IEC光伏组件安全鉴定

Learn General Secretary on two to learn a strengthening four Consciousnesses important speech caused a strong reaction in the country. Time, watching red treasure, the origin of building the party back to power, how to strengthen services for the masses, improve party cohesion, fighting to become the grass-roots party members and masses hot topic. Grass-roots party organizations two is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres, the pioneer spirit. Distribution of grass-roots party organizations in all walks of people, clothing, shelter, which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses. Strengthen the party ahead of the pedal spirit; strengthen the party members and cadres success does not have to be me and the first to bear hardships, the last to service spirit to set the partys positive image among the people is important. Grass-roots party organizations two is to cleanse all people not happy not to see stereotypes, establish the honest faithful, diligent faith for the people. No need to avoid mentioning that, some members of our party can not stand the money, corrosion of temptation, thin, Xu Zhou, such abuse and corrupt bribery, malfeasance borers, and rats. Two, is to clean up, thin, Xu, Zhous solution to restore the partys fresh and natural, solid and honest work style. Cleansing take, eat, card, undesirable and behaviour, cross, hard and cold, push attitude. Grass-roots party organizations two is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members, participating in consciousness, unity consciousness. For reasons known, members of grass-roots party branches less mobile, less resources, and the construction of party organizations have some lag. Two studies, is to focus on the grass-roots party branches loose, soft, loose problem, advance the party members and cadres, a gang working, Hong Kong report. Strong cleanup actions, style and rambling, presumptuous unqualified party members, pays special attention to party members and cadres joining party of thought problem. Party building is obtained in the long-term development of our partys historical experience accumulated. Two is our party under the new historical conditions, strengthen the partys construction of a new rectification movement. Grass-roots party organizations should always catch the hard work, results-oriented. Two educational outcomes are long-term oriented and become an important impetus for the work. Two should have three kinds of consciousness two study and education, basic learning lies in the doing. Only the Constitution address the series of party rules, and do solid work, be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis. Only the learning and do real unity, to form a learn-learn-do-do the virtuous cycle, and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education. This requires that the Organization光伏组件安全鉴定 EN/IEC 61730-1&2测试要求 说明：IEC61730的这太阳能电池规范描述了太阳能电池基本的结构要求，从而保证太阳能电池在其使用期内，在电工和机械方面工作时的安全性。标准中有明确的主题来评定由于机械和环境的作用而导致的电击、火灾、人身伤害的阻止措施。IEC61730-1的这一部分适用于结构的特殊要求。IEC61730-2概述了实验的要求。这一标准试图给各种应用种类的太阳能电池规定一个基本的要求，但它不可能包含所有国家或地域性的构造规则。这一标准不含有海上和交通工具上应用的太阳能电池要求。这一标准不适用于交流太阳能电池。这一标准的构思要使得它的测试顺序与IEC61215或者IEC61646的测试顺序相同，从而使得一组样品可以同时用来评估太阳能电池设计的安全性和性能。这一规范是保证(在IEC61730-2测试下已经安全的)太阳能电池基础结构的一个基本指导。这些要求用以减小误用或者错误使用组件，或者使得内部构件的损坏(从而可能导致火灾、电击、人身伤害.等相关安全危害)。这一规范说明了安全结构的基本要求并且有那些与太阳能电池最终使用的相关实验。IEC61730-1说明：本标准适用于太阳光电(PV)模块之基本构造要求，以便在预期之寿命中提供安全电气与机械操作。评估由机械与环境应力所产生之电击、失火与个人伤害之预防。尝试定义太阳光电模块各种应用等级之基本要求，但并不包含所有国家或地区之建筑法规，不涵盖船舶与汽车应用之特定要求。本标准不适用于具有整合之交流变流器之模块(交流模块)。本标准所述之测试顺序可能无法测试PV 模块在所有可能应用上之所有可能安全事项。本标准已使用现有之最佳测试顺序。有一些问题，如在高压系统内由于破损模块所产生电击之潜在危险，应在系统设计、位置、接近之限制与维护程序上加以注意。测试之种类包括：一般检查、电击危险、火灾危险、机械应力与环境应力。IEC61730-2说明：IEC 61730-2的部分规定了太阳能电池的试验要求，尽可能详细说明太阳能电池在不同应用等级的基本要求，以使其在预期使用期限内提供安全的电气和机械运转要求，并且针对由机械或外界环境影响所造成的电击、火灾和人身伤害的保护措施进行评估。IEC 61730-1所提供的是结构要求，而IEC 61730-2的部分则是说明试验要求。IEC61730不适用的太阳能电池类型：海上用太阳能电池、交通工具太阳能电池、交流型太阳能电池IEC61730-2 试验类型(共六类)：预处理试验、基本检查、电压危害试验、火灾试验、机械压力试验、结构试验预处理试验：热循环、湿冷冻试验、湿热试验、紫外线试验基本检查：外观检查电压危害试验：接近性测试、剪切试验、接地连续性试验、脉冲电压试验、绝缘耐压试验、湿漏电流试验、引出端强度试验说明：这个试验的目的是使操作人员免于由于接触组件由于设计、结构或环境操作引起的错误而带电的部分引起的电击和人身伤害。备注：电压危害试验的通过与失败标准不同于依据IEC61215和IEC61646火灾试验：温度试验、热斑试验、防火试验、旁路二极管热试验、反向过电流试验说明：这个试验用于评估组件由于操作或结构引起的潜在的火灾危险机械压力试验：组件破损量试验、机械负荷测试说明：这个试验目的是使机械故障引起组件伤害降到最低结构试验：局部放电试验、导线管弯曲试验、接线盒敲打试验太阳能电池应用等级介绍：A级：公众可接近的、危险电压、危险功率条件下应用通过本等级鉴定的太阳能电池是属于民众可能接触的，是大于直流50V 或240W以上的系统。通过IEC 617301 和应用等级A评估满足安全等级要求的太阳能电池。B级：限制靠近、具有危险电压、危险功率条件下应用通过本等级鉴定的太阳能电池可用于以围栏、特定区划或其它措施限制民众接近的系统。通过本应用等级鉴定的太阳能电池只提供了基本的绝缘保护，满足安全等级0的要求。C 级：限定电压、限定功率条件下应用通过本等级鉴定的太阳能电池只能用于公众有可能接触的、低于直流50V 和240W的系统。通过IEC 617301 和本部分等级鉴定的组件满足安全等级的要求。注：安全等级在IEC 61140中规定。IEC61730试验标准顺序说明：介绍IEC61730在每一个模块安全测试以及模块性能测试当中，不同试验的先后顺序以及试验流程。IEC61730-2试验条件目的说明：预处理试验：(Preconditioning tests)IEC61730-2-MST51 热循环(Thermal cycling test)目的：确认太阳能电池模块对于温度之重复变化所产生之热不均匀性并且、疲劳及其它应力之抵抗能力。试验条件：-40 285 2，cycle：50、200cycles(依据IEC61215和IEC61646)IEC61730-2-MST52湿冷冻试验(Humidity freeze test)目的：本试验目的是评估太阳能电池在高温和高湿下随后转换到零下低温的抵抗能力，但是这个试验并不是冷热冲击试验(thermal shock test)。试验条件：85/855%(20h)-40(0.54h)，clcle：10cycles(依据IEC61215和IEC61646)IEC61730-2-MST53 湿热试验(Damp Heat Test)目的：测量太阳能电池抵抗湿气长期渗透之影响能力试验条件：852/855%/1000h(依据IEC61215和IEC61646)IEC61730-2-MST54 紫外线试验(UV-resistance test)目的：用紫外线(uv)来照射太阳能模块，以确认可能会产之生UV材料劣化。基本检查：(General inspection test)IEC61730-2-MST01 外观检查(Visual inspection)目的：检查组件有何外观缺陷电击危害试验：(Electrical shock hazard tests)IEC61730-2-MST11 接近性测试(Accessibility test)目的：确定非绝缘电路是否会对操作人员会产生电击危险。IEC61730-2-MST12 剪切试验(Cut susceptibility test)目的：测定由聚合材料制作的组件的前后表面是否能经受安装和运行期间的例行操作，并且操作人员没有触电的危险。IEC61730-2-MST13 接地连续性试验(Ground continuity test)目的：证明在组件的暴露传导表面之间有传导通道，这样在一个太阳能电池系统中，暴露的传导表面可以完全的接地。只有组件有暴露的传导部分(如金属边框或金属性质的接线盒)时才要求这个测试。IEC61730-2-MST14 脉冲电压试验(Impulse voltage test)目的：检验组件固体绝缘抵抗大气源过电压的能力。它还涉及到高低压转变。注：如果太阳能电池是带框出售的，脉冲电压测试中要使用带框元件。IEC61730-2-MST16 绝缘耐压试验(Dielectric withstand test)目的：测定组件电流体和边框(外界)的绝缘性能是否足够的好。IEC61730-2-MST17 湿漏电流试验(Wet leakage current test)目的：评估太阳能模块在湿操作条件下之绝缘性，且验证由雨、雾、露水或融化之雪水所产生的湿气，不会进入模块电路的带电部分(active parts)，否则可能会造成腐蚀、接地失效或安全上的危险。IEC61730-2-MST42 引线端子强度试验(Robustness of terminations test)目的：确认引线端与引线端至太阳能电池模块本体支架上的附着是否能承受正常安装及操作过程中所受的力。火灾试验：(Fire hazard tests)IEC61730-2-MST21 温度试验(Temperature test)目的：当装备在电源开路中应用的太阳能电池达到热平衡，反向电压及短路电流造成局部区域的加热在任何部位都不能所规定的温度。IEC61730-2-MST22 热斑试验(Hot-spot test)目的：试验目的是为了确定太阳能电池磨组成受热班加热效应之能力，例如：焊点融化、封装材料老化、电池裂纹、电池不匹配、内部连结失效，因为局部被遮光或是表面有污染物均会引起这样的缺陷。IEC61730-2-MST23 防火试验(Fire test)目的：这个要求建立了作为屋顶材料或者安装在已有屋顶上面的太阳能电池组件的耐火基本原则。这些组件可能暴露于大火的条件下，因此需要指出当火源来在它们所安装建筑物的外部时组件的耐火特性。组件在测试后不要求进行操作。IEC61730-2-MST26 反向过电流试验(Reverse current overload test)目的：组件包含电气传导材料，包裹于绝缘系统。在反向电流的条件下，在起用过电流保护装置中断电路之前，组件的接头和电池以热发散的方式释放能量。这个测试是为了确定组件在此条件下点火或燃烧的危险指数。机械应力试验：(Mechanical stress tests)IEC61730-2-MST32 组件破损量试验(Module breakage test)目的：这个测试的目的是切割或打孔的伤害减小到最少IEC61730-2-MST34 机械负荷测试(Mechanical load test)目的：本测试目的就是评估太阳能电池模块在抵抗风、雪、冰或静态负荷下之承受能力结构试验：(Component tests)IEC61730-2-MST15 局部放电试验(Partial discharge test)目的：用在组件上层或基层的聚合物材料，如果不满足IEC 的绝缘要求，那么必须满足局部放电测试。任何用在组件上层或基层的聚合物材料都要满足局部放电测试。IEC61730-2-MST33 导线管弯曲试验(Conduit bending test)目的：用于组件接线盒配线系统的导线管，应确保能承受住在组件安装期间和安装后对导线管所施加的压力。IEC61730-2-MST44 接线盒敲打试验(Terminal box knock out test)目的：可移动的孔填充在组件终端外壁应保持在应力条件下，并能与现场应用永久布线系统轻易分开。写作不但能培养学生的观察力、联想力、想象力、思考力和记忆力，它的重要性更表现在于学生对字词句的运用、对思想语言和口头语言的提炼、对现实生活知识经验的总结升华、对情感价值观的宣泄。learning education, need three kinds of consciousness: one is to establish an integrated awareness. Learning and do what car isTwo-wheel, bird wings, need to go hand in hand, one end can be neglected. Communist theoretician and man. Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value. Learning is the Foundation, the Foundation is not strong, shaking; Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts. Two education, lay the basis, going to do the key grip, so that the learning and doing back to standard, so that the majority of party members learn learning theory of nutrients, in the doing practice partys purposes. Second, to establish a sense of depth. Learning and do not Chu drawn, entirely different, but the organic unity of the whole. Two learning education, we need to explore integrating learning in do, exhibit do in Science. To avoid the learning into simple room instruction, do into a monotone for doing. Should exploration learn in the has do, do in the has learn of education and practice of carrier, makes general grass-roots members can in learn in the has do of achievements sense, in do in the has learn of get sense, real makes party of theory brain into heart, put for people service concept outside of Yu shaped. Third, to adhere to long-term the awareness. Style construction on the road forever, two had to catch the long-term. Two study and education, by no means, assault-style wind-sport, but the recurrent education within the party. In recent years, the partys mass line education practice and three-three special education in grass-roots borne rich fruits, vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit. Two greater need to focus on longer hold long-term, to establish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education, focusing on the creation of long-term education, stri