俄罗斯方块课程设计报告

目 录1. 系统概述 12. 设计说明书 43. 系统操作界面 64. 源程序编码 75. 测试计划366. 改进意见397课程设计心得体会 408. 参考书籍、资料 40 系统概述1.1现状分析在个人电脑日益普及的今天，一些有趣的桌面游戏已经成为人们在使用计算机进行工作或学习之余休闲娱乐的首选，而俄罗斯方块游戏是人们最熟悉的小游戏之一，它以其趣味性强，易上手等诸多特点得到了大众的认可，因此开发此游戏软件可满足人们的一些娱乐的需求。此俄罗斯方块游戏可以为用户提供一个可在普通个人电脑上运行的，界面美观的，易于控制的俄罗斯方块游戏。1.2项目要求俄罗斯方块游戏是一款适合大众的游戏软件，它适合不同年龄的人玩。本软件要实现的功能如下：（1）游戏区：玩家可以在游戏区中堆积方块，并能够在游戏过程中随时了解得分情况。（2）游戏控制：玩家可以通过游戏控制功能来选择开始新的一局游戏，暂停或退出游戏。（3） 级别设置：玩家可以根据自己的需要自行设定游戏的开始级别，级别越高，游戏的速度越快，难度越大。（4） 1.3系统功能模块示意图俄罗斯方块游戏游戏区游戏控制显示玩家操作显示操作结果开始暂停/继续提高等级退出降低等级项目开发计划书项目开发计划书名称时间工作内容下达设计任务1天（集中）说明如何着手设计的方法和设计任务的解释说明。收集、分析资料及文档2天项目组在项目经理的组织下选题、分析，识别实体，完成项目开发计划书及小组人员分工。设计2天各项目组完成系统层次图、用户界面设计、数据库表设计、报表设计，完成设计说明书程序编写和测试7天根据方案进行现场编程、调试。编写设计文档2天完成软件测试以及用户操作手册的编写。文档提交、答辩1天各小组提交文档，教师根据情况选择是否答辩及答辩方式（抽样答辩或全员答辩）。 设计说明1.1游戏区模块游戏区模块创建游戏区处理玩家游戏操作显示游戏结果1.2控制区模块游戏控制模块开始游戏暂停游戏初始级别设置退出游戏1.3系统流程图是否到顶部处理玩家操作开始设置初始级别创建游戏区游戏开局随机选择方块类型是否到顶部方块下落一行游戏结束是否1.4模块简介1 功能模块（1）游戏区模块（创建游戏区，处理玩家操作，显示操作结果）（2）游戏控制模块（开始，暂停继续，提高等级，降低等级，停止，新游戏，帮助） 系统操作界面游戏打开界面 游戏进行中界面源代码编码#include #include #include #include #include #include #define true 1#define false 0#define BoardWidth 12#define BoardHeight 23#define _INNER_HELPER /*inner helper method */*Scan Codes Define*/enum KEYCODES K_ESC =0x011b, K_UP =0x4800, /* upward arrow */ K_LEFT =0x4b00, K_DOWN =0x5000, K_RIGHT =0x4d00, K_SPACE =0x3920, K_P =0x1970;/* the data structure of the block */typedef struct tagBlock char c44; /* cell fill info array, 0-empty, 1-filled */ int x; /* block position cx 0,BoardWidht -1 */ int y; /* block position cy -4,BoardHeight-1 */ char color; /* block color */ char size; /* block max size in width or height */ char name; /* block name (the blocks shape) */ Block;/* games global info */int FrameTime= 1300;int CellSize= 18;int BoardLeft= 30;int BoardTop= 30;/* next block grid */int NBBoardLeft= 300;int NBBoardTop= 30;int NBCellSize= 10;/* score board position */int ScoreBoardLeft= 300;int ScoreBoardTop=100;int ScoreBoardWidth=200;int ScoreBoardHeight=35;int ScoreColor=LIGHTCYAN;/* infor text postion */int InfoLeft=300;int InfoTop=200;int InfoColor=YELLOW;int BorderColor=DARKGRAY;int BkGndColor=BLACK;int GameRunning=true;int TopLine=BoardHeight-1; /* top empty line */int TotalScore=100;char info_score20;char info_help255;char info_common255;/* our board, Boardxy0-isFilled, Boardxy1-fillColor */unsigned char BoardBoardWidthBoardHeight2;char BufferCells44; /* used to judge if can rotate block */Block curBlock; /* current moving block */Block nextBlock; /* next Block to appear */* function list */int GetKeyCode();int CanMove(int dx,int dy);int CanRotate();int RotateBlock(Block *block);int MoveBlock(Block *block,int dx,int dy);void DrawBlock(Block *block,int,int,int);void EraseBlock(Block *block,int,int,int);void DisplayScore();void DisplayInfo(char* text);void GenerateBlock(Block *block);void NextBlock();void InitGame();int PauseGame();void QuitGame();/*Get Key Code */int _INNER_HELPER GetKeyCode() int key=0; if(bioskey(1) key=bioskey(0); return key;/* display text! */void _INNER_HELPER DisplayInfo(char *text) setcolor(BkGndColor); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop,info_common); strcpy(info_common,text); setcolor(InfoColor); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop,info_common);/* create a new block by key number,* the block anchor to the top-left corner of 4*4 cells*/void _INNER_HELPER GenerateBlock(Block *block) int key=(random(13)*random(17)+random(1000)+random(3000)%7; block-size=3;/* because most blocks size=3 */ memset(block-c,0,16); switch(key) case 0: block-name=T; block-color=RED; block-c10=1; block-c11=1, block-c21=1; block-c12=1; break; case 1: block-name=L; block-color=YELLOW; block-c10=1; block-c11=1; block-c12=1, block-c22=1; break; case 2: block-name=J; block-color=LIGHTGRAY; block-c10=1; block-c11=1; block-c12=1, block-c02=1; break; case 3: block-name=z; block-color=CYAN; block-c00=1, block-c10=1; block-c11=1, block-c21=1; break; case 4: block-name=5; block-color=LIGHTBLUE; block-c10=1, block-c20=1; block-c01=1, block-c11=1; break; case 5: block-name=o; block-color=BLUE; block-size=2; block-c00=1, block-c10=1; block-c01=1, block-c11=1; break; case 6: block-name=I; block-color=GREEN; block-size=4; block-c10=1; block-c11=1; block-c12=1; block-c13=1; break; /* get next block! */void NextBlock() /* copy the nextBlock to curBlock */ curBlock.size=nextBlock.size; curBlock.color=nextBlock.color; curBlock.x=(BoardWidth-4)/2; curBlock.y=-curBlock.size; memcpy(curBlock.c,nextBlock.c,16); /* generate nextBlock and show it */ EraseBlock(&nextBlock,NBBoardLeft,NBBoardTop,NBCellSize); GenerateBlock(&nextBlock); nextBlock.x=1,nextBlock.y=0; DrawBlock(&nextBlock,NBBoardLeft,NBBoardTop,NBCellSize);/* rotate the block, update the block struct data */int _INNER_HELPER RotateCells(char c44,char blockSize) char temp,i,j; switch(blockSize) case 3: temp=c00; c00=c20, c20=c22, c22=c02, c02=temp; temp=c01; c01=c10, c10=c21, c21=c12, c12=temp; break; case 4: /* only I block arived here! */ c10=1-c10, c12=1-c12, c13=1-c13; c01=1-c01, c21=1-c21, c31=1-c31; break; /* judge if the block can move toward the direction */int CanMove(int dx,int dy) int i,j,tempX,tempY; for(i=0;icurBlock.size;i+) for(j=0;jcurBlock.size;j+) if(curBlock.cij) /* cannot move leftward or rightward */ tempX = curBlock.x + i + dx; if(tempX(BoardWidth-1) return false; /* make sure x is valid! */ /* cannot move downward */ tempY = curBlock.y + j + dy; if(tempY(BoardHeight-1) return false; /* y is only checked lower bound, maybe negative! */ /* the cell already filled, we must check Ys upper bound before check cell ! */ if(tempY=0 & BoardtempXtempY0) return false; return true;/* judge if the block can rotate */int CanRotate() int i,j,tempX,tempY; /* update buffer */ memcpy(BufferCells, curBlock.c, 16); RotateCells(BufferCells,curBlock.size); for(i=0;icurBlock.size;i+) for(j=0;jcurBlock.size;j+) if(BufferCellsij) tempX=curBlock.x+i; tempY=curBlock.y+j; if(tempX(BoardWidth-1) return false; if(tempY(BoardHeight-1) return false; if(tempY=0 & BoardtempXtempY0) return false; return true;/* draw the block */void _INNER_HELPER DrawBlock(Block *block,int bdLeft,int bdTop,int cellSize) int i,j; setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,block-color); for(i=0;isize;i+) for(j=0;jsize;j+) if(block-cij & (block-y+j)=0) floodfill( bdLeft+cellSize*(i+block-x)+cellSize/2, bdTop+cellSize*(j+block-y)+cellSize/2, BorderColor); /* Rotate the block, if success, return true */int RotateBlock(Block *block) char temp,i,j; int b_success; if(block-size=2) return true; if( b_success=CanRotate() EraseBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); memcpy(curBlock.c,BufferCells,16); DrawBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); return b_success;/* erase a block, only fill the filled cell with background color */void _INNER_HELPER EraseBlock(Block *block,int bdLeft,int bdTop,int cellSize) int i,j; setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BkGndColor); for(i=0;isize;i+) for(j=0;jsize;j+) if(block-cij & (block-y+j=0) floodfill( bdLeft+cellSize*(i+block-x)+cellSize/2, bdTop+cellSize*(j+block-y)+cellSize/2, BorderColor); /* move by the direction if can, donothing if cannot* return value: true - success, false - cannot move toward this direction*/int MoveBlock(Block *block,int dx,int dy) int b_canmove=CanMove(dx,dy); if(b_canmove) EraseBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); curBlock.x+=dx; curBlock.y+=dy; DrawBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); return b_canmove;/* drop the block to the bottom! */int DropBlock(Block *block) EraseBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); while(CanMove(0,1) curBlock.y+; DrawBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); return 0;/* return value is assign to the blocks alive */* init the graphics mode, draw the board grid */void InitGame() int i,j,gdriver=DETECT,gmode; struct time sysTime; /* draw board cells */ memset(Board,0,BoardWidth*BoardHeight*2); memset(nextBlock.c,0,16); strcpy(info_help,P: Pause Game. -by hoodlum1980); initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,); setcolor(BorderColor); for(i=0;i=BoardWidth;i+) line(BoardLeft+i*CellSize, BoardTop, BoardLeft+i*CellSize, BoardTop+ BoardHeight*CellSize); for(i=0;i=BoardHeight;i+) line(BoardLeft, BoardTop+i*CellSize, BoardLeft+BoardWidth*CellSize, BoardTop+ i*CellSize); /* draw board outer border rect */ rectangle(BoardLeft-CellSize/4, BoardTop-CellSize/4, BoardLeft+BoardWidth*CellSize+CellSize/4, BoardTop+BoardHeight*CellSize+CellSize/4); /* draw next block grids */ for(i=0;i=4;i+) line(NBBoardLeft+i*NBCellSize, NBBoardTop, NBBoardLeft+i*NBCellSize, NBBoardTop+4*NBCellSize); line(NBBoardLeft, NBBoardTop+i*NBCellSize, NBBoardLeft+4*NBCellSize, NBBoardTop+ i*NBCellSize); /* draw score rect */ rectangle(ScoreBoardLeft,ScoreBoardTop,ScoreBoardLeft+ScoreBoardWidth,ScoreBoardTop+ScoreBoardHeight); DisplayScore(); /* set new seed! */ gettime(&sysTime); srand(sysTime.ti_hour*3600+sysTime.ti_min*60+sysTime.ti_sec); GenerateBlock(&nextBlock); NextBlock(); /* create first block */ setcolor(DARKGRAY); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop+20,Up -rotate Space-drop); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop+35,Left-left Right-right); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop+50,Esc -exit); DisplayInfo(info_help);/* set the isFilled and fillcolor data to the board */void _INNER_HELPER FillBoardData() int i,j; for(i=0;icurBlock.size;i+) for(j=0;j=0) BoardcurBlock.x+icurBlock.y+j0=1; BoardcurBlock.x+icurBlock.y+j1=curBlock.color; /* draw one line of the board */void _INNER_HELPER PaintBoard() int i,j,fillcolor; for(j=max(TopLine-4),0);jBoardHeight;j+) for(i=0;iBoardWidth;i+) fillcolor=Boardij0? Boardij1:BkGndColor; setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,fillcolor); floodfill(BoardLeft+i*CellSize+CellSize/2,BoardTop+j*CellSize+CellSize/2,BorderColor); /* check if one line if filled full and increase the totalScore! */void _INNER_HELPER CheckBoard() int i,j,k,score=10,sum=0,topy,lines=0; /* we find the top empty line! */ j=topy=BoardHeight-1; do sum=0; for(i=0;i0 & topy0); /* remove the full filled line (max remove lines count = 4) */ do sum=0; for(i=0;i topy;k-) for(i=0;iBoardWidth;i+) Boardik0=Boardik-10; Boardik1=Boardik-11; /*make the top line empty! */ for(i=0;iBoardWidth;i+) Boarditopy0=0; Boarditopy1=0; topy+; /* move the topline downward one line! */ lines+; /* lines 0 & jtopy & lines=FrameTime) /* our block has dead! (cant move down), we get next block */ if(!MoveBlock(&curBlock,0,1) UpdateBoard(); NextBlock(); if(!CanMove(0,1) goto GameOver; tick=0; delay(100); switch(key) case K_LEFT: MoveBlock(&curBlock,-1,0); break; case K_RIGHT: MoveBlock(&curBlock,1,0); break; case K_DOWN: MoveBlock(&curBlock,0,1); break; case K_UP: RotateBlock(&curBlock); break; case K_SPACE: DropBlock(&curBlock); break; case K_P: PauseGame(); break; GameOver: DisplayInfo(GAME OVER! Press any key to exit!); getch(); /* wait the user Press any key. */ QuitGame(); 测试计划 1.1测试方案 本游戏的测试方法采用检查各个功能能否实现的方法 1.2测试项目及功能控制区开始：实现游戏的开始暂停：实现游戏暂停继续：实现游戏继续提高级数:提高级数增加游戏的难度降低级数：降低级数减小游戏的难度菜单区新游戏：游戏结束从新开始新一轮的游戏提高级数：提高游戏难度降低级数：减小游戏难度退出：退出游戏开始：开始游戏暂停：暂停正在进行的游戏从新开始：重新开始游戏停止：停止正在进行的游戏帮助信息： 游戏控制键显示区：显示俄罗斯方块提前显示窗口：显示下一个方块的样式测试进度：本游戏在我和同组李帅同学的辛苦努力下用了半天的时间完成了1.3测试准备编写相应的驱动模块，并精心设计测试用例1.4 测试机构 测试人员: 王新勃职责：找出程序中的错误，实现游戏的功能1.5 测试项目说明测试1：名称：控制区功能测试 目的：测试控制区各个功能的按钮。 内容： 包括游戏开始，暂停，继续，停止，提高级数，降低级数的功能 步骤：打开游戏窗口，按下开始按钮，看游戏区是否有方块下落，若有则在按暂停按钮看其是否暂停，若暂停，则按继续看其是否继续下落。按停止按钮方块观察方块是否停止不动，按提高级数，降低级数看显示区级数是否在变化，并观察游戏中方块的下落书读是否变化，按提高级数按钮，方块的下落速度应加快；按降低级数按钮，方块的速度应减慢。测试2：名称：菜单区功能测试 目的：测试菜单区各个子菜单的功能 内容：游戏菜单下的子菜单：新游戏，提高级数，降低级数，退出按钮的功能实现，控制菜单下的子菜单：开始，暂停，重新开始，停止的功能实现。步骤：打开游戏窗口，按下控制菜单下的开始按钮，看游戏区是否有方块下落，预显区是否显示下一个方块的样式。在按测