英语人教版九年级全册Grammar Focus—4c.pptx

,Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?Period3(SectionAGrammar-4c),新目标版（Goforit）九年级上,Objectives,TolearnabouthowquestionsTolearnasentencepattern:v.+bywithgerund-HowdoyoulearnEnglish?-Ilearnbystudyingwithagroup.,ShelearnsEnglishbyworkingwithfriends.,ShelearnsEnglishbymakingwordcards.,Review-lookandsay,HelearnsEnglishbyreadingthetextbook.,HelearnsEnglishbymakingvocabularylists.,HelearnsEnglishbylisteningtotapes.,HelearnsEnglishbyaskingtheteacherforhelp.,HelearnsEnglishbywatchingTV.,ShelearnsEnglishbypracticingwithforeigners.,Freetalk,Talkaboutthewaysyoulearnothersubjects.Youcanusethefollowingphrasesandsentences.,HowdoyoulearnChinese/math/physics/chemistry?Doyoulearnhistoryandgeographyby_?,Grammarfocus,Readthesesentencespayingattentiontotheunderlinedparts.Istudybyworkingwithagroup.DoyoulearnEnglishbywatchingvideos?Trytoguessawordsmeaningbyreadingthesentencesbeforeandafterit.Youcanbecomebetterbyreadingsomethingyouenjoyeveryday.,“by+动名词”常常表示手段、方式或方法，可以用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。-HowdoyoulearnEnglish?-IlearnEnglishbywatchingEnglishmovies.,Howdoyoupracticespeaking?,Byhavingconversationswithfriends.,Howdoyoulearnnewwords?,Bymakingwordcards.,Howdoyouimproveyourwriting?,Bywritinge-mailstomypenpals.,Howdoyoupracticelistening?,Bylisteningtoatapeandrepeatingoutloud.,Howdoyouimproveyourpronunciation?,BywatchingEnglishprograms.,Howdoyoulearngrammar?,Bytakingnotes,doingexercisesandreadingalot.,Howdoyouimproveyourwriting?,BywritingdiariesinEnglish.,Howoftendoyouwriteadiary?,Howdoyouimproveyourlistening?,BylisteningtoVOA.,HowoftendoyoulistentoVOA?,Howdoyoukeephealthy?,Byexercising.,Howoftendoyouexercise?,定义:它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式:V-ing作用:动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。,动名词,动名词的基本用法,1.用作主语所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。e.g.Playingwithfireisdangerous.注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。,1)Itisnouse/good/useless+doing2)Itisawasteoftime+doing3)Itisfun+doing在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。e.g.Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收）Itisfunplayingwithchildren.和孩子们一起玩真好。,2.用作宾语,1)作动词的宾语常见的此类动词有：practise,enjoy,finish,giveup,cannothelp,keep,keepon,mind,miss,putoff,dependon,thinkabout,succeedin,worryabout,beusedto,getusedto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,等。e.g.Howdoyoupracticespeaking?Ihavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareport.,2)作介词的宾语1.IlearnEnglishbydoinggrammarexercises.2.Shallwehavearestorgetdowntodoingourwork?3.Hewaslateagainbecauseofgettinguplate.4.Lockthedoorsandwindowsbeforegoingout.5.What/Howaboutthetwoofusplayinggames？,1.Shecanthelp_(cry)after_(hear)thebadnews.2.Doyoufeellike_(have)abreak?,活学活用,hearing,having,crying,3)既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：remember,forget,regret,mean,try等，但表达的意义不同。e.g.Irememberseeingheratthehotel.我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了)Iwillremembertoseeheratthehotel.我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生),1.remember/forget/regret,todo动作尚未发生,doing动作已经发生,2.try,todo设法、努力去做，尽力,doing试试去做（看有何结果）,3.mean,todo打算做（主语一般是人）,doing意味着（主语一般是物）,5.stop,todo停下去做另外一件事,doing停止做手头的事情,4.regret,todo对将要做的事抱歉,doing对已经发生的事感到后悔,.作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。,e.g.Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.)WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.),动名词有时态和语态的变化。,动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例）,注意：动名词的否定形式是：notwriting,动名词的复合结构：动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构,Wouldyoumind_（我开窗户吗）?Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?my/me称为动名词的逻辑主语。IcantunderstandJack/Jacksleavinghiswife.Icantunderstandhis/himleavinghiswife.Jacks/Hisleavinghiswifeisunbelievable.,Howdoyoupracticespeaking?,BywatchingEnglishprograms.,Howdoyoulearnnewwords?,Howdoyouimproveyourwriting?,Howdoyouimproveyourpronunciation?,Howdoyoupracticelistening?,Howdoyoulearngrammar?,Bylisteningtoatapeandrepeatingoutloud.,Byhavingconversationswithfriends.,Bytakingnotes,doingexercisesandreadingalot.,Bymakingwordcards.,Bywritinge-mailstomypenpals.,Matchthequestionsandanswers,4a,Makesentencesusingthestructure“dosth.bydoing”withthesubjectsintheboxandinformationthatistrueforyou.,4b,Completethesestatements.Useinformationthatistrueforyou.,IliketopracticemyEnglishbytakingnotes/readingbooksandnewspapers/speakingEnglishwithmyclassmates/memorizingsentencepatterns.Iliketolearnmathby_.,Pairwork,Iliketopracticemyphysicsby_.d.Iliketoimprovemychemistryby_.e.IliketopracticemyChineseby_.Iliketoimprovemyhistoryandgeographyby_,Check()whatyoudotolearnEnglish.Theninterviewyourpartner.,A:DoyoulearnEnglishbydoinggrammarexercises?B:Yes,Ido.A:Howoftendoyoudothem?B:,4c,ShelearnsEnglish_.,根据所给图示用适当的词汇完成句子。,English-languageTV,bywatching,2.ShelearnsEnglish_.,byreadingthe,textbook,3.TheylearnEnglish_.,byaskingthe,teacherforhelp,4.ShelearnsEnglish_.,music,byenjoying,Englishsongs,根据提示，用含有by的短语完成下列各题：1.Comeandsit_（我旁边）2._（到上星期日）Ihadfinishedthebook3.Shecamehome_（乘飞机）4.Didyoumakethedesk_(独自）?5_（顺便问下）,howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?,byme,BylastSunday,byplane,byyourself,Bytheway,Exercises,6.Ithasbeenturnedintowater_（受热）7_（不久以后）,moreandmorepeoplebegantostudyEnglish.8.TheGreatWallwasbuilt_(用手)9.Then_(逐渐地)thesmokegrewheavierandthickeruntilfinallyitturnedintoaterribleGenie10.IfyoursonfeelswellenoughtowatchTV_（到那时）,hellbefineafterthegame,bytheheat,Byandby,byhand,littlebylittle,bythen,根据要求完成句子，每空一词。,MybrotherusuallystudiesEnglishbyworkingwithfriends.(对画线部分提问)_yourbrotherusuallystudyEnglish?2.Thisboyisntoldenoughtodothisjob.(改为同义句)Thisboyis_dothisjob.,tooyoungto,Howdoes,3.Cindyandhersisterdancedifferently.(改为同义句)Cindyandhersisterdance_ways.4.ThebestwayoflearningnewwordsisbyreadingEnglishmagazines.(改为同义句)Thebestway_newwordsisbyreadingEnglishmagazines.,different,in,tolearn,汉译英。1.我说英语的时候根本不怕犯错误。2.最糟糕的是他没带钥匙就把门锁上了。,ImnotafraidofmakingmistakesatallwhenIspeakEnglish.,Worstofall,helockedthedoorwithouttaki