人教版高一英语英语必修3Unit1语法情态动词 (共35张PPT).ppt

ModalVerbI情态动词,Unit1Grammar,情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等。,什么是情态动词？(ModalVerbs),Underlinethemodalverbs,Mostancientfestivalswouldcelebratetheendofcoldweather.Itisnowachildrensfestival,whentheycandressupIftheneighborsdonotgiveanysweets,thechildrenmightplayatrickonthem.,6/8/2020,3,Underlinethemodalverbs,InEuropeancountries,peoplewillusuallydecoratechurchesShewouldneverforgethim.AttheSpringFestivalinChina,peoplemaygivechildrenluckymoneyinredpaper.,6/8/2020,4,情态动词的语法特征,1.情态动词不能单独做谓语,后接动词原形。（除oughtto;haveto外）,2.情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词（如can,will）有一般式和过去式的变化。,ModalVerbI,may/mightcan/couldwill/wouldshall/shouldmust/cant,6/8/2020,6,can的主要用法是：1.表示能力：eg.Thegirlcandanceverywell.2.表示说话者的推测事物的可能性:eg.Canthenewsbetrue?3.在口语中,表示请求或允许：eg.CanIsithere?,can和could,could的主要用法：1.could-can的过去式,表示与过去有关的能力或推测:eg.IcanspeakfluentEnglishnow,butIcouldntlastyear.,2.could可以代替can表示请求,但语气较can客气、委婉:eg.Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?CouldIuseyourbike?用could提问，答语用can（即：could不能用于现在时态的答语中）-CouldIborrowyourpen?-yes,youcan.,can和beableto辨析can(could)和beableto都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而beableto则有更多的形式。如：Thosebagslookreallyheavy,areyousureyoullbeabletocarrythemonyourown?,2020年6月8日星期一,10,may和might,may的用法：1.表示请求、允许（比can较为正式）eg.MayIcomein?Youmaygonow.用may提问，否定回答用mustnot(mustnt)禁止、阻止hadbetternot最好别maynot不可以,MayIsmokehere?Yes,youmay.No,youmustntNo,youdbetternot.No,youmaynot.,6/8/2020,12,2.表示说话人的猜测（肯定句和否定句）含有“也许”“大概”“可能”之意。Myfriendmayarrivethisafternoon.3.表示祝愿;但语气较正式:eg.Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!,might的用法,may的过去时，表示可能性时，语气显得更加不确定。Myfriendmightarrivethisafternoon.,6/8/2020,14,will和would,Question:will/would是助动词还是情态动词？will构成将来时-助动词。表示“意志”“决心”“请求”-情态动词。例：Iwilltellyousomethingimportant.我要告诉你一件重要的事情。（助动词）WillyoutellherthatImhere?请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？（情态动词）,will和would的用法,1、表示请求、建议等，用于第二人称（用would比will委婉）Willyoupleasetakeamessageforhim?Wouldyoupleasetellmeyourtelephonenumber?,2020年6月8日星期一,16,2.表示习惯或倾向，意为“总是”，“习惯于”。eg:Fishwilldiewithoutwater.Peoplewilltalk.(人们总会说闲话。)Whenweworkedinthesameoffice,wewouldoftenhavecoffeetogether.,shall和should,shall用法表征求意见，用于一、三人称，（疑问句）Shallwegobytrain,Mom?Shallheattendthemeeting?,shall和should,shall用法2.用于二、三人称的陈述句中，表威胁、警告、命令、允诺等语气Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.YoushalldoasIsay.IfyourchildrendontdoasItellyou,youshallnotgototheparty.,（警告）,(命令),(威胁),should用法应该=oughtto（劝告、建议）Youshouldstudyhard.Youshouldreadhisnewbook.2.表估计，可译为“按理应当”、“估计”。TryphoningRobert,heshouldbehomenow.,should用法3.用于第一人称，询问意愿，语气温和委婉ShouldItrusthim?WhatshouldIdonow?4.万一，用在if引导的条件句中，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全不可能。或直接用于句首。IfIshouldbefreetomorrow,Illcome.ShouldIbefreetomorrow,Illcome.,should用法5.“居然”，“竟然”,表说话人意料之外。Tomysurprise,heshouldbeathief.WhyshouldeveryonewanttomarryTony?,must的主要用法,1.必须，应该。语气比should，oughtto强烈。eg:Everybodymustobeythelaw.Youmustntdrivesofastinthestreet.2.表示有把握的猜测。“一定”、“准是”结构：mustbeeg:Hemustbeanhonestboy.,用must提问，回答方式肯定回答：yes,please/Imafraidso否定回答：neednt/donthaveto-MustIcomebackbeforeten?-No，youneednt.表猜测的否定或疑问句用can/could,不用mustnt.IfMarydidntleavehereuntil5:00,shecantbehomeyet.,-_Igoouttoplay,mum?-No,you_.Youshoulddoyourhomeworkfirst.A.Might;wouldntB.May;hadbetternotC.Must;mustntD.Need;mustnt,Exercise,2.-WhereisEmma?-Icantsayforsurewheresheis,butshe_beoutshopping.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may,3.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it_cleaned.A.canthavebeenB.couldntbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbe,4.There_beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt,1Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.(2004上海）A.mustB.mayC.canD.need,直击高考,2Whatsthename？Khulaifi._Ispellthatforyou？（2006北京）A.MightB.WouldC.CanD.Shall,3Someaspectsofapilotsjob_beboring,andpilotsoften_workatinconvenienthours.（2006湖南）A.can；havetoB.may；canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must,4Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(2006江西）AshouldhavetakenBcouldhavetakenCneednthavetakenDmustnthavetaken,5Howsyourtouraroundthe