English-PoetryPPT课件

.,1,AnAidtoEnglishPoetryReading,III,.,2,TheGoalsofThisCourse,GlimpsesofEnglishpoetry;Basicpoeticfeatures;Applicationsofpoetictheoriestopoetryreading.,.,3,OutlineofThisCourse,SpeakerandSpeakersvoice;Rhythm,Rhyme,sensoryimages,andfigurativelanguage(alliteration,metaphor,repetition);ThemeandAuthorspurpose.,.,4,TheRequirementsforthisCourse,Classattendance;Classroomparticipation;Fulfillmentoftheassignment;Finalevaluation.,.,5,Assignment,Writeanessayofabout800words(inEnglish)onanyoneormorepoemsthatwillhavebeendiscussedinthefollowingthreelecturetimes.Youressayshouldincludethefollowing:,.,6,Assignment,1.Introductiontothepoet(s);2.Analysisofpoeticfeatures(rhythm,rhyme,sensoryimages,orauthorspurpose);3.Youropinionsaboutthepoems,andyourfindings(ifany).,.,7,Assignment,Referencesandsourcesforyourwritingareaccessibleinthislectureppts,theinternet,library,textbooks，whereveravailable.Youarekindlyremindedthatyourassignmentmustbetheworkbyyourself;sourcesofcitationsandreferences(ifany)mustbespecified.AssignmentsareduebeforeWeek15.,.,8,ReferenceBooks,1.Aliteratureoftheirown,EShowalter.2.Literarycriticism,CBressler.3.Literarytheory,TEagelton.4.Anintroductiontoliterature,杨金才，上海外语教育出版社.5.Sisterschoice,EShowalter.6.UnderstandingPoetry,CBrooksTheshowersbeatOnbrokenblindsandchimney-pots,AndatthecornerofthestreetAlonelycab-horsesteamsandstamps.Andthenthelightingofthelamps.,.,19,LiteraryLinguisticStylisticsAnalysis:PreludeI,FrameworkofAnalysis:Text;RhymeScheme;Rank-scaleGrammaticalAnalysis;Sentences,.,20,.,21,Notes,Lines:1-4ThewintereveningsettlesdownWithsmellofsteaksinpassageways.Sixoclock.Theburnt-outendsofsmokydays.,CitiesareoneofEliotsfavoritesettings.TherepetitionoftheSsound:ThewintereveningsettlesdownWithsmellofsteaksinpassageways.Sixoclock.,.,22,Notes,Lines5-8AndnowagustyshowerwrapsThegrimyscrapsOfwitheredleavesaboutyourfeetAndnewspapersfromvacantlots;,Enjambment:keepingtheformofthepoemconsistentwhilereadingwithouttakingapause.,.,23,Notes,Lines5-8AndnowagustyshowerwrapsThegrimyscrapsOfwitheredleavesaboutyourfeetAndnewspapersfromvacantlots;,newspapers:Theyareusedasasymbolofdecay,bothofthesoulsandofthecityitself.Theinkstainsourfingers,justlikethestorieswithinthenewspapersinfluencethewaywethink.,.,24,Notes,Lines5-8AndnowagustyshowerwrapsThegrimyscrapsOfwitheredleavesaboutyourfeetAndnewspapersfromvacantlots;,Moreimagery:agustyshowerhasclearedsomeofthegrimefromthestreet,wrappingallthetrashandleavesaroundourfeetLitterisoneofEliotsfrequently-usedimages:thosevacantlots.,.,25,Notes,Lines5-8AndnowagustyshowerwrapsThegrimyscrapsOfwitheredleavesaboutyourfeetAndnewspapersfromvacantlots;,Withtheimageofabandonment,Eliotfinallygivesusachancetotakeabreathbyinsertingasemi-colon.Ifenjambmentkeepsthelinesmoving,semi-colonmakesuspause.,.,26,Notes,Lines9-12TheshowersbeatOnbrokenblindsandchimney-pots,AndatthecornerofthestreetAlonelycab-horsesteamsandstamps.,Theimageryofbrokenblindsoffersanothercluethatthingsarerun-down.,.,27,Notes,Lines9-12TheshowersbeatOnbrokenblindsandchimney-pots,AndatthecornerofthestreetAlonelycab-horsesteamsandstamps.,brokenblindsandchimney-potssoundlikeraindropshittingasurface.Steamsandstamps:“S”sounds:asteadyrain,while“P”instampssoundslikethehorsestampinghisfoot.,.,28,Notes,Line13Andthenthelightingofthelamps.,Changesinlightindicatechangesinthepoem.Itdoesntactuallybringreliefonlyvisionsofthedirtystreetoutside.,.,29,Notes,Line13Andthenthelightingofthelamps.,witheredleavesandburnt-outendsoftimeandspacearedampenedbywintershoweroverpassage-ways,vacantlots,brokenblindsandchimney-pots,andstreet,cab-horseandotherwitnesses.,.,30,Notes,Line13Andthenthelightingofthelamps.,Thesuddennessofthelightingoflampsbetraystheunbearableweightofwaitingasifforajudgment,orforthelostsoultofallheadlongintotheinfernalreal.,.,31,PreludeIisthedescriptionofawintereveninginatown.Itisessentiallyamoodpoem.Itcreatesanatmosphereofdecay,lackofcare,anddarkness,challengedonlybythelastline,whichisspatiallysetapartfromtherestofthepoem.Thegeneralstyleissimpleandbitty.Differentthingsseemtobeunrelated.,.,32,LiteraryLinguisticStylisticsAnalysis,Irregularityin:rhymescheme;sentencedistribution;linelength.2.simplicityofsentenceandclausestructure:simplesentence(fouroutoffive);Zelementfunctioningassentences;lackofboundclauses.,.,33,.,34,3.disjointedness:lackofconjunctions;relativeautonomyofclauses;useof“and”createsasenseofunrelatenessbetweenlinesclausesandsentences;useofseemingunrelatedobjects;Unpredictabilityofextendingelementsbypreviousonesineachclause;changeoftopicineachsentence.4.noinversion,“th”endings,.,35,4.lackofpoeticdistinction:ordinary,everydaywords;Littleuseofpoeticwordsandpoeticconstructionssuchasinversion.,.,36,Musicalfeaturesof“Preludes”,Preludesaremusicalinterludes,soreadingthetitlemightexpectthepoemtosoundlikeasong.WithamusicaltitlelikePreludes,wejustknowtheremustbesomemusicheresomewhere.Itsactuallyavaried,rhythm-filledsymphonyofsounds.,.,37,Themajorunifyingfactorisitsrhymesceme.Byrhyminglineswhichatfirsthavenoobviousconnection,heforcesustolookforone,e.g.cookingandburningarerelated;lotsarelinkedwithpots(lackofcareanddecay);wraps,scraps(associationsdirtiness).,.,38,Alliteration,TheshowersbeatOnbrokenblindsandchimney-pots,AndatthecornerofthestreetAlonelycab-horsesteamsandstamps.,.,39,Alliteration,Theimageryofbrokenblindsoffersanothercluethatthingsareabitrun-down;brokenblindsandchimney-potsactuallysoundlikeraindropshittingasurface.Steamsandstamps:Ssoundsgiveusasoundofasteadyrain,whilethehardPinstampskindofsoundslikethehorsestampinghisfoot.,.,40,Thestrongconsonantsounds,combinedwiththeallirregularitiesmakethepoemjumpanddancearound,neversettlingintoonestyleandneverlettingreaderscomfortable.,.,41,Theycanbeseenapreludetosomethinglarger,somethingEliotonlywantstogiveusabriefglimpseof.Theoveralleffectisafeelingofuneasiness.Somethingsdefinitelyoffkeyinthismusicalnumber.,.,42,Theme,ThoughnooneseemstobecomplaininginPreludes,theinhabitantsofthepoemareallsuffering.,.,43,Theme,Thecircularmovementofthewholepoem,endingupwitheveningagain,emphasizestheattitude,andportrayingthedrearycycleinwhicheveningissimplyapreludetonight,nighttomorningandanotherday,daytoeveningandanothernightagain.,.,44,Theme,Thepoemhasbeenreadasarevelationoftheuglinessofmodernity,andspecificallyofurbanlife.Peoplearebuttheequivalenttotheuglinesswithinthescopeoftheirvision,.,45,Theme,Eliot,animagistandamodernisthadprettystrongopinionsaboutmodernlifeanditseffectsonourhumanity.InPreludes,ourconsciencehasbeendulledbydistractions,andourmindsarefilledwithsordidimagesandideas,.,46,Theme,Preoccupationwithmodernlife,withitsnewscycleandbusiness,allofwhichleavesuslittletimetonurtureoursouls.Hisothermorewell-knownpoems,likeTheWasteLandandTheLoveSongforJ.AlfredPrufrock,expandontheillsofmodernsocietywithsimilarlygloomytones.,.,47,Theme,Preludes,however,suggestsattheendthathumanityhasalwaysbeengloomyandfullof.Dontgettoodistractedtorememberthelessonsofthepast,hewarnsinhispoems;thoselessonsmightjustsaveoursoulsfromdecay,.,48,序曲,一冬日黄昏降临，走廊中牛排香四溢。六点钟。烟熏的日子所燃剩的尾端。而今一阵风雨卷起肮脏的垃圾，你脚边枯萎的落叶，和空地上被丢弃的报纸；雨打着破损的百叶窗和烟囱。街道的拐角一匹拖车的马冒着热气顿足。然后万家灯火。,.,49,II,ThemorningcomestoconsciousnessOffaintstalesmellsofbeerFromthesawdust-trampledstreetWithallitsmuddyfeetthatpressToearlycoffee-stands.WiththeothermasqueradesThattimeresumes,OnethinksofallthehandsThatareraisingdingyshadesInathousandfurnishedrooms.,.,50,二,清晨醒来而意识到了轻微的啤酒酸腐味发自那被踏过有锯木屑的街道，因为正有许多泥污的脚涌向清早开张的咖啡摊。随着其它一些伪装的戏被时光重又演出，你不禁想到那许多只手它们正把脏黑的帘幕拉起在成千带家具的出租房。,.,51,IIIYoutossedablanketfromthebed,Youlayuponyourback,andwaited;Youdozed,andwatchedthenightrevealingThethousandsordidimagesOfwhichyoursoulwasconstituted;Theyflickeredagainsttheceiling.AndwhenalltheworldcamebackAndthelightcreptupbetweentheshuttersAndyouheardthesparrowsinthegutters,YouhadsuchavisionofthestreetAsthestreethardlyunderstands;Sittingalongthebedsedge,whereYoucurledthepapersfromyourhair,OrclaspedtheyellowsolesoffeetInthepalmsofbothsoiledhands.,.,52,三你从床头拉下一床毯子，你仰面朝天躺着，并且等待；你打个盹，看到黑夜展开那构成了你的灵魂的成千个肮脏的意象，它们对着天花板闪光。而当整个世界转回来，从百叶窗隙又爬进了光亮，你听见麻雀在阴沟聒噪，坐在床沿上，你取下了你那卷头发的纸条，或者以脏污的双手握着你那脚板磨得发黄的脚，这时你对大街有一种幻觉，那大街对此不会知道。,.,53,IVHissoulstretchedtightacrosstheskiesThatfadebehindacityblock,40OrtrampledbyinsistentfeetAtfourandfiveandsixoclock;Andshortsquarefingersstuffingpipes,Andeveningnewspapers,andeyesAssuredofcertaincertainties,45TheconscienceofablackenedstreetImpatienttoassumetheworld.IammovedbyfanciesthatarecurledAroundtheseimages,andcling:Thenotionofsomeinfinitelygentle50Infinitelysufferingthing.Wipeyourhandacrossyourmouth,andlaugh;TheworldsrevolvelikeancientwomenGatheringfuelinvacantlots.,.,54,四他的灵魂被紧张地扯过那一排楼房后隐没的天空，或者被固执的脚步践踏着，在四点、五点和六点；还有装烟斗的短粗的指头，还有晚报和那些眼睛对某些坚定的事物如此肯定，一条染黑的街道的良心急不可待地要接管世界。我深深有感于那些幻想缠绕着这些意象，而且抱紧；我还想到某种无限温柔和无限痛苦着的生命。用手抹一抹嘴巴而大笑吧；众多世界旋转着好似老妇人在空旷的荒地捡拾煤渣。（查良铮译）,.,55,AnnabelLee,IItwasmanyandmanyayearago,Inakingdombythesea,ThatamaidentherelivedwhomyoumayknowBythenameofAnnabelLee;AndthismaidenshelivedwithnootherthoughtThantoloveandbelovedbyme.,.,56,IIIwasachildandshewasachild,Inthiskingdombythesea:Butwelovedwithalovethatwasmorethanlove-IandmyAnnabelLee;Withalovethatthewingedseraphs(serf最高位天使)ofheavenCoveted(cravefor)herandme.,.,57,IIIAndthiswasthereasonthat,longago,Inthiskingdombythesea,Awindblewoutofacloud,chillingMybeautifulAnnabelLee;Sothatherhighborn(belongingtothenobleclass)kinsman(amalerelative)cameAndboreheraway(transportintoanewlocation)fromme,Toshutherupinasepulcher(seplk(r)achamberthatisusedasagrave)Inthiskingdombythesea.,.,58,IVTheangels,nothalfsohappyinheaven,Wentenvyingherandme-Yes!-thatwasthereason(asallmenknow,Inthiskingdombythesea)Thatthewindcameoutofthecloudbynight,ChillingandkillingmyAnnabelLee.,.,59,VButourloveitwasstrongerbyfarthantheloveOfthosewhowereolderthanwe-Ofmanyfarwiserthanwe-Andneithertheangelsinheavenabove,Northedemons(di:mnanevilsupernaturalbeing)downunderthesea,Caneverdissever(separateintoparts)mysoulfromthesoulOfthebeautifulAnnabelLee:,.,60,VIForthemoonneverbeams(emitlight,bebright,shine),withoutbringingmedreamsOfthebeautifulAnnabelLee;Andthestarsneverrise,butIfeelthebrighteyesOfthebeautifulAnnabelLee;Andso,allthenight-tide,IliedownbythesideOfmydarling-mydarling-mylifeandmybride,Inhersepulchretherebythesea,Inhertombbythesoundingsea.,.,61,GeneralPoints1.BriefIntroduction,ThespeakerexplainsthatAnnabelLeeisyoungandbeautifulwhenshedies.Sheisburiedwhereshelived,nearthesea.AnnabelLeeandthespeakerareintenselyanddeeplyinlove.Thereis“alovethatwasmorethanlove.”,.,62,2.WhatisthereasonAnnabelLeedied?WhatwasPoesmoodwhenhewrotethepoem?Andhowdoesthepoetconsolehimselfforherloss?,.,63,Andthiswasthereasonthat,longago,Inthiskingdombythesea,Awindblewoutofacloud,chillingMybeautifulAnnabelLee,Inthetenderpoemthepoetattemptstoexplainthereasonforthedeathofhisyoungwife:becausetheangelsinheavenwerejealousofthehappinessheandAnnabelLeeshared,theysentchillingwordstokillthebride.,.,64,3.FurtherSummeryofthePlot,Thepoetisshutofffromherbyherrelativeswhohavecarriedheroffforburial.Howevertheirloveissostrongthatneithertheforcesofheavennorofhellcanseparatethetwolovers.Meanwhilethehecontinuestocommunnicatewithherthroughdreams.Thepoetsingsinpraiseofthetimelessnessoflovethepowerofloveoverdeath.,.,65,4.Pickoutwordsandphrasesthatthepoetusestogivethepoemtheunrealatmosphereofafairytale.Howdoesthisdeviceaddtotheideaofthetimelessnessoflove?Thepoembeginsalmostlikeafairytale:“Itwasmanyandmanyayearago,/Inakingdombythesea.”Theopeninglinescreateacalm,happyfeelingandremindthereaderofthetraditionalopeningofafairytale.,.,66,Thepoemisset“inakingdombythesea.”Overtheseais“heaven”withits“angels”andunderitis“hell”withits“demons”.Theimageisverysimilartotheromanticsettingforafairytale.The“cloud”and“wind”actasagentsoftheangelswhocovetedtheirlove.The“highbornkinsmen”suggeststhatAnnabelLeeispartoftheheavenly.,.,67,5.Whyisthepoempresentedinamythologicalsettingandincludereferencestotheangelsandotherheavenlybeingsinthepoem?Bypresentingthestoryinamythologicalsettingthepoetgainsanelevationofloversandthelovetheyshared.,.,68,TheunrealatmospherecreatedbythemythologicalsettingemphasizesthepurityandinnocencebothofAnnabelLeeandofthespeakersloveforher:theirloveissostrongthatevenangelsanddemonscannotseparatethem.,.,69,6.ImageAnalysis,akingdombythesea”Line2setsthetonefortheentirepoem;akindoffairytalefeel.Line20:“kingdom”comesafterthehighbornkinsman.Thekingdombecomesasymboloftyrannyandcruelty.Itispartofwhatmakestheworldsuchabadplacetoliveforthepoorspeaker.,.,70,TheseaTheimagethattieseverythingtogether:areflectionoftheemptinessanddesolationthatthespeakerfeelsnowthathehaslostAnnabel.Line2:Ifthekingdombecomesasymbolofthepowerofpeople,thentheseaisallaboutthepowerofnature.Line31:adarkandscarythinginAnnabelLee.,.,71,Line40:the”s”sound:sepulcher“,sea“,givesasortofhissing,evilsound.Line41:Thelastwordinthispoem.Itroundsthewholethingout,andleavesuswiththefamiliarhauntingimage,mysteriousoftheopenlonelyocean.,.,72,“highbornkinsmen”Itreferstoherrelativesofnoblebirth.Anegativeimage,thiskinsmanisthemainsymboloftheinterferenceofolderpeopleinthespeakerslife.Heshowsupforaline,takesAnnabelaway,andshutsherinatomb.Consideringthemythologicalsetting,the“highbornkinsmen”couldeasilyandmostsimplybearenderloversclaimthathisbelovedispartandparceloftheheavenly.,.,73,ANNABELLEEShesmeanttobeasymbolofimpossible,purebeautyandlove.Line4:Morelikeafairy-talecharacterthanarealgirl.Line26:WhenhetalksaboutthewindchillingAnnabel,wecanalmostfeelthecoldnessofherbodyaslifeslipsaway.Thenthespeakerrhymesthatwordwithkilling,whichistheharshestmentionofdeathintheentirepoem.,.,74,Line33:ThelastthreetimeshementionsAnnabel,itsinthisrepeatedline:OfthebeautifulAnnabelLee.Itsanotherrefrain,inapoemthatsfullofthem.Inthesesadlastlines,hernamebecomesalmostlikeanecho,asthespeakerbuildsupintohislastcryofdespairinline39.Hernamefinallybecomeslikethewordsofaspellthathessayingoverandoveragaintotrytobringherback.,.,75,Thesepulcher(Asmallroomorbuildinginwhichthebodiesofdeadpeoplewereput.)Line19:Asymbolforthecoldrealityofdeath,itsaharshphrasethatmakesitsoundmorelikeaprisonthanafinalrestingplace.,.,76,Theangels/seraphsTheytaketheblameforkillingAnnabel.Withthe“sepulcher”,Poeplayedaroundwithasword,too,creatinganuncomfortableatmosphere.Line11:Rightfromthestart,theseseraphsarecruelandjealous.Theyrepresentdark,unjustandevil.,.,77,Line21:jealousofAnnabelandherlover.Line30:TheythoughttheywouldwinbykillingAnnabel,buthisbondwithheristoostrong.,.,78,ThemoonandstarsThewindchillsandkills,andtheoceanisfullofdemons,butthemoonandstars,bringingmemoriesofAnnabelLee,althoughmemoriesofthemoonandstarsarentveryhappyonesforthepoet.,.,79,Line34:Herethemoon,withthewayitbeamsandbringshimdreamsispersonified.Line36:thestarsaremeanttobeametaphorforhereyesorhemightthinkthatheseeshereyesinthesky.Thevisionisalittlebitbeautifulandsad,andalsoalittlebitscary.,.,80,Thispoemisntaboutahappydream.Itsaboutalivingnightmare,wheredeathiseverywhereandtheworldisdarkandscary.,.,81,7.PoeticTechnique1)Rhyme,“Lee”,“sea”,“me”,and/or“we”arerepeatedlyrhymedthroughoutthepoem,thusunitingallsixstanzas.Thefollowinglinesrhyme:Inthefirststanza,lines1and3rhyme,andlines2,4,6rhyme.StanzaTwo:lines8,10,and12;,.,82,StanzaThree:Lines14,16,18,and20rhyme;StanzaFour:”Lines22,24,and26rhyme;StanzaFive:Lines28,29,31,and33rhyme;StanzaSix:Lines35,37,40,and41;Lines38and39rhyme.Internalrhyme:“ever”,“dissever”(line32);“beam”rhymeswith“dreams”(line34);“rise”,eyes”(line36;“tide”,“side”(line38),.,83,2)Meter,Mostofthelinesconsistoffourfeet(stressedsyllables)alternatedbythreefeet.SomevariationsinlinelengthoccurinStanzasFiveandSix.,.,84,3)Alliteration,(s)soundoccurthroughoutthepoem:“Inthiskingdombythesea”;(h)soundin“nothalfsohappyinheaven”.(m)sound(theFirstStanza)Inmanyandmanymaidentherelived.”(l)soundinthesecondstanza:“lovedwithaloveAnnabelLee”.,.,85,Inthefinalstanza(b)soundrepeatsseveraltimes:“neverbeams,withoutbringmedreams/OfthebeautifulAnnabelLee”.,.,86,Thispoemhastherhythmofagreatghoststory.Theopeningwords(Itwasmanyandmanyayearago)arecalming,likesoftlylappingwaves.Bythemiddle,hesstartingtopickupspeed,andthepoemstartstodrumonyourearlikehorseshooves:Thatthewindcameoutofthecloudbynight,/chillingandkillingmyAnnabelLee.attheend,thepoemexplodes.,.,87,Thewordsgoofflikegunshots:mydarling,mydarling,mylifeandmybride.Thewholerhythmandsoundofthepoemisdesignedtobuilduptothatfinal,terriblescreamofpassionandfrustration,andevenafterwearedoneitshouldstillberinginginourears.,.,88,8.BalladStyle,Balladsarewritteninsimplelanguage,withstanzasofequallength.Frequentrepetitionofwordsandlinesmakesthemeasytoremember.,.,89,Thepoemiswritteninballadform,calledtheballadstanza,whichcontainsfourlines;rhyminga,b,c,b,withthefirstandthirdlineshavingfourstressedsyllablesandrhymingsecondandfourthoneshavingthreestressedsyllables.Therearealsovariationsinthenumberofunstressedsyllables.,.,90,QualitiesofballadwithAnnabelLee:Itisastory-tellingpoem;Ithassupernaturalelements;Itisaboutlove,dealingwiththecommonpeople;Thestanzashavethebasicrhymeandmeter,althoughthereisvariation;Ithasrefrainsorrepeatinglinesthroughoutthepoem;AnnabelLeesnameand“sea”,and“love”arerepeatedthroughoutthepoem.,.,91,9.TheTheme,Thepoetsingspraiseofthetimelessnessoflove.Thepunctuationattheendofthelastlineofthefifthstanza(AnnabelLee:).Thecolonplusdashshowsthepoetisgoingtorestatebrieflywhatissaidabove,thatis,thetimelessnessoflove.,.,92,MamaIsaSunrisebyEvelynTooleyHunt,Whenshecomesslip-footingthroughthedoor,shekindlesuslikelumpcoallighted,andwewakeupglowing.SheputsasparkeveninPapaseyeandturnsoutallourdarkness.,.,93,MamaIsaSunrisebyEvelynTooleyHunt,Whenshecomessweet-talkingintheroom,shewarmsuslikegritsandgravy（玉米糁和肉汁）,andweriseshining.Evenatnight-timeMamaisasunrisethatpromisestomorrowandtomorrow.,.,94,ToCeliaBenJonson1572-1637,Drinktomeonlywithyoureyes;AndIwillpledgewithmine;Orleaveakissbutinthecup;AndIwillnotlookforwine.,用你的眼神为我祝酒，我也用眼神为你祝福；你留下一个吻在杯口，我绝不会再沾杯中美酒。,.,95,ThereIsaGardeninHerFaceThomasCampion1567-1620,Thereisgardeninherface,Whererosesandwhiteliliesgrow;Aheavenlyparadiseisthatplace,Whereinallpleasantfruits