无线电通话用语-雷达用语

1赵琦航行系,空中交通无线电通话用语,RadiotelephonyCommunicationsForAirTrafficServices,主讲人：赵琦中国民航学院空管学院航行系,2赵琦航行系,Radaridentificationandvectoring,RADAR=RadioDetectingandRangingDEFINITION:Radarisaradiodetectiondevicewhichprovidesinformationonrange,azimuthand/orelevationofobjects.,3赵琦航行系,Radaridentificationandvectoring,PrimarySurveillanceRadar(PSR):Asurveillanceradarsystemwhichusesreflectedradiosignals.,4赵琦航行系,Radaridentificationandvectoring,SecondarySurveillanceRadar(SSR)Asurveillanceradarsystemwhichusestransmitters/receivers(interrogators)andtransponders.,5赵琦航行系,Radaridentificationandvectoring,Radarcontact:Thesituationwhichexistswhentheradarpositionofaparticularaircraftisseenandidentifiedonaradardisplay.RadaridentificationThesituationwhichexistswhentheradarpositionofaparticularaircraftisseenonaradardisplayandpositivelyidentifiedbytheairtrafficcontroller.,6赵琦航行系,Radaridentificationandvectoring,RadarvectoringProvisionofnavigationalguidancetoaircraftintheformofspecificheadings,basedontheuseofradar.,7赵琦航行系,5612,8赵琦航行系,9赵琦航行系,WhereSSRisused,aircraftmaybeidentifiedbyoneormoreofthefollowingprocedures:a)recognitionoftheaircraftidentificationinaradarlabel;b)recognitionofanassigneddiscretecode,thesettingofwhichhasbeenverified,inaradarlabel;,Radaridentificationandvectoring,10赵琦航行系,c)directrecognitionoftheaircraftidentificationofaModeS-equippedaircraftinaradarlabel;d)bytransferofradaridentification;e)observationofcompliancewithaninstructiontosetaspecificcode;f)observationofcompliancewithaninstructiontosquawkIDENT;,Radaridentificationandvectoring,11赵琦航行系,Radaridentificationandvectoring,WhereSSRisnotusedoravailable,radaridentificationshallbeestablishedbyatleastoneofthefollowingmethods:a)positionreportmethodb)departingaircraftmethodc)transfermethodd)theturnmethod,12赵琦航行系,雷达用语,雷达识别报告航向和高度层（或高度）REPORTHEADINGANDFLIGHTLEVEL(orALTITUDE)为了识别，左（或右）转航向（三位数）FORIDENTIFICATION,TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)HEADING(threedigits),一般雷达管制用语,13赵琦航行系,雷达用语,为了识别发送信号并报告航向TRANSMITFORIDENTIFICATIONANDREPORTHEADING雷达看到了位置RADARCONTACTposition已经识别（位置）IDENTIFIED(position)没有识别原因，恢复（或继续）自主领航NOTIDENTIFIEDreason,RESUME(orCONTINUE)OWNNAVIGATION,一般雷达管制用语,14赵琦航行系,雷达用语,位置：在（重要点）（方位）（距离）（或过（或正切）重要点）POSITION(distance)(direction)OF(significantpoint)(orOVER(orABEAM)(significantpoint),一般雷达管制用语-位置情报,15赵琦航行系,雷达用语,离开（重要点）航向（三位数）LEAVE(significantpoint)HEADING(threedigits)保持航向（三位数）CONTINUEHEADING(threedigits)保持现在航向CONTINUEPRESENTHEADING,一般雷达管制用语-引导指令,16赵琦航行系,雷达用语,航向飞（三位数）FLYHEADING(threedigits)左（或右）转，航向（三位数）原因TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)HEADING(threedigits)reason左（或右）转（数值）度原因TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)(numberofdegrees)reason,一般雷达管制用语-引导指令,17赵琦航行系,雷达用语,停止转弯，航向（三位数）STOPTURNHEADING(threedigits)航向飞（三位数），如可能直飞（名字）（重要点）FLYHEADING(threedigits),WHENABLEPROCEEDDIRECT(name)(significantpoint)航向好HEADINGISGOOD,一般雷达管制用语-引导指令,18赵琦航行系,雷达用语,恢复自主领航（航空器位置）（具体指令）RESUMEOWNNAVIGATION(positionofaircraft)(specificinstructions)恢复自主航行直飞（重要点），磁航迹（三位数）距离（数值）公里（或海里）RESUMEOWNNAVIGATIONDIRECT(significantpoint),MAGNETICTRACK(threedigits),DISTANCE(number)KILOMETERS(orMILES),一般雷达管制用语-雷达引导的终止,19赵琦航行系,雷达用语,左（或右）转三百六十度原因MAKEATREESIXTYTURNLEFT(orRIGHT)reason左（或右）转盘旋原因ORBITLEFT(orRIGHT)reason,一般雷达管制用语-机动飞行,20赵琦航行系,雷达用语,所有转弯以标准转弯率（或半数转弯率，或（数值）度每秒）转弯，根据“现在”命令开始和停止转弯MAKEALLTURNSRATEONE(orRATEHALF,or(number)DEGREESPERSECOND）STARTANDSTOPALLTURNSONTHECOMMAND“NOW”注：当机载指示方向的设备不可靠时使用。标准转弯是指以3/s转弯率，25坡度的转弯。,一般雷达管制用语-机动飞行,21赵琦航行系,雷达用语,现在左（或右）转TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)NOW现在停止转弯STOPTURNNOW如需明确说明上述机动飞行的原因，使用下列用语：,一般雷达管制用语-机动飞行,22赵琦航行系,雷达用语,a)因为活动DUETRAFFICb)因为间隔FORSPACINGc)为延迟FORDELAYd)飞向三边（或四边，或五边）FORDOWNWIND(orBASE,orFINAL),一般雷达管制用语-机动飞行,23赵琦航行系,雷达用语,报告速度REPORTSPEED*速度（数值）公里小时（或节）*SPEED(number)KILOMETERSPERHOUR(orKNOTS),一般雷达管制用语-速度调整,24赵琦航行系,雷达用语,保持或不小于（或不大于）（数值）公里小时（或节）直到（重要点）MAINTAIN(number)KILOMETERSPERHOUR(orKNOTS)ORGREATER(orLESS)UNTIL(significantpoint)不得超过（数值）公里小时（或节）DONOTEXCEED(number)KILOMETERSPERHOUR(orKNOTS),一般雷达管制用语-速度调整,25赵琦航行系,雷达用语,保持现在速度MAINTAINPRESENTSPEED增（或减）速到不小于（或不大于）（数值）公里小时（或节）INCREASE(orREDUCE)SPEEDTO(number)KILOMETERSPERHOUR(orKNOTS)GREATER(orLESS),一般雷达管制用语-速度调整,26赵琦航行系,雷达用语,速度增加（或减少）（数值）公里小时（或节）INCREASE(orREDUCE)SPEEDBY(number)KILOMETERSPERHOUR(orKNOTS)恢复正常速度RESUMENORMALSPEED减到最小进近速度REDUCETOMINIMUMAPPROACHSPEED,一般雷达管制用语-速度调整,27赵琦航行系,雷达用语,减到最小光洁速度REDUCETOMINIMUMCLEANSPEED无ATC速度限制NOATCSPEEDRESTRICTIONS,一般雷达管制用语-速度调整,28赵琦航行系,雷达用语,省略位置报告直到（注明）OMITPOSITIONREPORTSUNTIL(specify)下次在（重要点）报告NEXTREPORTAT(significantpoint)只在（重要点）报告REPORTSREQUIREDONLYAT(significantpoint(s)恢复位置报告RESUMEPOSITIONREPORTING,一般雷达管制用语-雷达管制时省略位置报告,29赵琦航行系,雷达用语,飞行活动在（数值）点方位。（距离）（飞行方向）其他相关信息TRAFFIC(number)OCLOCK(distance)(directionofflight)anypertinentinformation不明飞行UNKNOWN,一般雷达管制用语-飞行活动通报和避让行动,30赵琦航行系,雷达用语,慢速移动SLOWMOVING快速移动FASTMOVING接近CLOSING相对（或同向）飞行OPPOSITE(orSAME)DIRECTION,一般雷达管制用语-飞行活动通报和避让行动,31赵琦航行系,雷达用语,超越OVERTAKING从左向右（或从右向左）穿越CROSSINGLEFTTORIGHT(orRIGHTTOLEFT)机型(aircrafttype)高度(level)正在上升（或下降）CLIMBING(orDESCENDING),一般雷达管制用语-飞行活动通报和避让行动,32赵琦航行系,雷达用语,会聚converge分散diverge*请求引导*REQUESTVECTORS需要引导吗?DOYOUWANTVECTORS?没有影响相应指令CLEAROFTRAFFICappropriateinstructions,一般雷达管制用语-飞行活动通报和避让行动,33赵琦航行系,雷达用语,用于避让行动立即左（或右）转航向（三位数）避让（以时钟方位参考和距离定位）未识别的飞行活动TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)IMMEDIATELYHEADING(threedigits)TOAVOIDUNIDENTIFIEDTRAFFIC(bearingbyclock-referenceanddistance),一般雷达管制用语-飞行活动通报和避让行动,34赵琦航行系,雷达用语,立即左（或右）转（数值）度避让（以时钟方位参考和距离定位）未识别的飞行TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)(numberofdegrees)DEGREESIMMEDIATELYTOAVOIDUNIDENTIFIEDTRAFFICAT(bearingbyclock-referenceanddistance),一般雷达管制用语-飞行活动通报和避让行动,35赵琦航行系,雷达用语,（如果）失去无线电联络（指令）IFRADIOCONTACTLOST(instructions)如果（数字）分（或秒）内没有收到信号（指令）IFNOTRANSMISSIONRECEIVEDFOR(number)MINUTES(orSECONDS)(instructions)回答没有收到（指令）REPLYNOTRECEIVED(instructions),一般雷达管制用语-通讯和通讯失效,36赵琦航行系,雷达用语,如果怀疑失去无线电联络如果你能听到机动飞行指令或应答机代码（或特殊识别）IFYOUREADmanoeuverinstructionsorSQUAWKcode(orIDENT)（机动飞行（或应答机操作）看到了，现在的位置在（航空器位置），将继续雷达管制(manoeuver(orSQUAWK)OBSERVED,POSITION(positionofaircraft),WILLCONTINUERADARCONTROL,一般雷达管制用语-通讯和通讯失效,37赵琦航行系,雷达用语,雷达管制终止由于（原因）RADARCONTROLTERMINATEDDUE(reason)雷达服务终止（指令）RADARSERVICETERMINATED(instructions),一般雷达管制用语-雷达服务的终止,38赵琦航行系,雷达用语,将短时失去雷达识别（适当指令或情报）WILLSHORTLYLOSEIDENTIFICATION(appropriateinstructionsorinformation)识别丢失原因（指令）IDENTIFICATIONLOSTreasons(instructions),一般雷达管制用语-雷达服务的终止,39赵琦航行系,雷达用语,二次雷达不工作（必要的有关情报）SECONDARYRADAROUTOFSERVICE(appropriateinformationasnecessary)一次雷达不工作（必要的有关情报）PRIMARYRADAROUTOFSERVICE(appropriateinformationasnecessary),一般雷达管制用语-雷达设备工作情况,40赵琦航行系,雷达用语,雷达引导（进近类型）进近，跑道（数值）VECTORINGFOR(typeofpilot-interpretedaid)APPROACHRUNWAY(number)雷达引导目视进近，跑道（数值），能见机场（或跑道）报告VECTORINGFORVISUALAPPROACHRUNWAY(number)REPORTFIELD(orRUNWAY)INSIGHT,进近雷达管制服务-进近引导,41赵琦航行系,雷达用语,雷达引导到（起落航线位置）VECTORINGFOR(positioninthecircuit)不能（类型）进近（原因）（其他指令）(type)APPROACHNOTAVAILABLEDUE(reason)(alternativeinstructions),进近雷达管制服务-进近引导,42赵琦航行系,雷达用语,距（定位点）（数字）公里（或海里），左（或右）转航向（三位数值）POSITION(number)KILOMETERS(orMILES)from(fix)TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)HEADING(threedigits),进近雷达管制服务-引导做仪表进近,43赵琦航行系,雷达用语,你将在距（重要点或接地点）（距离）切入（无线电设施或航迹）YOUWILLINTERCEPT(radioaidortrack)(distance)FROM(significantpointorTOUCHDOWN)*请求（距离）五边*REQUEST(distance)FINAL注：当航空器驾驶员希望在距接地点特定距离加入五边时。,进近雷达管制服务-引导做仪表进近,44赵琦航行系,雷达用语,可以（类型）进近跑道（数字）CLEAREDFOR(type)APPROACHRUNWAY(number)建立MLS进近航迹或ILS航向道（或下滑道）报告REPORTESTABLISHEDONMLSAPPROACHTRACKorONILSLOCALIZER(orGLIDEPATH),进近雷达管制服务-引导做仪表进近,45赵琦航行系,雷达用语,从左（或右）靠近建立报告CLOSINGFROMLEFT(orRIGHT)REPORTESTABLISHED左（或右）转航向（三位数）切入（或建立报告）TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)(threedigits)TOINTERCEPT(orREPORTESTABLISHED),进近雷达管制服务-引导做仪表进近,46赵琦航行系,雷达用语,预计引导穿越（航向道或无线电导航台）（原因）EXPECTVECTORACROSS(localizercourseorradioaid)(reason)此转弯将引导你穿过（航向道或无线电导航台）原因THISTURNWILLTAKEYOUTHROUGH(localizercourseorradioaid)reason,进近雷达管制服务-引导做仪表进近,47赵琦航行系,雷达用语,引导你穿过（航向道或无线电导航台）原因TAKINGYOUTHROUGH(localizercourseorradioaid)reason保持（高度）切入下滑道MAINTAIN(altitude)UNTILGLIDEPATHINTERCEPTION建立下滑道报告REPORTESTABLISHEDONGLIDEPATH,进近雷达管制服务-引导做仪表进近,48赵琦航行系,雷达用语,切入（航向道或无线电导航台）建立报告INTERCEPT(localizercourseorradioaid)REPORTESTABLISHED,进近雷达管制服务-引导做仪表进近,49赵琦航行系,雷达用语,可以ILS（或MLS）进近，跑道（数字）左（或右）CLEAREDFORILS(orMLS)APPROACHRUNWAY(number)LEFT(orRIGHT),进近雷达管制服务-在独立和相关平行进近中的机动飞行,50赵琦航行系,雷达用语,你已穿过航向道（或MLS最后进近航迹），立即左（或右）转返回航向道（或MLS最后进近航迹）YOUHAVECROSSEDTHELOCALIZER(orMLSFINALAPPROACHTRACK).TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)IMMEDIATELYANDRETURNTOTHELOCALIZER(orMLSFINALAPPROACHTRACK),进近雷达管制服务-在独立和相关平行进近中的机动飞行,51赵琦航行系,雷达用语,ILS（或MLS）跑道（数字）左（或右）航向道（或MLS）频率（频率）ILS(orMLS)RUNWAY(number)LEFT(orRIGHT)LOCALIZER(orMLS)FREQUENCYIS(frequency),进近雷达管制服务-在独立和相关平行进近中的机动飞行,52赵琦航行系,雷达用语,当观察到航空器穿透了NTZ时避让行动立即左（或右）转（数字）度（或航向）（三位数字）避让偏离邻近进近航迹的飞行活动，上升到（高度）TURNLEFT(orRIGHT)(number)DEGREES(orHEADING)(threedigits)IMMEDIATELYTOAVOIDTRAFFICDEVIATINGFROMADJACENTAPPROACH,CLIMBTO(altitude),进近雷达管制服务-在独立和相关平行进近中的机动飞行,53赵琦航行系,雷达用语,立即上升到（高度）避让偏离邻近进近航迹的飞行活动。CLIMBTO(altitude)IMMEDIATELYTOAVOIDTRAFFICDEVIATINGFROMADJACENTAPPROACH,(furtherinstructions)注：在跑道起始端标高之上航空器高度低于120m（400ft），并且起始端应用了平行进近障碍物评估面（PAOAS）标准时，为避让采取的行动。,进近雷