测试驱动开发TDD培训讲义

.1,测试驱动的设计和开发(TestDrivenDesignandDevelopment)基础篇,CharlesHuangimportjunit.framework.TestSuite;importjunit.framework.Test;publicclassAccountDAOmySqlTestextendsTestCasepublicAccountDAOmySqlTest(Stringname)super(name);,.27,Junit(Asample),2.OverridesetUp()andtearDown()如果需要，可以在setUp()中初始化需要的全局变量，资源等（比如DatabaseConnection,FileI/O或MockObjects等）相应的，可以在tearDown()中释放资源（DatabaseConnection,FileI/O和MockObjects等）publicclassAccountDAOmySqlTestextendsTestCaseprivateMysqlFixturemysqlFixtureIns=newMysqlFixture();publicvoidsetUp()throwsExceptionmysqlFixtureIns.setUp();publicvoidtearDown()throwsExceptionmysqlFixtureIns.tearDown();,.28,Junit(Asample),3.为被测试的Method写TestCasepublicvoidtestAddAccountNormal()AccountDAOmySqldao=newAccountDAOmySql();Accountaccount=newAccount(USER_NAME,charles,charles_hhb);trydao.addAccount(account);Accountaccount_new=dao.findByUserName(account.getUserName();assertEquals(Expectingcharles,account.getUserName(),account_new.getUserName();assertEquals(Expectingcharles,account.getPassword(),account_new.getPassword();assertEquals(Expectingcharles,account.getEmail(),account_new.getEmail();dao.removeAccount(account.getUserName();catch(finalExceptione)e.printStackTrace();fail(Unexpectedexception:+e.toString();,.29,Junit(Asample),publicvoidtestAddAccountAlreadyExist()AccountDAOmySqldao=null;Accountaccount=null;try/AddanAccountdao.addAccount(account);fail(AccountAlreadyExistExceptionexpected);catch(finalSQLExceptione)e.printStackTrace();fail(Unexpectedexception:+e.toString();catch(finalAccountNotFoundExceptionnotFound)notFound.printStackTrace();fail(Unexpectedexception:+notFound.toString();catch(finalAccountAlreadyExistExceptionex)/Passtrydao.removeAccount(account.getUserName();catch(finalSQLExceptionsql)sql.printStackTrace();fail(Unexpectedexception);,.30,Junit(ASample),运行这个UnitTest。Junit提供两种运行界面：Swing(junit.swingui.TestRunner)C:sandboxforumjava-classpath./classes;./lib/junit.jar;./lib/mysql_jdbc.jar;./lib/Tidy.jar;./lib/struts.jarjunit.swingui.TestRunnerorg.redsoft.forum.dao.mysql.AccountDAOmySqlTest,.31,Junit(ASample),Text界面(junit.textui.TestRunner),.32,JunitTestSuite,TestSuite用来运行所有的UnitTestsTestSuite的数型结构：org.redsoft.forum.AllTest|-org.redsoft.forum.dao.AllTest|-org.redsoft.forum.dao.mysql.AllTest|-org.redsoft.forum.util.AllTest每个PackageLevel都由一个AllTestTestSuite在每个TestSuite中，加入在本packagelevel中的所有单元测试例子(UnitTestCases)加入子Packagelevel中的所有AllTestSuite,.33,JunitTestSuite,packageorg.redsoft.forum.dao;publicclassAllTestspublicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs)junit.textui.TestRunner.run(suite();publicstaticTestsuite()TestSuitesuite=newTestSuite();/加入子package中的AllTestsuitesuite.addTest(org.redsoft.forum.dao.mysql.AllTests.suite();/加入本packagelevel中的UnitTestcasesuite.addTestSuite(MysqlDataSourceTest.class);returnsuite;/EOC,.34,JFCUnit,一个Junit的Extension,用来测试Swing-based的Application。一个最简单的Sample:测试一个LoginScreen,.35,JFCUnit,代码片断：设置测试环境privateLoginScreenloginScreen=null;privateTestHelperhelper=null;publicLoginScreenTest(Stringname)super(name);protectedvoidsetUp()throwsExceptionsuper.setUp();helper=newJFCTestHelper();loginScreen=newLoginScreen(LoginScreenTest:+getName();loginScreen.setVisible(true);protectedvoidtearDown()throwsExceptionloginScreen=null;helper.cleanUp(this);super.tearDown();,代码片断：测试图形界面JDialogdialog;JButtonexitButton=(JButton)helper.findNamedComponent(ExitButton,loginScreen,0);assertNotNull(CouldnotfindtheExitbutton,exitButton);JButtonenterButton=(JButton)helper.findNamedComponent(EnterButton,loginScreen,0);assertNotNull(CouldnotfindtheEnterbutton,enterButton);JTextFielduserNameField=(JTextField)helper.findNamedComponent(LoginNameTextField,loginScreen,0);assertNotNull(CouldnotfindtheuserNameField,userNameField);assertEquals(Usernamefieldisempty,userNameField.getText();JTextFieldpasswordField=(JTextField)helper.findNamedComponent(PasswordTextField,loginScreen,0);assertNotNull(CouldnotfindthepasswordField,passwordField);assertEquals(Passwordfieldisempty,passwordField.getText();,.36,利用Ant来做NightlyTest,使用Ant中的两个Tasks来完成自动运行NightlyTest产生一个XML个是的结果报告再利用JunitReport来产生一个可供浏览的结果文件。,.37,测试例子覆盖率,利用NOUnit来获得测试例子的覆盖率（,.38,UnitTests：100%always,任何时候如果UnitTests的出现错误（Junit的进度指示显示红色），XPTeam的首要工作就是修补UnitTests直至Junit的进度指示为绿色。如果不修复出错的测试例子，就会出现滚雪球效应，在未知质量代码基础上的开发只会导致更多的未知质量的代码。软件质量的基石就开