8B U4 Grammar

Grammar,一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,WespeakEnglish.,主语,谓语,宾语,Englishisspokenbyus.,主语,谓语,宾语,宾变主,主变宾,前加by,主动语态,1.Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.,2.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.,被动语态的大体构成：,Be+PP（过去分词）,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.,变为被动语态,一般现在时被动结构：,am/is/are+过去分词,Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.,Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.,Exercise,WecallthesnowmanMrStrong.,ThesnowmaniscalledMrStrong.,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.,一般过去时被动结构：,was/were+过去分词,Heboughtsomefruitsyesterday.,Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.,Exercise,3.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.,现在进行时被动结构：,am/is/are+being+PP,Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.,Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.,Exercise,Theyareplayingvolleyballnow.,Volleyballisbeingplayed(bythem)now.,4.Shewasinterviewingthefamousmanatthistimeyesterday.,Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher.,过去进行时被动结构：,was/were+being+PP,Exercise,Hewasplayingbasketballat8:00lastnight.,Basketballwasbeingplayedat8:00lastnight.,5.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.,一般将来时被动结构：,will+be+过去分词,Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.,Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.,begoingto+be+pp,Exercise,Thegirlwillfinishherhomeworkintwentyminutes.,Thehomeworkwillbefinished(bythegirl)intwentyminutes.,7.AbycantakegoodcareofTina,TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby.,情态动词变被动：,情态动词+be+过分(must,canshould),Hemaycarrythebasketeasily.,Thebasketmaybeeasilycarriedbyhim.,Exercise,Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.,Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.,8.Wehavemadetwentykeys,Twentykeyshavebeenmadebyus.,现在完成时被动结构：,have/has+been+过去分词,Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.,Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.,Exercise,各种时态的被动情况：一般现在时：一般过去时：现在进行时：一般将来时：情态动词变被动：,am/is/aredone,was/weredone,am/is/arebeingdone,shall/willbedonebegoingtobedone,would/should+be+done,情态动词+be+done,AThepassivevoicewithmodelverbs,AThepassivevoicewithmodelverbs,A1READthefollowingsentences.,Workouttherule,Tomakethepassivevoicewithmodalverbs,_isusedbetweenthemodalverbandthepastparticipleofthemainverb.,be,can/couldbedonemustbedoneshouldbedonemay/mightbedonehadbetterbedonehavetobedone,结论：含情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+PP,water(浇水),Theymustwatertreeseveryday.,Treesmustbewateredbythemeveryday.,Musttreesbewateredbythemeveryday?,Aftereverythinghasbeenchecked,itisreadytobeplayedforeveryonetoenjoy.Thecartooncharactershavebeendrawncarefullybytheartists.,Workouttherule,Weformthepassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttensebyusinghave/has+_beforethepastparticipleofthemainverb.,BThepassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttense,Weusethepassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttenselikethis:,been,Completethearticlebelowwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.,Drawingcartoonfaces,Whenwedrawacartoonface,somepartsoftheface_(should/make)biggertomakethefacelookfunny.Soletsstarttodrawacartoonfaceforthewoman!Aroughcircle_(should/draw)first.Thenanoseandbigglasses_(should/add).Next,apairofsmalleyesandasmilingmouth_(must/draw).Themouth_(can/make)largertomakethewomanlookfriendlier.Finally,somehair_(should/add)tothecartoon.Theface_(can/colour)withbrightcolours.,shouldbemade,shouldbedrawn,shouldbeadded,mustbedrawn,canbemade,shouldbeadded,canbecoloured,B2Completethearticlebelowwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.,HowtomakeacomicstripTomakeacomicstrip,first,astory_(must/think)of.Thestory_(should/make)interestingwithanexcitingending.Afterthestory_(create),pictures_(must/draw).Lookatthecomicstripbelow.Speechandthoughtbubbleshavebeenaddedsothatthepictures_(can/understand)easily.Alineofwordscalleda“caption”_(put)atthetopofthefifthpicturetoexplainachangeofplaceortime.,mustbethought,shouldbemade,hasbeencreated,canbeunderstood,mustbedrawn,hasbeenput,选择最佳答案填空。()1.Yourhomeworkshould_atonce.A.doB.todoC.bedoneD.tobedone()2.Thiscoat_withwater.Youmustdry-cleanit.A.cannotwashB.notcanwashC.canbenotwashedD.cannotbewashed()3.Thesefruitsmust_incoolplaces,ortheywillgetbadeasily.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()4.Inthepastfewyears,lotsofbuildings_inthiscity.A.havebeenbuiltB.arebuildingC.havebuiltD.willbuild,C,D,B,A,()5.Sofar,theMoon_bymanafewtimes.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.hasvisited()6.Theflowersmust_often.A.waterB.bewateredC.arewateredD.bewatering()7.Thesebooks_inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.arekeptD.havebeenkept,C,B,D,()8.Canit_tomakepaper?No,it_