被动语态讲解ppt.ppt

1,被动语态（ThePassiveVoice),一、运用被动语态的情景(Situations)二、被动语态的结构与时态(StructureandTense)三、被动语态举例(Examples)四、主动变被动的方法(Method)（单宾、双宾、复合宾语、宾语从句）五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(VerbsandPhrases)六、Exercises,2,一、运用被动语态的情景,1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by短语)。Mybikewasstolenlastnight.2.借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldaccepttheoffer.3.为了更好地安排句子。Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）,3,二、被动语态的结构与时态,4,三、被动语态举例,TheGreatWallwasbuiltmorethan2000yearsold.AnewbridgeisbeingbuiltacrosstheChangjiangRiver.Theprojectwill(isgoingto)befinishednextmonth.Manytreeshavebeenplantedaroundthelake.Oldpeopleshouldbetakencareof/lookedafter.Bookscantbetakenoutofthelibrary,5,四、主动变被动的方法,宾变主，谓变被，by短语动后随；若有宾语连着谓，by短语往后退。主动语态的宾语分：1、单宾2、双宾3、复合宾语4、宾语从句.,6,1、单宾：,Shedoesherhomeworkatschool.Herhomeworkisdone(byher)atschool.(by短语常省略)WheredopeoplegrowcottoninChina?WhereiscottongrowninChina?,7,2、双宾,带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前。若将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to或for.（“make,draw,sing,choose,buy,keep”用for,其他动词用to）.,8,2、双宾（举例）,-Abookwasgiventohim(byme)yesterday.Igavehimabookyesterday.-Hewasgivenabook(byme)yesterday.MrChengteachesusmaththisterm.Wemaththisterm.Mysisterboughtmeajacketlastweek.Ajacketmelastweek,aretaught,wasboughtfor,9,3、带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语,A:类似ask/tell/allow/encourage/promisesb.todosth.结构：Peopleshouldallowteenagerstochoosetheirownclothes.Teenagerstochoosetheirownclothes.Theyencourageustoplantmoretrees.Wetoplantmoretrees.,shouldbeallowed,areencouraged,10,3、不带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语,B:特别提示：主动语态中的“十大怪词”（一感、二听、三使，四看）后面省略to的不定式，在改为被动语态时，一定要补上to.(记忆口诀：“使感动词”真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主动语态to走开，被动语态to回来。”)Iheardhimsinginthenextroom.-Hesinginthenextroom.Theymadeusdoallkindsofwork.-Wedoallkindsofwork.Isawherenterthelibrary.-Sheenterthelibrary.,washeardto,weremadeto,wasseento,11,4、宾语从句,TheysayMrMarkwillcometoChinasoon.ItssaidthatMrMarkwillcometoChinasoon.据说MrMark马上要到中国来ItisreportedthatitrainedheavilyinthesouthofChina.据报道Itsthought/believedthat据认为Itssuggestedthat有人建议Itswellknownthat众所周知Itshopedthat人们希望。,12,五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(1),1、有些“静态”动词不能用于被动语态。（have,cost,last,own,suit,hold,fit,belongto,agreewith等）Thetravellasted3weeks.这次旅行持续了三个星期。TheMP3costs500yuan.ThisdictionarybelongstoMike.,13,五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(2),2、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表示被动意义。（cut,wash,write,sell,wear等）Thiskindofshoessellswell.这种鞋子很畅销。Thiskindofclotheswasheseasily.这种衣服很容易洗。Thepenwritessmoothly.这支笔写得流利。,14,五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(3),3、有些词组的主动形式表被动含义：beworthdoing,needdoingThebookisworthreading.这本书值得读。Thebikeneedsrepairing.这辆自行车需要修理。=Thebikeneedstoberepaired.这辆自行车需要修理。,15,六、Exercises,1、Jaysingsmanyfamoussongs.(被动语态）ManyfamoussongsJay.2、Hermothergaveheranewpen.(同义句）Anewpenherbyhermother.3、Ifhe(give)onemoreminute,he(finish)theexamyesterday.4、Thestudentismade(stand)thereforhalfanhour.5、Hewontgotobeduntilhishomework(finish).6、Theheatedicecreamscoops(invent)byaman(call)Lanmon.7、Someonesawastrang