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Removingfinancingobstaclesthroughprojectstructuring,AntonioVivesManager,a.i.SustainableDevelopmentDepartmentInter-AmericanDevelopmentBank,AccesstoFinanceforLocalGovernmentsIVWorldWaterForumMarch17,2006,Outlineofthepresentation,ProjectpreparationProjectstructuring,NEEDS,Preparation,Structuring,Financing,Projectfinancecycle,Projectpreparation,OneofthemajorobstaclestowaterandsanitationfinanceisprojectpreparationLowinstitutionalcapacityAlocalaffair,sometimesremovedfromdecisionmakingcentersDifficultpoliticalandeconomicconditionsScarcityoffinancialresources:users,taxpayers,marketsProjectpreparationnotgiventhekeyrole,Projectpreparation,Donorsandmultilateralsfinancialinstitutionsmustemphasizesupportfortheearlystage.WeattheIDBhopetoapproveonMondayaProjectPreparationFundwithgrantsforcapacitybuildingandprojectpreparationDonorsshouldconsider“debtforwaterswaps”aspartoftheirofficialassistance.Bothwouldleverageotherfunds:“teachthemhowtofishinsteadofgivingthemfish”,Projectstructuring,FinancialstructuresadaptedtolocalrealitiesExploitallpossibilitiestomaximizesynergiesbetweenscarceresources:ownlabor,tariffs,donors,multilaterals,publicandprivateresourcesAtoneextreme,cooperatives,watermicroenterprises,municipalutilitiesInthemiddle,managementcontracts,foroperation,maintenance,collections,etc.Attheotherextreme,full-fledgedconcessions,Projectstructuring:localconditions,Willingnesstopay/localviewsTariffsustainabilitySiteandlocationInstitutionalcapacityFiscalspaceLegalframeworkPoliticalriskMacroeconomicconditions,Localconditions,Waterfinancingmodel,SesinFT3.40,Domingo19marzo,11:00amDiezmo4,Insummary,Projectpreparationandstructuringmaynotbeasourceoffunds,butcanhelpbringfundsandenhancethelongtermsustainabilityofwaterprojectsAllactors,allsources,allstructuresmustbeexplored,Removingfinancingobstaclesthroughprojectstructuring,AntonioVivesManager,a.i.SustainableDevelopmentDepart