水文与水资源水文预报课设报告

水文预报课程综合实训任务书 一、实训任务本次实训的任务主要包括以下两个方面：（一）编制伊河栾川以上流域降雨径流量预报方案（二）编制伊河栾川以上流域降雨径流过程预报方案二、实训目的水文预报课程是水文水资源专业的核心技能课程，通过水文预报综合实训，能进一步掌握水文预报的基本理论和基本方法，培养依据设计任务和所给资料，运用所学知识和规范，编制水文预报方案的专业技能，同时提高技术报告的编写能力和计算机的应用能力。在业务组织能力和实际工作能力方面得到全面锻炼，为毕业后直接顶岗参与水文预报工作奠定基础。三、流域概况（一）流域自然地理概况：伊河栾川水文站建于东径北纬33047，是伊河上游的第一个水文站，集水面积340平方公里，河长36.9公里，流域内属石山、林区、纵坡较陡、森林茂密，植被率在50%左右，土层覆盖较薄，表层土为壤土，下层为沙卵石，下渗能力较大，河道比降陡，河网密度大，河系呈扇形。伊河流域的气候变化，完全受季风的支配，每年的9月份以后季风逐渐南退，地方冷空气不断南下，则为北方冷高压所控制造成季风寒冷，雨雪稀少的干燥气候，6月份以后，夏季风开始活跃，南方暖湿空气不断袭来，形成了夏季炎热，而潮湿的多雨气候。 流域内各站多年平均降水量700800毫米，610月为汛期，汛期雨量占全年的60%以上，78月为暴雨期，暴雨历时短，强度大，一般降雨历时一至两天，超过三天以上很少出现，暴雨中心多在栾川、陶湾。伊河洪水为暴雨所形成，受降雨特性影响，洪水过程陡涨陡落，洪水多发生在 710月份，特大洪水发生在78月份。流域内水系和站网分布见下图。（二）流域内水系和站网分布：四、采用资料(一) 编制方案采用的资料有：1流域出口断面逐时流量；2流域内雨量站逐日降水量；3流域内雨量站逐时降水量；4实测蒸发皿日蒸发量。五、产流方案的编制各站累计雨量摘录表日期时间栾川站年月日起迄PP19647269163.1 3.1161811.0 14.118206.4 20.520225.7 26.2272243.4 29.6467.0 36.66814.6 51.28168.9 60.129168:400.1 60.2日期时间陶湾站年月日起迄PP196472611:40189.5 9.518206.5 16272047.7 23.74615.5 39.26818.0 57.281010.6 67.810124.5 72.312145.5 77.814166.7 84.516182.5 871818:402.5 89.5日期时间栾川站年月日起迄PP197874202219.5 19.522239.6 29.1 232417.5 46.6 5017.8 54.4 120.6 55.0 251.0 56.0 570.0 56.0 780.5 56.5 日期时间陶湾站年月日起迄PP197874202216.4 16.4222424.0 40.4 5029.0 49.4 246.5 55.9 日期时间陶湾站年月日起迄PP196672118201.3 1.3222438.0 39.3 220216.6 55.9 2452.3 108.2 4618.6 126.8 684.5 131.3 8107.7 139.0 10141.6 140.6 14160.0 140.6 161813.7 154.3 18220.0 154.3 2285.3 159.6 8140.0 159.6 2314160.8 160.4 1660.0 160.4 680.1 160.5 日期时间栾川站年月日起迄PP196672115:45160.9 0.916201.8 2.7 2020:500.0 2.7 20:50220.5 3.2 222442.7 45.9 22028.2 54.1 2439.3 93.4 466.4 99.8 680.0 99.8 8122.3 102.1 12145.9 108.0 1415:450.0 108.0 15:45160.2 108.2 16183.8 112.0 18191.0 113.0 1921:400.0 113.0 21:4084.0 117.0 23810:501.1 118.1 10:50140.0 118.1 14181.7 119.8 退水流量相应径流深计算表时间Qt (m/s)Q(m/s)Re(mm)050299.519.0 139.3249.515.9 231.5210.213.4 325.8178.711.4 421.5152.99.7 518.3131.48.3 615.8113.17.2 713.897.36.2 81283.55.3 910.371.54.5 109.161.23.9 118.152.13.3 127.2442.8 136.336.82.3 145.530.51.9 154.8251.6 164.120.21.3 173.616.11.0 183.112.50.8 192.69.40.6 202.16.80.4 211.64.70.3 221.23.10.2 230.81.90.1 240.51.10.1 250.30.60.0 260.20.30.0 270.10.10.0 28000.0 实测次洪径流计算表洪号月日时分流量时段长平均流量wW 7-26-16.0032.5 7107.1518.0041.0 2.00 36.7573.520.0053.6 2.00 47.394.624.0064.2 4.00 58.9235.627-02.0075.5 2.00 69.85139.704.0083.0 2.00 79.25158.506.00106.0 2.00 94.518907.00146.0 1.00 12612608.00198.0 1.00 17217209.00251.0 1.00 224.5224.510.00322.0 1.00 286.5286.510.30322.0 0.50 32216110.36323.0 0.10 322.532.2511.00320.0 0.40 321.5128.611.15320.0 0.25 3208011.30308.0 0.25 31478.512.00302.0 0.50 305152.513.00285.0 1.00 293.5293.514.00258.0 1.00 271.5271.515.00235.0 1.00 246.5246.516.00207.0 1.00 22122117.00190.0 1.00 198.5198.518.00174.0 1.00 18218220.00145.0 2.00 159.531924.00104.0 4.00 124.549828-02.0094.0 2.00 9919804.0079.5 2.00 86.75173.506.0070.0 2.00 74.75149.508.0066.8 2.00 68.4136.810.0058.3 2.00 62.55125.112.0052.8 2.00 55.55111.116.0044.2 4.00 48.519418.0043.0 2.00 43.687.220.0039.7 2.00 41.3582.722.0038.6 2.00 39.1578.300.0036.4 2.00 37.57529-04.0033.4 4.00 34.9139.608.0030.5 4.00 31.95127.812.0028.5 4.00 29.511816.0025.7 4.00 27.1108.430-00.0024.3 8.00 2520008.0023.0 8.00 23.65189.220.0018.7 12.00 20.85250.2实测次洪径流计算表洪号月日时分流量时段长平均流量wW07-04-20.0011.52781.09 22.0018.9215.230.40 23.0041.6130.2530.25 23.1671.50.2756.5515.27 23.2485.30.1378.410.19 23.36930.289.1517.83 05-00.00930.49337.20 00.301270.511055.00 01.001960.5161.580.75 01.302430.5219.5109.75 02.002430.5243121.50 03.002351239239.00 05.001782206.5413.00 06.241231.4150.5210.70 07.001070.611569.00 08.0093.21100.1100.10 09.0086.1189.6589.65 10.0072.2179.1579.15 12.0056.8264.5129.00 14.0048.8252.8105.60 17.0039343.9131.70 20.0036.5337.75113.25 06-00.0030.7433.6134.40 04.0024427.35109.40 08.0015.8419.979.60 20.0010.21213156.00 07-08.008.7129.45113.40 实测次洪径流计算表洪号月日时分流量时段长平均流量wW07-21-22.001.35306.39 23.002.1311.7151.72 23.126.940.24.5350.91 23.2418.60.212.772.55 23.3618.20.218.43.68 22-00.0032.10.425.1510.06 00.0636.90.134.53.45 00.24390.337.9511.39 00.3071.90.155.455.55 00.4194.60.283.2516.65 01.0080.30.3287.4527.98 01.2471.50.475.930.36 01.4894.60.483.0533.22 02.001320.2113.322.66 02.481680.8150120.00 02.541920.118018.00 03.002210.1206.520.65 03.123300.2275.555.10 03.304260.3378113.40 04.004830.5454.5227.25 04.125410.2512102.40 04.186400.1590.559.05 04.307820.2711142.20 04.407720.17777132.09 04.506450.17708.5120.45 05.005810.17613104.21 005.184640.3522.5156.75 05.304450.2454.590.90 05.453900.25417.5104.38 06.003550.25372.593.13 06.243480.4351.5140.60 06.303550.1351.535.15 06.503820.33368.5121.61 07.003550.17368.562.65 08.002521303.5303.50 08.302050.5228.5114.25 09.001770.519195.50 10.001491163163.00 11.001321140.5140.50 12.001141123123.00 13.0096.71105.35105.35 14.0083.4190.0590.05 16.0066.2274.8149.60 17.0058.7162.4562.45 17.3057.20.557.9528.98 18.0060.20.558.729.35 19.0077168.668.60 19.311140.595.547.75 20.001100.511256.00 21.0083.3196.6596.65 22.0083.3183.383.30 23-00.0072.4277.85155.70 04.0050.2461.3245.20 08.0035.7442.95171.80 20.0022.31229348.00 24-08.0015.81219.05228.60 12.0015.3415.5562.20 20.0012.4813.85110.80 23.0011.7312.0536.15 1964年1978年1966年R75.25 R0.00 R0.00 R初13.62 R初5.02R初0.16R末8.54 R末3.63R末5.15R70.17 R-1.39 R4.99 产流量计算表中用到了以下几个公式：时，蒸发在上层进行， 0时，上、下层都有蒸发 =0时，蒸发在下层进行， Wm=100mmWum=20mmWlm=80mmb=0.25Ke=0.96表格如下图所示洪号：产流量计算表日期P(mm)P平均Ew(mm)折减系数KeEmEuElEP-EWuWlWoRa年月日陶湾栾川mm19664223.2 9.8 6.5 8.9 0.96 8.5 6.5 6.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 233.8 2.1 3.0 3.4 0.96 3.3 3.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2427.8 32.5 30.2 0.0 0.96 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.97 0.00 250.0 0.2 0.1 2.7 0.96 2.6 2.6 2.6 20.0 9.2 29.2 264.8 0.96 4.6 4.6 4.6 17.5 9.2 26.7 276.8 0.96 6.5 6.5 6.5 12.9 9.2 22.1 2843.5 40.0 41.8 6.3 0.96 6.0 6.0 6.0 35.8 6.4 9.2 15.6 2.74 15.87 290.8 0.1 0.5 4.8 0.96 4.6 4.6 4.6 20.0 28.6 48.6 307.8 6.5 7.2 7.3 0.96 7.0 7.0 7.0 0.2 15.9 28.6 44.5 0.02 46.90 510.4 0.1 0.3 4.4 0.96 4.2 4.2 4.2 16.1 28.6 44.7 26.5 0.96 6.2 6.2 6.2 12.1 28.6 40.7 36.8 0.96 6.5 5.9 0.2 6.1 5.9 28.6 34.5 47.8 0.96 7.5 0.0 2.7 2.7 0.0 28.4 28.4 510.1 0.96 9.7 0.0 3.1 3.1 0.0 25.7 25.7 68.3 0.96 8.0 0.0 2.3 2.3 0.0 22.6 22.6 76.5 0.96 6.2 0.0 1.6 1.6 0.0 20.4 20.4 87.4 0.96 7.1 0.0 1.7 1.7 0.0 18.8 18.8 90.1 0.2 0.2 5.9 0.96 5.7 0.2 1.2 1.4 0.0 17.1 17.1 101.9 1.6 1.8 6.1 0.96 5.9 1.8 0.8 2.6 0.0 15.9 15.9 110.0 1.3 0.7 4.5 0.96 4.3 0.7 0.7 1.4 0.0 15.1 15.1 126.2 0.96 6.0 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.0 14.4 14.4 139.4 10.8 10.1 3.6 0.96 3.5 3.5 0.0 3.5 6.6 0.0 13.4 13.4 0.24 13.55 142.0 1.6 1.8 1.9 0.96 1.8 1.8 0.0 1.8 6.4 13.4 19.7 150.0 0.0 2.7 0.96 2.6 2.6 0.0 2.6 6.4 13.4 19.7 160.9 0.4 0.7 3.6 0.96 3.5 3.5 0.0 3.5 0.0 13.4 13.4 170.0 0.3 0.2 2.8 0.96 2.7 1.1 0.3 1.4 0.0 13.4 13.4 185.3 0.96 5.1 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.0 13.1 13.1 197.0 0.96 6.7 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 12.3 12.3 208.7 0.96 8.4 0.0 1.2 1.2 7.4 11.2 18.6 216.7 0.96 6.4 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.0 10.1 10.1 228.0 0.96 7.7 0.0 0.9 0.9 0.0 9.3 9.3 2310.9 0.96 10.5 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.0 8.4 8.4 241.6 0.7 1.2 8.7 0.96 8.4 1.2 0.7 1.9 0.0 7.3 7.3 251.2 0.7 1.0 3.5 0.96 3.4 1.0 0.2 1.2 0.0 6.6 6.6 262.9 0.96 2.8 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 6.4 6.4 2720.6 16.6 18.6 0.0 0.96 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.6 0.0 6.2 6.2 0.61 6.25 280.0 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.96 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.4 18.0 6.2 24.2 294.6 0.96 4.4 4.4 0.0 4.4 17.7 6.2 23.9 303.7 0.96 3.6 3.6 0.0 3.6 13.3 6.2 19.5 315.2 0.96 5.0 5.0 0.0 5.0 9.7 6.2 15.9 615.3 0.96 5.1 4.7 0.0 4.7 4.7 6.2 11.0 26.8 0.96 6.5 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 6.2 6.2 311.8 0.96 11.3 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.0 5.7 5.7 413.0 0.96 12.5 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.0 4.9 4.9 510.1 0.96 9.7 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 4.1 4.1 610.3 0.96 9.9 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.0 3.6 3.6 712.1 0.96 11.6 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 3.2 3.2 80.0 0.1 0.1 11.6 0.96 11.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.0 2.7 2.7 90.0 0.1 0.1 7.4 0.96 7.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 2.3 2.3 100.0 0.3 0.2 10.0 0.96 9.6 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.0 2.1 2.1 1110.7 0.96 10.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 1.9 1.9 1210.3 0.96 9.9 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 1.6 1.6 130.4 0.0 0.2 11.5 0.96 11.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0 1.4 1.4 147.7 0.96 7.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.2 1.2 150.4 2.4 1.4 3.8 0.96 3.6 1.4 0.0 1.4 0.0 1.1 1.1 1610.0 0.96 9.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.1 1.1 170.0 0.0 0.0 11.4 0.96 10.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.0 1.0 188.4 0.96 8.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.8 1912.7 0.96 12.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.7 2014.5 0.96 13.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.6 2114.6 0.96 14.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.5 2226.0 0.0 13.0 14.0 0.96 13.4 13.0 0.0 13.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 230.0 9.3 4.7 9.7 0.96 9.3 4.7 0.0 4.7 0.0 0.4 0.4 240.0 0.0 0.0 3.2 0.96 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 2510.2 0.96 9.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 263.0 2.7 2.9 5.4 0.96 5.2 2.9 0.0 2.9 0.0 0.3 0.3 2715.1 19.3 17.2 5.1 0.96 4.9 4.9 0.0 4.9 12.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.16 0.33 281.6 3.7 2.7 1.4 0.96 1.3 1.3 0.0 1.3 1.3 12.1 0.3 12.5 0.04 12.63 293.0 5.7 4.4 1.6 0.96 1.5 1.5 0.0 1.5 2.8 13.4 0.3 13.8 0.09 13.98 306.1 0.96 5.9 5.9 0.0 5.9 16.2 0.3 16.5 717.0 0.96 6.7 6.7 0.0 6.7 10.3 0.3 10.6 210.3 0.96 9.9 3.6 0.0 3.6 3.6 0.3 3.9 30.4 0.8 0.6 10.2 0.96 9.8 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.3 44.4 3.1 3.8 4.5 0.96 4.3 3.8 0.0 3.8 0.0 0.3 0.3 53.0 2.8 2.9 0.1 0.96 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 2.8 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.01 0.27 61.9 0.9 1.4 0.4 0.96 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.4 1.0 2.8 0.3 3.1 0.01 3.07 78.7 0.96 8.4 3.8 0.0 3.8 3.8 0.3 4.1 89.3 0.96 8.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 95.5 0.96 5.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.96 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 119.1 0.96 8.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 1212.0 0.96 11.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 139.7 0.96 9.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 140.9 1.3 1.1 8.2 0.96 7.9 1.1 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 158.0 0.96 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 167.9 0.96 7.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 1711.4 0.96 10.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 1810.5 0.96 10.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 1913.4 0.96 12.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 2012.3 53.0 32.7 11.2 0.96 10.8 10.8 0.0 10.8 21.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.50 0.06 21131.3 99.8 115.6 1.6 0.96 1.5 1.5 0.0 1.5 114.0 21.3 0.1 21.4 35.46 21.91 2228.3 19.8 24.1 2.4 0.96 2.3 2.3 0.0 2.3 21.7 20.0 80.0 100.0 21.71 124.78 230.9 1.8 1.4 0.5 0.96 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.9 20.0 80.0 100.0 0.87 125.00 洪号：产流量计算表日期P(mm)P平均Ew(mm)折减系数KeEmEuElEP-EWuWlWoRa年月日陶湾栾川mm197842012.38.510.4 0.4 0.960.4 0.4 0.0 0.4 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.10 0.00 210.0 0.0 0.0 2.8 0.962.7 2.7 0.0 2.7 9.9 0.0 9.9 220.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.961.9