小学介词专题

介词一、介词的定义和分类1，定义：介词是虚词。如果句子中不负责成分，就必须与名词代词等一起构成介词短语，才能担任句子成分。二、分类时间介词：in at on before after位置介词：in、on、at、over、above、below、under、behind动词介词：to，at，on，over，below，under，behind趋势简介：by、on、with原因介词：of for练习：1、wewent to the country()a very cold morning。A.at B. in C. on D. of2，China lies()the east of Asia and()the north of Australia。A.to；To B. in到c .到；In D. inOn3，I did nt go the park with my class mates，because my mother askedMe to()my little sister at home。A.look after b . look at c . look for d . look like4，if you are able to get the tickets tomorrow，please tell me () phone。A.at B. by C. on D. through5，Lyon wanted to be a soldier and his dream came true()November25th，2008。A.in B. during C. on D. at第二，代表时间的介词1，at1)表示特定时间点(例如，特定时间点或时间)。At seven oclock at half past two2)与at noon/night/midnight固定2，on1)2008年某一天on Monday on August 8th(2)某一天早上、下午或晚上，on the night of National Day3)具有什么特征的一天on a rainy evening3，in1)用于表示世纪in the 21st century2)用于表示年、月或日的in 2013 in January in July，20133)表示周，in one week在一周内4)表示季节in spring5)上午、下午或晚上，in the morning/afternoon/evening6)是“过去的.后”的意思。未来的时间是一小时后4、before是.之前before 10 oclock5、after是“in .”表示after half past six6、until/till.到(时间)until/till the end of the year7，for da.长时间for an hour for three years8、从during开始.期间(经常是一段时间)during the summer9，从.(小时)自，固定配方自.到.from one to ten10，since表示.以后的时间从以前的某个时间点一直持续到现在。(现在完成时)I have played the piano since 2006。11、within是.不超过的范围within 5 hours；With a week三、表示地点、方向的介词1、in和at1)小地方使用at at the village，at home，at the corner of the street2)在大面积地区使用in Shanghai、in the country、in Asia、in the world、in space经常搭配。At a factory in hospital医院住院in the hospital医院内(工作)At the doorAt the airportAt the partyAt the school gateAt the crossroads2、on、above、over、under和below的用法比较1)ona，上方(曲面接触)on the desk，on the wallb，意思是“在附近”c，在农场经常搭配2)above.上面(但不一定在上面)above the clouds above the tree3)over.就在上面over the sea 3)over the river4)under是.就在下方under the chair under the tree5)below是.下(但不一定在正上方)below the bridge3，in frond of和in the frond ofIn frond of.前面(外部)There is a tree in front of the house。In the frond of此处.前面(内部)there is a desk in the front of the class room .4、behind.在后面(=at the back of)there is a tree behind my house。5、职位是.的对面是our school is the opposite a hospital .6、between、among、around介于吉姆和汤姆之间。among在三个以上的人或事物中。he is very popular among the students。3)around”包围.周围的“We sat around the table .我们围坐在桌子旁。7，从1)到到货.地点/方向I am going on a trip to HongKong。(2)for 方向.(表示目的地，通常与固定动词一致)Leave for出发.出发start for.3)自.起始(表示起点)how far is it from guanghou to Nanjing？8、out of和into1)out of out of the room exceitedly。他们兴奋地跑出了房间。(2)into进入了He jumped into the water。他跳进水里。9、回头我们climbed up the hill。10、next to、near、beside1) near表示“in . near”，比by和beside稍远或更频繁地变化示例：There is a theatre near his home。他家附近有剧场。2)next to .就在旁边the new building next to the book store is a cinema。书店旁边的新建筑物是电影院。3)beide是.在附近；在旁边Put your shoes beside mine。把鞋放在我的鞋旁边。练习：1.在广州_ _ _ _ _ _ Guangzhou在电影院_ _ _ _ _ _ the cinema3.在湖边_ _ _ _ _ the lake4.在海里_ _ _ _ _ _ the sea5.树中的苹果apples _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the tree6.树的新birds _ _ _ _ _ _ the tree7.天空中的_ _ _ _ _ the sky8.教室外_ _ _ _ the classroom9.在农场上_ _ _ _ _ _ _ the farm10.在街上_ _ _ _ _ _ _ the street注意：“on the tree(在树中)”是指最初位于树中的东西，如水果、花等.In the tree意味着有不属于树的东西藏在树里人呆在床上总是使用in，而东西经常在床上使用on三、其他介词1、with、in、by1)witha，然后.一起Can I go with you？我能和你一起去吗？b，支持，包含he was a handsome boy with large bright eyes。他是一个长着明亮大眼睛的英俊少年。c，用任何工具或方法切her hand with a knife。她用小刀割伤了手。2)ina，用某种材料(如墨水、铅笔)shewrote a letter in black ink。她用黑色墨水写了信。b，用英语.英语中的in Englishc，代表衣服The boy in blue is my brother。穿蓝色衣服的男孩是我兄弟。3)by通过某种方法/方法Please send the letter by airmail这封信请用航空邮件寄。2、without、like、as(1)without I can t finish the work without your help。我不能做这件事，没有你的帮助。2)like就像.She is just like her mother .她和她妈妈一样。3)as是They treated me as a hero .他们像英雄一样对待我。四、常用介词短语一、介词的固定安排1)介词与名词的结合2)动词和介词的结合AtArrive at/in到达At first开始；开始。开始Get off下车At last最后一次Help sb。With sth。帮助某人做某事At school在上课，在上学Ask for请求At the moment此时此刻Get up起床At home在家；在家里。没有任何约束对数嘲笑At present现在就开始Learn from.在中学习At work上班，工作Look after照顾At the same time同时Look for寻找Think for想起来了OnWorry about担心温都蒂值勤Listen to你在听吗霍尔达休假Look at看；看。注视On time准时talk about谈话On the left/right左/右Wait for等待；等待。背On the radio在广播中Thank for.谢谢。温带步行温萨利销售；销售。降价销售3)形容词和介词搭配使用On电视在电视上播放Be afraid of我很害怕On the phone我在打电话Be careful with小心；小心。关心On the way在路上Be interested in你有兴趣吗.Be good at能说会道InBe proud of感到自豪in all整体Be crazy about深爱等级在课堂上Be late for迟到某事in English用英语Be good for.对有利因绍特总之4)其他