名词性从句复习

.,NounClause,.,一.什么叫“名词性从句”？,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,主语,Hisjobisimportant.,Whathedoesisimportant.,表语,Thisishisjob.,Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.,.,宾语,Idontlikehisjob.,Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.,同位语,Idontknowabouttheman,Mr.White.,Idontknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.,.,相关概念,1.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。2.名词性从句：在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:名词性从句。,.,宾语从句ObjectClause,表语从句Predicative,主语从句SubjectClause,同位语从句AppositiveClause,名词性从句NounClause,主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,.,1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.MrsBlackwontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,二、判断下列从句类型,.,引导名词性从句的连接词,引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why,.,1.主语从句：在句中充当主语成分,1).Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Whathesaidisnottrue.4)Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5)Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.6)Itscertainthathewillsucceed.,.,使用主语从句的几点注意事项：,1.有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把that的主语从句置于句末。单个主语从句常视为单数。常用it作形式主语的句型如下：1）It+be+形容词+that从句2）It+be+名词(hope,pity,wonder,etc.)+that从句3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句4）It+特殊动词(常为不及物动词)+that从句eg.IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled.Itreallymattersthatyouhaventturnedup.,.,2.另外，注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,surprising,unthinkable,unbelievable,incredible,etc.)thatItissuggested(advised,ordered,required,insisted,demanded,requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that,.,练习:用it充当形式主语,1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.-2.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.-3.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.-,Itsknowntoallthattheearthisround.,Itsapitythatyoumissedthechance.,Itscertainthatweshallbelate.,.,1._hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.Itsknowntousall_aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto4.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when,.,2.宾语从句：在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）连词：that,whether，if（that常可省略）who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whenwherewhyhow,1).Canyoumakesure_thegoldrings?whereshehadputB.wherehadsheputC.whereshehasputD.wherehassheput2).Theworkersconsidereditimportant_thebosswouldagreetogivethemarise.A.whetherB.howC.whereD.which,.,宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语）来替换的句型为：主语谓语itAdj/N从句如：Ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting,.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.,it,It,that,whether,规律:主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。,.,3.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后,对主语进行解释说明。,1.Thats_thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether,.,4.同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,doubt,plan,suggestion等后面,用以说明或解释前面名词的内容.,Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.Sydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldtohelpme.,.,名词性从句五大常考考点,.,考点1：区分that，what与which,1）_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3)_mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.Which,that只起连接作用,无意义，在从句中不充当成分what既有连接作用,又要在从句中作成分（主语，宾语，表语）(的东西;物;话;时间;地点;人物;数目等不同概念),.,-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?规律：what(无范围)/which(有范围),what,which,which,Fillintheblanks:(whatwhich),1.他犯了这样一个错误真是遗憾。_isapity.2.他来不来不重要。_doesntmatter.,Itdoesntmatterwhether,Thathemadesuchamistake,Itisapitythat,考点2：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法,Whetherhewillcomeornot,A、it作形式主语,.,(1)find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/nit指代后面从句所叙述的内容，常用于like/dislike/love/hate这些动词后。Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.(3)relyonitthat1.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one2.Youmaydependon_thatyouparentswillhelpyouwheneveryouneedit.A.themB.yourselfC.itD.me,B、it作形式宾语,.,考点3语序问题,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,规律：在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序,.,2.Whattimedoyouthink_?willBestycomehereB.BestywillcomehereC.isBestycominghereD.canBestygethere,疑问词+doyouthinksuggestbelievesuppose+陈述语序,.,考点4.what,whatever,who,whoever,1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.,WhateverWhat,What,Who,Whoever,.,_等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。,whoever,whatever,Who,what,请你归纳who,whoever,what,whatever,.,1._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever2._comeslate,heshouldbepunished.A.NomatterwhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Who,即时训练,.,Nomatterwhodestroystheforestwillbepunished.,（误）,nomatter只能引导状语从句，ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.,判断正误：,Whoeverdestroystheforestwillbepunished.（正）,.,考点5.区别if与whether找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,1.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.2.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.3.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.4.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.5.Imnotsureiftostayorleave.,.,考点5.区别if与whether找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,1.wewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.,2.Itdependsontheweatherissuitableforustodoit.,3.Thequestionishehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.,4.HeaskedmeIcouldgowithhimornot.,5.Imnotsuretostayorleave.,If,if,whether,whether,whether,if,whether,whether,引导主语从句时,if,if,引导介词后的宾语从句,引导表语从句,跟ornot连用时,加动词不定式时,.,名词性从句做题三步曲：,步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词,.,Summary(小结),1.名词性从句的分类：四大类2.使用名词性从句应注意的五大方面:(1)that与what的区别;(2)it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法(3)语序问题(4)nomatterwhat,whatever等(5)区别if与whether,.,1.Canyoumakesure_thegoldrings?A.whereshehadputB.wherehadsheputC.whereshehasputD.wherehassheput,2.Ithasbeenproved_eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlifeA.ifB.becauseC.whenD.that,3._breaksthelawshouldbepunished.AWhoeverb.Nomatterwhoc.anyone.d.who,.,4.Thatis_Ihadtotaketheriskofbeingwashedaway.A.whyB.reasonwhyC.howD.what5.Do_youthinkisright_difficultiesyoumayhave.A.what;howeverB.that;whateverC.whatever;whoeverD.what;whatever6.PeopleinChongqingareproudof_theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how,.,7.madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhatbecauseBWhatthatCThatwhatDThatbecause,8.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever,9.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever,10.Itwas_hesaid_disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;that