被动语态的讲解与练习.ppt

被动语态的复习及延伸,学习目标1.复习被动语态的基本用法。2.延伸拓展被动语态的特殊用法,复习被动语态(PassiveVoice),语态共有两种：主动语态(activevoice)被动语态(passivevoice)WespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbyus.,被动语态的基本构成形式：,主语+be+done(过去分词),WespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbyus.2.Thenursetakegoodcareofus.Wearetakencareofbythenurse.3.Myparentsloveme.Iamlovedbymyparents.,一.一般现在时的被动语态：,amisare,+p.p.(过去分词),检测1.一般现在时(am/isare+done),1.LiMingdrivesthebusthroughthecity.Thebus_byLiMingthroughthecity.2.Theylookafterthechildrenwell.Thechildren_well_bythem.3.Thepolicemanstopsusatthestation.We_bythepolicemanatthestation.4.Hisfathertellsthemastoryeveryday.They_astoryeveryday.5.Theysellfruiteveryday.Fruit_by_everyday.,isdriven,arelookedafter,arestopped,aretold,issoldthem,Hewrotetheletter.Theletterwaswrittenbyhim.2.Theylookedafterthebabies.Thebabieswerelookedafterbythem.,二.一般过去时的被动语态：,waswere,+p.p.(过去分词),检测2.一般过去式(was/were+done),1.LiMingdrovethebusthroughthecity.Thebus_byLiMingthroughthecity.2.Theylookedafterthechildrenwell.Thechildren_well_bythem.3.Thepolicemanstoppedusatthestation.We_bythepolicemanatthestation.,wasdriven,werelookedafter,werestopped,Ihavewrittenaletter.,Aletter,hasbeenwritten,byme.,Hehasforgottenmanythings.,Manythings,havebeenforgotten,byhim.,三.现在完成时的被动语态：,have,has,+been,+p.p.(过去分词),检测3.现在完成时have(has)+been+done,1.Thedoctorhassavedmanypeopleslives.Manypeopleslives_bythedoctor.2.Thecleanershaventcollectedtherubbish.Therubbish_bythecleanersyet.3.Theyhavesoldoutthemagazines.Themagazines_by_.4.Someonehasjustbrokentheglass.Theglass_just_bysomeone.5.Theyhaveshownusthepictures.Thepictures_tousbythemWe_thepicturesbythem.,havebeensaved,hasntbeencollected,havebeensoldout,them,hasbeenbroken,havebeenshown,havebeenshown,Iwillwritealetter.Aletterwillbewrittenbyme.2.Hewillforgetmanythings.Manythingswillbeforgottenbyhim.,四.一般将来时的被动语态：,will,shall,+be,+p.p.(过去分词),begoingto,检测4“begoingto”begoingto+be+done,1.Heisgoingtowritedownthestory.Thestoryisgoingto_downby_.2.Theyaregoingtobuildthebridge.Thebridgeisgoingto_bythem.3.Shewasgoingtoreadthebook.Thebookwasgoingto_by_4.HisbrotherisgoingtospeakEnglishinclass.Englishisgoingto_byhiminclass.5.YouaregoingtoanswerthephonefromShanghai.ThephonefromShanghaiisgoingto_byyou.,bewritten,him,bebuilt,beread,her,bespoken,beanswered,Icanwritealetter.Alettercanbewrittenbyme.2.Hemustforgetthepast.Thepastmustbeforgottenbyhim.,五.情态动词的被动语态：,can,must,may,+be,+p.p.(过去分词),检测5.情态动词被动语态,1.Youmustreturnthebookstohimatonce.Thebooks_tohimatonce.2.Hecanfinishtheworkintwodays.Thework_by_intwodays.3.Weshouldcleanthemachineeveryday.Themachine_everyday.4.Theymayfixthecarinthreedays.Thecar_by_inthreedays.5.Shewillbuyanotherbikesoon.Anotherbike_by_soon.,mustbereturned,canbefinishedhim,shouldbecleaned,maybefixedthem,willbeboughther,2.Sheispaintingapicture.Apictureisbeingpaintedbyher.,3.Theyarerepairingthedesks.Thedesksarebeingrepairedbythem.,六.现在进行时的被动语态-,amisare,+being,+p.p.(过去分词),Heislaughingatme.Iambeinglaughedatbyhim.,Iwaswritingaletter.Aletterwasbeingwrittenbyme.2.Hewasrepairingthedesks.Thedeskswerebeingrepairedbyhim.,七.过去进行时的被动语态-,was,were,+being,+p.p.(过去分词),被动语态句子结构:be+done(pp.),1.(一般现在时被动式)am/is/are+done2.(一般过去时被动式)was/were+done3.(现在完成时被动式)have/has/had+been+done4.(一般将来时被动式)shall/will/would/+be+done5.(情态被动式)can/could/may/might/must/should/+be+done6.(现在进行时被动式)am/is/are/+being+done7.(过去进行时被动式)was/were+being+done,八.主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况1.有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。1)Iheardhimsinglastnight.Hewasheardtosinglastnight.2)Wesawhimwalkintothebuilding.Hewasseentowalkintothebuilding.3)Thebossmadethemwork10hoursaday.Theyweremadetowork10hoursaday.4)Theywatchthechildrensingthatmorning.Thechildrenwerewatchedtosingthatmorning.,检测6.,1.Hesawherworkintheoffice.She_intheoffice.2.ShewatchesKenworkhardonthemodel.Ken_hardonthemodel.3.Weheardhimsingintheroom.He_intheroombyus.4.Ifeltsomeonecominguptome.Someone_uptome.5.Thedoctoraskedhertotakethemedicineintime.Shewas_themedicineintime.,iswatchedtowork,wasseentowork,isheardtosing,wasfeltcoming,askedtotake,主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况2.带双宾的被动语态1)Someonegavetheboyanapple.(间接宾语)(直接宾语)Anapplewasgiventotheboy.Theboywasgivenanapple.2)Hisfatherboughthimapresent.Apresentwasboughtforhim.Hewasboughtapresent.,双宾语的句子，被动语态有两句，物做主语,人前加to，动词是buy，人前加for,showsthtosb/showsbsthsthisshowntosb.sbisshownsth2.givesthtosb/givesbsthsthisgiventosbsbisgviensth3.bringsthtosb/bringsbsthsthisbroughttosbsbisbroughtsth,4.buysthforsb/buysbsthsthisboughtforsbsbisboughtsth5.makesthforsb/makesbsthsthismadeforsb,检测7.双宾的被动语态,1.Hehasgivenussomeadvice.We_someadvice.Someadvice_tousbyhim.2.Shetaughtusthesong.We_thesongby_.Thesong_byher.3.Heshowedmehisstamps.I_hisstampsbyhim.Hisstamps_byhim.,havebeengiven,hasbeengiven,weretaught,her,wastaughttous,wasshown,wereshown,tome,4.Hedneverwriteheraletter.Shewouldnever_aletterbyhim.Aletterwouldnever_byhim.5.Heboughtmeabookyesterday,I_abookbyhimyesterday.Abook_byhimyesterday.,bewritten,bewrittentoher,wasbought,wasboughtforme,F.主动形式表被动意义1.不及物动词无被动语态,常和well/easily连用。如：write,wash,sell,read,drive,cook等Thepenwriteswell.这钢笔很好写。Theseshoeswearwell.这鞋子很好穿。Thiskindofclothwashesverywell.这种布料很耐洗。Thecardriveswell.这车很好开。Thebooksellswell.,主动形式表被动意义2.感官动词/连系动词+形容词不用被动语态如：look,smell,taste,sound,become,seem,turn,+形容词Theflowerssmellverysweet.Thefishtastesgood.Theideasoundsgood.3.某些动词(词组)中，用-ing形式作宾语，表示被动含义.如need,beworth,Theradioneedsrepairing/toberepaired.TheGreatWallisworthseeing/tobeseen.,a.Iwillsendthislettertohisschoolsoon.-Hisschoolwillbesentthislettertobymesoon,b.Doeshewatertheflowerseveryday?-Istheflowerswateredbyhimeveryday?,c.DidTomchooseyourchoice?-IsyourchoicechosenbyTom?,d.Hedidntborrowabookfromyou.-Abookwasntborrowedfromyoubyhe.,e.Hedidntborrowabookfromyou.-Abookwasntborrowfromyoubyhim.,当堂训练：Exercises一、改正下列被动语态句中的错误,a找承受者时，要找第一个行为动词后的宾语,dby的后面人称要用宾格,e谓语动词一定要改为过去分词,b/c注意be动词人称与数的变化，时态要保持一致,Thisletter,Are,Was,him,borrowed,f.Thepolicemanmadetheyoungwomanmovehercar.Theyoungwomanwasmademovehercarbythepoliceman.g.Youmusthandinyourhistoryhomeworkbytheweekend.Yourhistoryhomeworkmustbehandedbytheweekendh.Hermotherboughtheranewwatchasareward.Anewwatchwasboughtherasarewardbyhermother.,f不带to的不定式，被动语态要加to,g动词词组的被动语态必须要写完整词组,h双宾语，物做主语,人前加to，动词是buy，人前加for,tomove,handedin,forher,检测8.一般疑问句,1.Didyoucleantheclassroom?_theclassroom_byyou?2.Doessheoftendohomeworkathome?_homeworkoften_byherathome?3.Haveyoudrivenyourcarhere?_yourcar_byyouhere?4.Hassheseenthefilm?_thethefilm_byher?5.ShallIeattheapple?_theapple_byme?,Was,cleaned,Is,done,Has,beendriven,Has,beenseeen,Will,beeaten,6.Willtheyputuptheirhands?_theirhands_upbythem?7.Mustshesendtheletter?_theletter_byher?8.Wouldtheyrepairthebike?_thebike_bythem?9.Doesyourmotherletyouplaythepiano_you_thepianobyyourmother?10.Dotheymakehimstudyhard?_he_hardbythem?,Will,beput,Mus