通用拧紧规则

,Canbeloosenedwithoutdestruction,Highconstantclampload,Reliableachievementofdemandedclampload,Doesnotbecomelooseasaresultofoperationalforce,Demandsofaboltedjoint,Importanttighteningfactors,TorqueClamploadUnderheadfrictionSettlingThreadfriction,Influenceoffriction,Underheadandthreadfrictioninfluenceessentiallytheclampload,i.e.upto90%frictionlossesmayappearusingtorquecontrolledtighteningmethods,Factorsinfluencingclampload,Variationofassembly-clamploadfortorquecontrolledtightening,MaximumtorqueofthetighteningspindleandminimumfrictionFMmin,MinimumtorqueofthetighteningspindleandmaximumfrictionFMmin,Safeprocessfor:,Loadextensiondiagram(VDI2230),LengtheningShortening,LoadextensiondiagramVDI2230)withactingoperatingforce,FMClamploadfSMElongiationforceofthescrewfPMPressforceofthematerial(compressingofthematerial)fSAActingoperatingforcefPAReductionofpressforceFPAAxialforce,reliefoftheclampedpartsFKRResidualclamp-loadFSTotalforce(clamploadandoperatingforce)FAAxialscrew-forceFSAOperatingforce,Loadextensiondiagram(VDI2230)withsettlingeffect,fSMElongiationforceofthescrewfPMPressforceofthematerial(compressingofthematerial)FMClamp-loadFZAmountofclamp-loadfZReducedforcebecauseofsettlinginfluencesFVRemaingclamp-load,Clamp-loadvariationasafunctionoftorquevariation(fromVDI2230),Influenceoftighteningmethodandtighteningequipmentonaboltedjoint,Torquecontrolled(1),Overviewoftighteningmethods,(1),(2),(3),Yieldpointcontrolled(2),Anglecontrolled(3),Torquecontrolled,anglemonitored,Torquecontrolledtighteningmethod,Applicationexamples,Easyaccessiblemeasurement,Transmissionassembly,Useofstandardscrews,Re-useofscrews,Jointerrorsdetectable,Manifoldassembly,Wheelassembly,Yield-pointcontrolled,torque/anglemonitored,Yield-pointcontrolledtighteningmethod,Applicationexamples,Minimumfrictioninfluence,ABS-assembly,Lessclamp-loadvariation,Limitedre-useofscrews,Wheelhubassembly,Diskfly-whellassembly,Requirementsforyield-pointtightening,Jointmustbedesignedforyield-pointtightening,Boltreachesplasticelongation,Materialundertheboltheadorinthethreadisnotallowedtoflow,Threadfrictionmustbesiginificantlylessthantheunderheadfriction,Workpieceandspindlemustbefirmlymounted,Stickslipisnotallowedtooccour,Adjustmentoftheparametersmustbebasedonthetighteningtests(lengthmeasurements),Anglecontrolled,torquemonitored,Anglecontrolled-tighteningmethod,Minimumfrictioninfluence,Applicationexamples,Cylinder-headassembly,Lessclamp-loadfriction,Screwsnotre-useable,Caliperassembly,Description,Multi-stagetighteningmethodsingeneral,Throughmenu-drivenprogramming,tighteningsequencescanbefreelycreated,Easyadjustmentofthetighteningsequencesontheapplication,Interlinkofthestandardtighteningmethods,Freelydefineablemonitoringcriteriaineverytighteningstep,Description,Threadcuttingtighteningmethod,Searching“,torquecontrolled,Cutting“,anglecontrolled,Screw-in“,torque-controlled,Tightening“,torquecontrolledanglemonitored,Applicationexamples,Boltedjointwithsheetmetalscrews,T,Description,Screwinwithdepthcontrol,Screw-in“withdepthcontrol(externalswitch-offsignal),Screw-intorqueorfinaltorquearemonitored,Applicationexamples,Screw-inofadjustedscrews,Screw-inofstuds,Description,Recognitionofthreaddefects,Tightening1“,torquecontrolled,Applicationexamples,Withroughandbrittlematerials,Backout,anglecontrolled,torquemonitored,Tightening2“,torque-,angle-oryieldpointcontrolled(recognizingscuffing“),Description,Tighteningofstopandpinchingnuts,Searching“,torquecontrolled,Applicationexamples,Tighteningwithstopandpinchingnutsorencapsulatedscrews,Screw-in“,anglecontrolled,torquemonitored,Tightening“,torque,-angle-oryield-pointcontrolled,E,Description,Backout-re-tighteningmethod,Searching“,torquecontrolled,Applic