人教英语选修8第一单元Warming_up_and_Reading.pptVIP

Unit1Alandofdiversity一个多元文化的国土,WarmingupandReading,国名释义：美利坚合众国（TheUnitedStatesofAmerica）简称美国（U.S.A.）。美国因洲名而得名。美国的绰号叫“山姆大叔”。传说始于1812年英美战争期间的美国纽约特罗伊城商人山姆威尔,国鸟：白头海雕（秃鹰）这种秃鹰是北美一种有着黑色的身体和翅膀,白色的头和尾巴。在1782年这种鹰被设计为美国国家的象征,NationalDay：July,4thIndependentin1776.）,非洲裔美国人内战纪念碑纪念人民权领袖马丁路德金Thefamousspeech:IHaveADream,HowmuchdoyouknowaboutCalifornia?,Hello,everyone!IamJerryBrown（杰里布朗），thegovernorofCalifornia.LetshaveatestbeforewestarttolearnUnit1.Areyouready?,Test,A,B,C,D,1.WhoisthepresidentofUnitedStatesofAmericannow?,Itsaveryeasyquestion,Ifyouchoosethewronganswer,youmustbeanalien!,2.HowmanystatesarethereintheUSA?,A.,B.,C.,D.,47,48,49,50,A.,B.,C.,D.,3.WhichstandsfortheUSA?,NationalEmblems（国徽）,A.,B.,C.,D.,4.WhichdoesntbelongtotheUSA?,StatueofLiberty,GoldenBridge,WhiteHouse,EiffelTower,5.WhichareAmericanbrands?,A,B,C,D,E,F,G,Germany,Germany,Finland,6.WhoareAmericans?,A,B,C,D,E,keanuReeves,DavidBeckham,StevenSpeilberg,Ronaldinho,Britain,Brazil,8._hasthelargestpopulationintheUSA.A.CaliforniaB.AlaskaC.WashingtonD.Texas,7.WhereistheWhiteHouse?A.CaliforniaB.AlaskaC.WashingtonD.Texas,9.Californiasofficialnicknameisthe_,itsthe_largeststateintheUSA.A.SunflowerState,SecondB.GoldenState,thirdC.SunflowerState,firstD.GoldenState,first,10._isCaliforniaslargestandthenationssecondlargestcity.A.SacramentoB.LosAngelesC.SanDiegoD.SanFrancisco,芝加哥大学,钢铁森林,芝加哥海滨宾馆,Warmingup,LookatthemapoftheUSAwithyourgroup.Writeonthemapthenamesofasmanyofthefollowingasyoucan.,Oceanontheeastcoast_Oceanonthewestcost_CountrytothenorthofUSA_CountrytothesouthofUSA_Mountainsrangeinthewest_,AtlanticOcean,PacificOcean,Canada,Mexico,RockyMountains(落基山脉),GreatLakes:,LongestriverintheUSA:,Someimportantcities:,Superior,Michigan,Huron,ErieandOntario,MississippiRiver,NewYork,WashingtonDC,LosAngeles,SanFrancisco,Chicago,NewOrleans,SanFrancisco,LosAngeles,Houston,Boston,NewYork,Washington,D.C,RockyMountains,Mexico,Chicago,Canada,AtlanticOcean,PacificOcean,theMississippi,Superior,Michigan,Erie,Huron,Ontario,California(oneofthe50statesoftheUSA),CALIFORNIA(theGoldenState),LyingonthePacificOcean,CaliforniaisonthewestcoastoftheUnitedStates,whichisdiverseintopography(地形),climateandecologicalenvironment.Ithasanareaof411,000squarekilometers,anditisoneoftheUSstatesofthelargestpopulation,withthemostdevelopedeconomy.Meanwhile,itspleasantweather,longbeach,andgracefulnaturallandscapemakethetourismprosperous.,California,CALIFORNIA,Reading,1.Whatsthetopicofthistext?A.thecultureofCaliforniaB.thehistoryofCaliforniaC.theweatherofCalifornia,2.Howmanykindsofpeoples(民族)aretalkedinthistext?Whatarethey?,While-reading,Para.1,Task1Fastreading,Russians,LaterArrivals,peoples,TheSpanish,MostRecentArrivals,NativeAmericans,2.Howmanykindsofpeoplesaretalkedinthistext?,GoldMiners,(thesubtitles),1.Dividethepassageintothreepartsandtrytogetthemainideaofeachpart.Part1()BriefintroductiontoCalifornia.Part2()WhenandwhypeoplefromdifferentcountriesmovedtoCalifornia.Part3()ThefutureofCalifornia.,para1,para2-para9,para10,Task2:Reading(1Scanning),HoweachpictureisrelevanttothehistoryofCalifornia?,NativeAmericanIndianoneofthefirstpeopletoliveinCalifornia.,NativeCaliforniaIndians,AgoldminerthediscoveryofgoldinCaliforniacreatedagoldrushwhichbroughtpeoplefromallovertheworldtoCalifornia.,Californiagoldminersaround1849,OtherreferencepicturesaboutgoldrushinCalifornia,AbuildinginChinatown,SanFranciscoManyChinesehavesettledinCaliforniaandmanyofthemliveinChinatowninSanFrancisco.,ChinatownsinCalifornia,2.BesideeachculturalgroupwritetheperiodinwhichtheyfirstcametoCaliforniainlargenumbers.,SpanishRussiansAfricansChineseItaliansDanish,intheearly16thcenturyIntheearly1800s1800sInthe1860sinthelate19thcentury1911,JewishJapaneseKoreansCambodiansVietnamesePakistanis,inthe1920satthebeginningofthe20thcenturyinmorerecentdecadesinmorerecentdecadesinmorerecentdecadesfromthebeginninginthe1970s,Task3:Skimming.TrueorFalse,1.CaliforniaisthelargeststateintheUSAandhasthelargestpopulation.2.ThenativeAmericansaretreatedwellafterthearrivalofEuropeans.3.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen.4.Intheearly1800s,RussiansbegansettinginCaliforniajustforfur.5.DuingGoldRushPeriod,manyachievedtheirdreamofbeingrich.6.Inthelate19thcentury,ChineseimmigrantsarrivedinCalifornia.,F,F,T,T,F,F,_,_,_,_,Task4:Detailedreading,BesideeachtimenotedownanimportanteventinCalifornianhistory.,FirstsettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitfromAsia.ThesepeoplearenowknownasNativeAmericans,SpanishsoldiersarrivedinSouthAmerican,CaliforniabecamepartofMexico,Californiabecamethe31ststateoftheUS,GoldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia,TheUSdeclaredwaronMexico,:,3WhyisCaliforniainthe21stcenturysuchamulticulturalcommunity?(Using3or4sentencestoexplain.),ThestateofCaliforniaisamulticulturalcommunitybecauseEuropean,AfricanandAsianpeoplehavebeenimmigratedtothestateforthelast200years.,multi-“多、多方面、多方向”multi-colored多色的multi-racial多民族的multi-media多媒体multiparty多党制的,Suggestedanswertoexercise3onpage3:,ThestateofCaliforniaisamulticulturalcommunitybecauseEuropean,AfricanandAsianpeopleshavebeenmovingintothestateforthelast200years.Itisthismixofpeopleswiththeirowncustoms,cultureandfoodthathavegivenCaliforniaitsmulticulturalflavour.Problemsthatmightariseincludeinterculturalrivalryorcompetition,discriminationormisunderstanding.ItistothecreditofCaliforniansthatsuchproblemsdonotariseveryoften.,1.diversity=variety多样性,差异，变化adiversityofvegetables多种多样的diversifyvt.使多样性,使不同;vi.多变化，发生变化diversifyonesskills/interestsWeshoulddiversifythesyllabustoattractmorestudents.Acompanyshoulddiversify.,Languagepoints,2.illustratevt.（用图示、实例等）说明/阐明；插图于（书籍等），图示Thelecturerillustratedthetheorywithexamples.Pleaseillustratehowtousethemachine.Illustrateabookwithalotofpictures.在书中加入许多插图。illustrationn.实例(+of);插图；说明，例证Thedoctorgaveanillustrationofthedangersofsmoking.bywayofillustration以实例说明inillustrationof作为的例证,3.Californiaisthethirdlargeststateinthe序数词可以修饰形容词的最高级TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.可以修饰形容词最高级的词:byfar/much/almost/nearly/可以修饰比较级的词:no/alittle/abit/any/slightly/byfar/alot/agreatdeal/much/even/still/ratherYourestandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove_?A.abitfarB.alittlefartherC.abitoffartherD.alittlefar,B,4.population人口ThepopulationofChina_large.And70%ofthepopulationofChina_peasants.表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数,表示部分人口时谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用large/small。对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用Whatsthepopulationof.?WhatsthepopulationofGuangdong?haveapopulationof.有多少人口Chinahasapopulationof1.3billion.anincrease/growthinpopulation人口,is,are,5.ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.,加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化特质的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld是现在分词的完成时作state的定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句whichhasattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.liveon继续生活或存在。如：Picassoisdeadbuthispaintingsliveon.毕加索人已作古，但他的画却依然流传。,distinctadj.有区别的，不同的（from);明确的，清楚的；Hishobbiesarequitedistinctfromhiswork.Thereisadistinctsmellofperfumeintheroom.distinctionn.区别，差别；特征，优秀；荣誉，名声thedistinctionbetweenatigerandacatawriterofdistinction非凡的/卓越的作家Hewonmanyprizesanddistinctions.他获得许多奖赏和荣誉。,6.WhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,宾语从句=theplacethatwenowknowasCalifornia.定语从句GeorgeWashingtonwasbornin_isnowthestateofVirginia.whichB.whereC.thatD.what=GeorgeWashingtonwasbornintheplacethatisnowthestateofVirginia.,D,7.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.,Itislikely/possible/probablethatsb/sthislikelytodosth某人/物有可能做某事,likelyadv.可能，或许（常与very,most,quite连用）Hewillverylikelypasstheexamination.Mostlikelyhisattemptwillfail.,辨析:likely,possible,probable按可能性程度,probable可能性最大,其次为likely,最小为possible,但需要注意的是,likely的主语可以是人,但possible,probable却只能用形式主语it.,8.bymeansof:byusing用办法,借助Hecrossedtheriverbymeansofaraft.Weexpressoutfeelingsbymeansofwords.means单复数同形Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.bythismeans用这种方法bynomeans决不,一点也不,byallmeans:anyway无论如何/务必Surely/Ofcourse当然可以bysomemeansorotheradv.想尽办法,means方法、手段、工具,单复数同形,多和介词by搭配。way方法,普通用语。可用于任何处理事物的方式。多于介词in搭配。method方法,理论,指合乎逻辑或系统的方法。多和介词with搭配。,9.辨析suffer与sufferfromsuffer指一般的损害、痛苦等等,其宾语为damage,pain,loss,poverty,defeat,grief,insult,punishment,hunger,hardship,injustice,discouragement,disappointment,setback(挫折)，但sufferfrom表示遭受战争，自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之意。,10.forceinto强迫成为/做/进入Theyforcedhimintosigning(tosign)thepaper.Heforcedhisfeetintohisshoes.Shewasforcedintocrimebycircumstances.她为境遇所迫而犯罪。Thefellowforcedhiswayintomyhome.那家伙强行闯入我家。,byforceof借之力；依据comeintoforce（法律）实施carry/putintoforce施行（法律）joinforceswith与协力force强作Thesingerhadtoforcehertopnotes.forceasmile强作笑颜aforcedlaugh勉强的笑,11.However,somesurvivedtheseterribletimes,andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericanslivinginCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.,幸免,幸免于难Only12ofthe140passengerssurvived.挺过来,挣扎过下去e.g.IdontthinkIcouldsurviveanotheryearasateacher;justtoostressful.比(某人)长寿,比(通常指亲人)活的更长e.g.Harrysurvivedhiswifebythreemonths.,1)survive,11.majorityn.大多数Themajority_forthebudget.Themajorityofstudents_hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage_easytorepair.,is/are,are,is,1)单独做主语时,若强调整体,谓语动词用单数，强调个体时,谓语动词用复数。2)themajorityof+n.后可用不可数名词,也可用可数名词复数,谓语动词由后面的名词决定。3)表示领先多少票数时用不定冠词a。e.g.Hewaselectedbyamajorityof50.minority少数的,1)Atthemeeting,youngpeoplewere_.A.inmajorityB.inthemajorityC.ofmajorityD.ofthemajority2)Themajorityofstudents_treesinthefieldsandsomearecarryingwater.A.isplantingB.wasplantingC.areplantingD.wereplanting3)Themajority_withme.A.agreesB.agreeC.areagreedD.isagree,majority,B,C,A,12.declarevt.1)tomakeknownpubliclyorofficially宣布,宣告Thechairmandeclaredtheresultsoftheelection.Warwasdeclaredontheenemy.法官宣判这个窃贼有罪。Thejudgedeclaredthethieftobeguilty.,2)tosaysolemnlysothatthereisnodoubtaboutthemeaning郑重地说,声称,断言她郑重宣布她对此事一无所知。Shesolemnlydeclaredthatsheknewnothingaboutit.请表明你的立场。Declareyourposition,please.她声称自己无罪。Shedeclaredherselftobeinnocent.,3)Tomakeafullstatement(向税务机关，海关等）申报（所得，应缴税物品）Haveyouanythingtodeclare?announce把大家所关心的事情,特别是有新闻价值的,做一般或正式的宣布；显示，预告Awarmsunshineannouncesthatsummeriscoming.,11.make/earna/oneslife谋生、习惯新的生活方式make/earn/geta/onesliving谋生现在越来越多的年轻人去了城市并在那儿谋生。Nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeoplemovetocitiestomakealifethere.alloneslifeaslargeaslifebringtolifecometolifeThatslifebeoneslife,alloneslife终身，一辈子aslargeaslife与真人或实物一样大的；真正的bringtolife使复活/苏醒；使活跃起来cometolife复活/复苏，活跃起来Thatslife（表示失望但无可奈何）这就是生活，生活就是这样beoneslife对某人至关重要的人/物,13.alargepercentagehavechosen=alargepercentageofChinese-AmericanshavechosenAlargepercentageofpopulationliveinbigcities.这宾馆很大比例的收入来自于游览这湖的游客。Alargepercentageofthehotelsincomecomesfromthevisitorstothelake.Onlyasmallpercentageofstudentsareforeigners.Whatpercentageofstudentsareabsent?percentpercent(用在数词后)(其余都用percentage),Theresultisexpressed_(以百分比)._(比例越来越大)ofthepopulationowntheirownhouses._(大部分)peoplecame._(百分之五十的学生)camefromworkersfamily.,asapercentage,Anincreasingpercentage,Alargepercentageof,50percentofthestudents,14.establishatown建立城镇establishanewbusiness开创新事业establishfriendlyrelationswith建立友好关系establishthathewasright.证明他是对的。15.immigratevi.(to/into)移居,迁入他很小时从爱尔兰移民到美国Asachild,heimmigratedtotheUSfromIreland.immigrationn.immigrationlaws移民法immigrant(s)n.移民theEuropeanimmigrants,16.