.MaryandJacksD.MaryandJacks,重难点突破,D,33,2）表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加“s”*LucyandLilysroom露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房间）请区别:LucysandLilysrooms露西的房间和莉莉的房间（两人各有一间房间）,34,7.Lookatthatoldman.Heis_.afriendofmyB.afriendofmineC.AmesfriendD.amyfriend3）物主代词与a,an,this,that,these,those,some,any等词共同修饰名词时，需用双重所有格，其构成为名词+of+名词所有格（或名词性物主代词）,B,35,8.Its_fromourschooltomyhome.A.tenminuteswalkB.tenminuteswalkC.tenminutewalkD.tenminuteswalk4）名词所有格（s）也可以用于无生命东西，主要用于时间，度量衡等名词之后twomonthsvacationamilesdistance此表达可以和合成形容词互换twomonthsvacation=two-monthvacationamilesdistance=a-miledistance,重难点突破,A,36,1.Couldyoupleasegetmesome_?Imhungry.（2011年重庆中考第24题）A.appleB.waterC.breadD.egg2.Somethingiswrongwithmy_.Icantseeanythingaroundme.（2010年重庆中考第22题）A.noseB.earsC.eyesD.mouth3.Mr.Whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmany_init.（2009年重庆中考第23题）A.flowersB.grassC.villagesD.water,直击中考,C,C,A,37,4.-Howfarisyourcousinshomefromhere?-Itsabouttwo_drive.（2009年重庆中考第34题）A.hoursB.hoursC.hoursD.hour5.YaoMingdidagoodjob