虚拟语气-李欣桦PPT课件

Subjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemoodsubjunctivemood,subjunctivemood,Grammar,1,.,1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,2,.,虚拟语气的主要内容,一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气时态一致2.错综时间的虚拟句3.倒装句4.含蓄条件句5.Ifonly感叹二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式wish、asif/though、wouldrather、ItstimeItsnecessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从句,3,.,Q:Whatsthedifferencebetweenthetwosentences?,IfIamfree,Iwillvisityou.,IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyintothesky.,（虚拟条件句）,(真实条件句）,4,.,IfIwonthegame,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.(与现在事实相反）,5,.,Ifhehadgotupearly,hewouldnothavebeenlateforschool.（与过去事实相反）,如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。,6,.,假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？,Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.,假如他看见我,就会认识我。,Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.,7,.,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,8,.,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,9,.,IfIwereyou,I_buythehouserightnow.A.wontB.dontC.wouldntD.cant2._morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.IfthecaptainhadbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen3.Ifhe_metomorrow,IwouldlethimknowA.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotable,B,C,A,10,.,二.名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三条建议：advise,suggest,propose四项要求：demand,require,request,ask,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。,11,.,1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,1.WesuggestedthatTom,2.HeinsistedthatIpresent.,4.Theyrequestedthatwe,3.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners,shouldhavearest.,(should)be,Shouldbekilled,thenextday.,shouldsendthem,toworkthere.,12,.,三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,1）wish+宾语从句,现在：过去：未来：,过去时(did/were),过去完成时(haddone),would/could/might+V.should,IwishIwereabird.(现在)IwishIhadntmadesuchamistake.(过去)Wewishourparentswouldntpunishus.(未来),13,.,IwishI_abird.,were,14,.,Iwisheveryday_mybirthday.,were,15,.,Iwish/wishedI_(noteat)somuchwatermelon.,hadnteaten,16,.,2）wouldratherthat-,现在：过去：未来：,Iwouldratheryou_(pay)menow.(现在),Iwouldratheryou_(go)thereyesterday.(过去),Dontcome.Iwouldratheryou_(come)tomorrow.(未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,paidme,hadgone,came,17,.,3）asif/though+从句,现在：过去：,过去时,过去完成时,Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.,Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.,18,.,4).Its（high）time+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Itshightimethatyou.Itshightimethatyou.,Itstimethatwe.Itstimethatwetobed.,went,shouldgo,wenttobed,shouldgo,19,.,5）Ifonly(要是就好了)IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！,Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!,IfonlyIhadntmissedthetrain!,20,.,6）Itsnecessary/strange/natural/importantapity+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形,1.Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.2.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.3.Itsnecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.,21,.,四.错综时间的虚拟句通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的,但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式.,1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(从句指现在,主句指过去)。,2.IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。,22,.,五.without,butfor，or和otherwise构成含蓄虚拟条件句。butfor要不是，or否则（含蓄条件句）1.）Withoutsunlight,therewouldbenolifeonourplanet.2.）Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedthework.3.）Iwasillthatday.otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副词)4.）Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(连词),23,.,1.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined,B,精选习题,24,.,2.Whatwouldhavehappened,_asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.IfBobhadwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther,C,精选习题,25,.,3.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.(95N)A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,C,26,.,.,4-DoyoumindifIleavethewindowopen?-Well,Idratheryou_.A.dontB.didntC.wontD.mustnt5.Itshalfpasteleven.Itshightime_home.A.wellB.wedC.weregoingD.wewent,B,D,flash,27,.,6.Iadvisedthatyou_thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish7.Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay_beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould,28,.,8.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_there.A.notwentB.wontgoC.notgoD.nottogo,29,.,9.Janespalefacesuggestedthathe_ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis10.Heinsistshe_right.A.wereB.wasC.beD.is,30,.,11.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet,高手过招,31,.,12._Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were13.ifit_tomorrow,Iwouldntattendtheparty.A.rainB.rainsC.hadrainedD.weretorain,32,.,14.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you_allright.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen,33,.,15.Withoutsunlight,orwaterorair,there_nolifeontheearth.AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe16.Butforthesnow,we_earlier.AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived,34,.,17.Itshightimethey_thisroad.A.mendB.mendedC.musthavemendedD.willmend18.IfonlyI_drivingbefore.A.hadlearnedB.learnedC.learnD.wouldlearn,35,.,19.IwishI_abirdAisBwereCwillbeDare20.HowIwishthatI_themoonsometimeinthefuture.AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit,36,.,21.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow22.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe_meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.(2010)A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold,37,.,23.Ifwe_theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.(2010,陕西)A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken24.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimean