译林牛津模块七Unit4 Grammar and usage.ppt

Unit3,Grammarandusage,Phrasalverbs,Aphrasalverbismadeupofaverband/forapreposition.Somephrasalverbsareseparable,whileothersarenot.,Whatisaphrasalverb?,LondonTransporthopestotryoutthesysteminSeptember.LondonTransporthopestotrythesystemoutinSeotember.,1.Inaphrasalverb,theadverbcangobeforeoraftertheobject.,Comparethefollowingsentencesandtellthepartofspeechofeachunderlinedword.,Helookedaroundandsawnothing.,Sheislookingaftertheoldladycarefully.,Inthetwosentences,aroundisanadverbwhileafterisapreposition.,Shewassoillthatitseemedunlikelythatshewouldpullthrough.,Hehasgonethroughadifficulttimerecently.,Herethefirstthroughisanadverbwhilethesecondthroughisapreposition.,Anadverboraprepositionisusedtomakeupaphrasalverb.,Theadverbcangobeforeoraftertheobjectinaphrasalverb.,Pleaselookthewordupinthedictionary.,Pleaselookupthewordinthedictionary.,Theyputontheirsafetyhelmetsbeforestartingtowork.,Theyputtheirsafetyhelmetsonbeforestartingtowork.,Aphrasalverbwithanadverbdoesnotalwayshaveanobject.Thefirebrokeoutatmidnight.Sixteenyearslater,in1884,theMetropolitanRailwayCompanyandtheMetropolitanDistrictRailwatlinkedup.,Inaphrasalwithapreposition,theobjectoftheprepositionalwaysafterit.Sometimespeopleaskfortravelinformationfromtravelagencies.TheVictoriawaslinkedwithotherlinesatalmosteverystation.,Thespecialtrainpulledinat9a.m.,Pricesofvegetableshavegoneuprecently.,Icalledyouseveraltimeslastnight,butIcouldntgetthrough.,Ifyouactlikethis,youwillgetintotrouble.,Thepolicemenarelookingintoacase.,Therubbishgaveoffaterriblesmell.,Sometimeswecanaddaprepositionaftertheadverbinaphrasalverb.,Icantputupwithhimanylonger.,Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromher.,Sheoftenlooksbackuponherbitterlifeintheoldsociety.,Wemustcatchupwiththem.Letsfaceuptothesituation.Yourideasfitinwithmine.Letsgetdowntoourbusiness.Wellgetthroughwiththeprojectnextmonth.Hegaveintothewishofthemajority.,verb+adverb+preposition,Yourlonganswerjust_(增加)arefusal.Youshall_(改掉)suchhabits.Youmust_(继续)yourwork.Thecastle_(追溯)the14thcentury.,verb+adverb+preposition,addsupto,breakawayfrom,carry/goonwith,datesbackto,Manyphrasalverbshavemorethanonemeaning.Doyouknowthemeaningsofthephrasalverbsinthefollowingsentences?,(1)Hisaccentgiveshimawayasasoutherner.,出卖，泄露秘密,(2)Hegaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.,赠送,(3)Theygaveawaytheirlastchanceofwinningthematch.,送掉，放弃,(4)Themayorgaveawaytheprizesattheschoolsportsday.,颁发,(5)Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.,欺骗,(6)Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.,收容,(7)Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.,吸收,(8)IhopeyouretakinginwhatImsaying.,理解,(9)Shepaysthebillsbytakinginwashing.,在家承接（活计等）,动词短语还可以分为以下几类：,除了以上所提到的动词短语的几种类型外:,1.不及物动词+介词,2.动词+副词,3.动词+副词+介词,4.动词+名词+介词,常见短语有:takecareof照顾，照料;makeroomfor给腾地方;makefriendswith与交朋友;playajokeon戏弄某人;havealookat看一看;saygoodbyeto告辞,5.be动词+形容词+介词,常见短语有:belatefor迟到beangrywith生气bebusywith忙于beshortfor是的简称beinterestedin对感兴趣befamousfor因而著名begoodat擅长bedifferentfrom与不同begood/badfor对有益/害befriendlyto对友好,6.动词+反身代词+介词,常见短语有:helponeselfto随便吃giveoneselfto热心于occupyoneselfwith忙于,dressoneselfin穿着devoteoneselfto专心,致力于,献身,throwoneselfto投身于,1.Itwastoodark,andIcouldntmakeoutthewordswrittenonthewall.2.Icantmakeoutwhatthearticlesays.3.Hemadeoutthathewasafamousdoctor.4.Shemadeoutachequeandhandedittome.,a.writeincompleteformb.statesth.thatmaynotbetruec.see/hearsth.d.understandsth.(negative/question),Pleasematch,Checktheanswers(P57A):,1.lookingafter2.call,back3.dealwith4.lookaround5.decideon6.put,ingup8.put,through,B:,takeoff,takeup,giveup,giveout,lookup,lookinto,高考链接,1.(2010全国)Ihave_allmypapersbutIstillcantfindmynotes.A.lookedthroughB.lookedforC.lookedafterD.lookedout,2.(2010江苏)Haveyou_somenewideas?Yeah.Illtellyoulater.A.comeaboutB.comeintoC.comeupwithD.comeoutwith,3.(2010江苏)Doyouthinkthathousingpricewillkeep_intheyearstocome?Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.liftingupB.goingupC.bringingupD.growingup,4.(2008福建)Thenewsofthemayorscomingtoourschoolforavisitwasontheradioyesterday.A.turnedoutB.foundoutC.givenoutD.carriedout,5.(2010陕西)Wehadwantedtofinishourtaskbynoon,butitdidntquite.A.findoutB.giveoutC.handoutD.workout,6.(2010四川)ItwassodarkinthecinemathatIcouldhardly_myfriend.A.turnoutB.bringoutC.calloutD.pickout,7.(2010浙江)Wouldyouplease_thisformformetoseeifIvefilleditinright?A.takeoffB.lookafterC.giveupD.goover,8.(2010湖北)Ifwecanourpresentdifficulties,theneverythingshouldbeallright.A.comeacrossB.getoverC.comeoverD.getoff,9.(2010安徽)Didntyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?OfcourseIdid.Asamatteroffact,Ihadsuchfunthattimeseemedto_soquickly.gobyB.goawayC.gooutD.goover,10.(2010山东)Itsthesortofworkthat_ahighlevelofconcentration.A.callsforB.makesupC.liesinD.standsfor,I.Multiplechoice:,Theworldis_sevencontinentsandfouroceans.,A.madeupofB.madeoutofC.madefromD.madein,2.Ireallydontwanttogototheparty,butIdontseehowIcan_it.,A.getbackfromB.getoutofC.getawayD.getoff,3.Youdbetter_somemoneyforspecialuse.,A.pickupB.setasideC.putoffD.giveaway,4.Canyoumakeasentenceto_themeaningofthephrase?,A.showoffB.turnoutC.bringoutD.takein,5.Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread,butplease_thebookswhenyouvefinishedwiththem.,putonB.putdownC.putbackD.putoff,6.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.Itstimeforustoourstudies.,A.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover,7.Itstenyearssincethescientist_onhislifesworkofdiscoveringthevaluablechemical.,madeforB.setoutC.tookoffD.turnedup,8.Theforestguardsoftenfindcampfiresthathavenotbeen_completely.,turneddownB.putoutC.putawayD.turnedover,9.Heaccidentally_hehadquarreledwithhiswifeandthathehadntbeenhomeforacoupleofweeks.,letoutB.tookcareC.madesureD.madeout,10._fortheglass!,ItsOK.Imwearingshoes.,LookoutB.WalkoutC.GooutD.Setout,11.Unfortunately,noteveryonehasrealizedtheimportantpartthebalanceofnature_theirdailylife.,A.playsinB.playingC.playsofD.toplayin,12.Thestudentsstudiedhard.Theywere_forknowledge.,A.worryB.worriedC.eagerD.curious,13.Shedevotedherself_theproblemsoftheteenagers.,A.instudyingB.atstudyingC.tostudyD.tostudying,II.Translation:,当他年纪大了,他一定会把他的生意移交给他儿子的。,Itiscertainthathewillhandoverhisbusinesstohissonwhenhegetsold.,2.即使上学占据了她白天大部分的时间,她也经常帮助她的母亲。,Shealwayshelpshermothereventhoughgoingtoschooltakeupmostofherday.,3.一旦做出了决定,我们所有的人都要坚持。,Onceadecisionhasbeenmade,allofusshouldsticktoit.,4.我们必须尽可能快地收麦子,因为风暴就要来了。,Wehavetogetinthewheatassoonaspossiblebecauseastormisontheway.,5.我正在和玛丽谈话,这时侯汤姆插话了。,IwasjusttalkingtoMarywhenTomcutin.,6.这张照片是很久前拍的,我不知道你是否能辨认出我父亲。,Thispicturewastakenalongtimeago.Iwonderifyoucanpickoutmyfather.,Languagepoints,1.putthrough,(1)putsb.through(TELEPHONE)phrasalverb,toconnectapersonusingatelephonetothepersontheywanttospeakto:,Couldyouputmethroughtocustomerservices,please?,你能帮我把电话接通到顾客服务热线吗?,(2)putsb.throughsth.(BADEXPERIENCE)phrasalverb,tomakesomeoneexperiencesomethingunpleasantordifficult:,Imsorrytoputyouthroughthisordeal.,我很抱歉让你经受这种折磨。,2.decideon,decideonsth./sb.phrasalverb,tochoosesomethingorsomeoneaftercarefulthought:,Ivedecidedonblueforthebathroom.,我决定浴室用兰色。,lookround(somewhere/sth.)phrasalverb,tovisitaplaceandlookatthethingsinit:,Shespenttheafternoonlookingroundtheshops.,她花了一个下午逛商店。,4.putoff,putsth.off(DELAY)phrasalverb,todecideorarrangetodelayaneventoractivityuntilalatertimeordate:,3.lookaround/round,Themeetinghasbeenputoffforaweek.,+ingformofverbIcantputoffgoingtothedentistanylonger.,会议推迟了一个星期。,我再也不能推迟到牙医那儿去了。,5.turnup,turnup(somewhere)(APPEAR)phrasalverbINFORMAL,toarriveorappearsomewhere,usuallyunexpectedlyorinwaythatwasnotplanned:,Doyouthinkmanypeoplewillturnup?,你认为会有许多人来吗?,(2)turnupphrasalverb,Ifsomethingthatyouhavebeenlookingforturnsup,youfinditunexpectedly:,Themissinglettereventuallyturnedupinsideabook.,下落不明的信最终在一本书里出现了。,(3)turnsth.up(FOLD)phrasalverb,tomakeapieceofclothingorpartofapieceofclothingshorter,byfoldingthematerialandsewingitintoposition:,Heturnedhissleevesup.,他把衣袖卷起。,6.fillin,(1)fillsth.in/out(WRITE)phrasalverb,towritethenecessaryinformationonanofficialdocument:,tofillinaform,填写表格,ImnotherregularsecretaryImjustfillingin.,(2)fillin(REPLACE)phrasalverb,todosomeoneelsesworkforthembecausetheycannotorwillnotdoitthemselves:,我不是她的固定秘书我只是临时代替。,7.splitup,split(DIVIDE)verb(splitting,split,split),IorTto(causeto)divideintotwoormoreparts,especiallyalongaparticularLine:,Theprizewassplitbetweenthem.,这笔奖金在他们之间平分了。,Theteachersplitthechildren(up)intothreegroups.,老师把孩子们分成三个小组。,8.CouldIspeaktothepublicrelationsofficer?,这是一句交际用语，多用于打电话。,canIspeaktoMrWang,please?,高考链接,_,Whoareyou?B.ImWangC.Speaking.D.AreyouJohn?,(2010全国),9.enquirynounCorUUK,USALSOinquiry,(1)(theprocessofasking)aquestion:,Ivebeenmakinginquiriesabout/intothecostoftravellingabroad.,我一直在打听出国的费用。,(2)Canofficialprocesstodiscoverthefactsaboutsomethingbadthathashappened:,Heisholdinganenquiryintoacase.,他正在对一桩案件进行调查。