2017年镇江市英语中考试题解析

20172017 年镇江市英语中考试题及解析年镇江市英语中考试题及解析 一、单项选择（共一、单项选择（共 1515 题；每小题题；每小题 1 1 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2017江苏镇江)1. May 10, 2017 was marked asfirst Chinese Brands Day (中国品牌日). “Made in China” has come of age. A. aB. anC. theD. 不填 1. C 【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：2017 年 5 月 10 日被标记为首届中国品牌日。 “中国制造”已经 成熟了。序数词前用定冠词the。 (2017江苏镇江)2. The young mother wont leave her babyshe is sure that he has already been asleep. A. unlessB. becauseC. ifD. since 2. A 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：那位年轻的妈妈不会离开她的宝贝，除非她确定他已经睡 着了。前文的否定意义提示用unless “除非”引导条件状语从句，同if not。 (2017江苏镇江)3.Do you enjoy the songs sung by Jay Chou? Of course. Not only I but also my parentshis fans. A. amB. areC. wasD. were 3. B 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：你喜欢周杰伦唱得歌吗？当然。不但我而且我的父母 都是他的粉丝。上文 Do you enjoy.提示答语用一般现在时表示客观事实；not onlybut also意为 “不但而且” ，并列主语时谓语动词根据“就近原则”用but also 后的主语确定谓语动词单 复数。主语 my parents 提示用 are。故选 B。 (2017江苏镇江)4. Which of the following words is pronounced /raiz/? A. raceB. rideC. roseD. rise 4. D 【解析】考查音标写单词。句意：下列词汇中哪一个被发音为/raz/? race 的音标为/res/; ride 的 音标为/rad/; rose 的音标为/rz/；rise 的音标为/raz/。故选 D。 (2017江苏镇江)5. Chinas first home-built aircraft carrier(航空母舰) hit the water in Dalian the morning of April 26, 2017. A. inB. onC. atD. to 5. B 【解析】 考查介词用法辨析。 句意： 在 2017 年 5 月 26 日的上午， 中国首艘国产航母在大连下水。 表示“在某一天的早晨或晚上”等用介词on 表达。 (2017江苏镇江)6. I was told that a new road would be built tomy hometown to Zhenjiang. A. compareB. contactC. commitD. connect 6. D【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 我被告知将要建造一条新公路来连接我的家乡和镇江。 compare 比较；contact 联系；commit 委托；用动词connect “连接”和to 连用，表示“把和相连” 。 (2017江苏镇江)7. All the driversreduce speed when driving near the zebra crossing. A. canB. cantC. mustD. mustnt 7. C 【解析】考查情态动词用法辨析。 句意：当行车接近斑马线时， 所有的司机必须减速。下文“接 近斑马线”和上文“减速”提示用must 表示“必须” 。 (2017江苏镇江)8. Xu Yuanchong, a 96-year-old man, devotes most of his lifetime toworks of literature. A. translateB. translatesC. translatingD. translated 8. C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许渊冲，一位96 岁的老人，将其一生献给了文学著作的翻译 事业。devoteto doing sth. 意为“把时间(钱、精力等)献给” ，to 是介词，后跟动名词形式。 (2017江苏镇江)9. The Belt and Road ( 一带一路) will serve tomarkets for China and other 1 countries along. A. open upB. put upC. make upD. look up 9. A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。 句意： “一带一路”将服务于为中国和其他沿线国家开拓市场。 put up 建立，举起；make up 编造，组成；look up 查阅，查找。用 open up“开放，打开”和 markets 构成动宾短语，符合句意“开拓市场” 。故选 A。 (2017江苏镇江) 10.I hear youre crazy about Roger Federer. Exactly. He is one of the greatest tennis players in the world and18 grand slams (大满贯) all together. A. achievesB. achievedC. has achievedD. will achieve 10. C 【解析】考查动词时态辨析。句意：我听说你对 Roger Federer 很狂热。确实！它是 世界上最伟大的网球运动员之一， 已经取得了共计 18 个大满贯。用现在完成时态强调他到现在为止 取得的成就，说明对他狂热的原因。故选C。 (2017江苏镇江) 11.Our monitor, Lin Tao, keeps all his things in good order. Thats true. Hes so, and we should learn from him. A. creativeB. generousC. modestD. organized 11. D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 我们的班长，林涛，把他所有的东西都放置的井然 有序。那是真的。他做事很有条理，我们应该向他学习。creative 有创造力的；generous 慷慨 的；modest 谦虚的。上文“井然有序”提示下文用形容词organized 表示“做事有条理的” ，符合句 意。 (2017江苏镇江)12. Last December, a man who stole a shared bike1,000 yuan by the police. A. finedB. was finedC. will be finedD. has fined 12. B 【解析】考查动词被动语态。句意：上个月，一名盗窃共享单车的男子被警察罚款1,000 元。 时间状语 last December“去年 12 月”提示谓语动词用一般过去时态；主谓语存在被动关系， “被罚 款” ，谓语动词用被动语态形式，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 (2017江苏镇江)13. You look tired. Whats wrong with you? I stayed up late night. Imy speech from eight oclock to midnight. A. practicedB. am practicingC. was practicingD. has practiced 13. C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：你看上去很累。你怎么了？我昨晚熬夜很晚。从八点 到半夜我在准备我的演讲。时间状语last night“昨晚”提示用一般过去时态，from eight oclock to midnight“从八点到半夜”提示在某段时间内动作正在进行，故谓语用动词的过去进行时态表达。 (2017江苏镇江)14. To London? Dont miss red phone boxes in the streets. Theyre a symbol of English culture. . A. Thanks for your adviceB. I hope so C. Sorry, I dont knowD. Thank you all the same 14. A 【解析】考查情景交际。句意： 去英国？不要错过街道上的红色电话盒子。它们是英国文 化的象征。谢谢你的建议。用选项A“谢谢你的建议”来应答对方的提醒。 (2017江苏镇江)15.How is your May Day holiday, John? Not bad. You seem so happy. Could you tell me? A. what place you have been toB. if you visit your grandparents C. who did you spend the holiday withD. that you watched a football match 15. A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：John, 你的五一假期怎么样？不坏。你看上去似乎很 高兴。你能告诉我你去过什么地方吗？选项B 时态不对；选项 C 语序为疑问句语序；选项 D 引导词 不对，故选 A。 2 二、完形填空（共二、完形填空（共 1010 小题：每小题小题：每小题 1 1 分，满分分，满分 1010 分）分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (2017江苏镇江)As a kid, I used to spend my summers with my grandparents on their farm in Texas. I helped them with farming at times. Luckily, they16a caravan, a kind of car designed for people to live in while traveling. Every few summers, wed travel together around the US and Canada. On one trip, I was about 10 years old. I was playing around in the back of the car17my grandfather was driving. My grandmother had the passenger seat. She smoked through the trip, and I hated the18, which made me cough a lot. I read about smoking in an article. It says that every puff (吸) of a cigarette takes two minutes off your life. I19the number of cigarettes per day and the puffs per cigarette. When I came up with a reasonable (合理的) number, I was20. Then I moved my head into the front of the car and proudly21, “So far, youve taken nine years off your life!” hearing this, my grandmother began to cry and it was not what I22 . I did not know what to do. My grandfather, who had been driving23, stopped the car, got out of it and opened my door. He looked at me calmly, and said24, “See, grandmother is crying! One day, youll understand that its harder to be kind than clever.” As I grow up, I realize that cleverness is a gift and kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy-they are given 25. Choices can be hard, so it seems more difficult to be kind. 16. A. producedB. ownedC. requiredD. returned 17. A. asB. whenC. whileD. though 18. A. dustB. tasteC. noiseD. smell 19. A. guessedB. countedC. collectedD. received 20. A. afraidB. relaxedC. satisfiedD. worried 21. A. repliedB. explainedC. presentedD. announced 22. A. dreamedB. enjoyedC. supportedD. expected 23. A. in fearB. in silenceC. with prideD. with sadness 24. A. gentlyB. loudlyC. powerfullyD. confidently 25. A. in allB. after allC. above allD. first at all 题材：日常生活 【主旨大意】本文介绍了作者10 岁时候在在房车上旅行发生的一个故事。作者年龄尚幼，虽然处于 好心阻止祖母吸烟，但作者的话对祖母造成了很大的伤害，祖母禁不住哭了。多年以后作者明白善 待别人比聪慧更难。聪慧是天赋，而善良是一种选择。 16. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文my grandfather was driving 可知“我的祖父母拥有该辆 房车” 。故选 B。 17. C【解析】考查连词。根据句意“当我祖父在驾驶时，我正在车后坐上玩”可知用while 引导时 间状语从句，表示前后两个动作同时进行。故选C。 18. D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据which made me cough a lot 可知“我讨厌烟的气味” 。故选 smell 表示“气味” 。 19. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。空格后的number 提示用动词 count 表示“计算” 。意为“计算每 天香烟的数量” 。 20. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。下文proudly“自豪地”提示“当我算一个合理的数据时，我为自己 的聪明而感到满意” ，用 satisfied 表示“满意的” 。 21. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。承接上文“计算数据” ，用动词 announce 表示“宣布” ，后跟宣 布的内容。 22. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文I did not know what to so.可知“祖母的哭不是我所期望 3 的结果” ，用动词 expect 表示“期望、期待” 。故选 D。 23. B【解析】考查介词短语意义辨析。根据故事叙述可知“祖父一直默默地开车”，用in silence“沉 默地”作状语，修饰动词drive。 24. A【解析】考查副词意义辨析。承接前文He looked me calmly“他平静地看着我”可知下文意为 “轻轻地说” ，用副词 gently“轻轻地，温柔地”修饰动词say。 25. B【解析】考查介词短语。根据句意“随着我长大，我意识到天赋得来很容易毕竟它们与生 俱来可知”用 after all 表示“毕竟” 。 三、阅读理解（共三、阅读理解（共 1010 小题：每小题小题：每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 2020 分）分） 阅读下面的三篇短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最 佳选项。 (2017江苏镇江)A A When meeting strangers, we usually notice their hair, skin colour and clothes. We like to group those things we dont know by comparing them with the things we know. So whats wrong with this? For example, we think that short boys cant possibly be good basketball players. The girls who love to be dressed up cant be excellent students. Or we think shy students cant be good at giving speeches. These are typical (典型的) examples of stereotypes. Stereotypes make people form a wrong opinion about others at first sight. In fact, it takes a lot more than just looking at a person to know and understand him or her. The following is my story. One day, it was snowing, but not heavily. Before class, I collected all the exercise books and sent them to the teachers office. The exercise books looked piles in my arms, so I could hardly see the ground. Suddenly, I slipped over (滑倒) and dropped all the exercise books I was carrying. I tried to stand up but failed, I was about to pick them up when I saw boy coming towards me, it was Mike. Mike and I had been classmates for over 2 years, but we had never shared more than 5 sentences together. He was a boy with few words, but I liked talking. We were totally different. I didnt like him and didnt want to be seen at that moment. “Anything serious?” His words brought me out of thoughts. “I saw you sitting on the ground from the back window, so I rushed here. Let me help you!” he helpedme up and picked all the exercise books up. Seeing this, I was so moved that I couldnt say a single word. We walked towards the teachers office and this time, he talked a lot to me. I found quite a different Mike. I took a deep breath and said to myself: “I nearly make a big mistake-judging (判断) Mike only by his appearance.” 26. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as typical of stereotypes? A. Dishonest children cant be others true friends. B. Shy students cant be good at giving speeches. C. Short boys cant possibly be good basketballplayers. D. The girls who love to be dressed up cant be excellent students. 27. Why did the writer dislike Mike at the beginning? A. because the writer didnt know Mike at all. B. Because Mike didnt hand in his exercise book. C. Because the writer thought they werent the same type. D. Because Mike didnt help the writer collect the exercise books. 28. The writer probably wants to tell us_. 4 A. wed better not go outside on snowy days. B. we should get along well with our classmates. C. people shouldnt judge someone at first sight. D. people with different personalities cant be friends. A 题材：生活哲理 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。人们很容易通过头发、肤色和着装等来判断一个陌生人。例如通 过不足的身高判定一个人不能成为优秀篮球运动员，判定喜欢打扮的女孩不是出色的学生等，这是 典型的通过思维定势得出的固有印象。文章通过发生在迈克和我之间发生的故事，说明这种通过思 维定势来判定某个人往往是错误的。 26. A【解析】综合理解题。通览整篇短文，可知 B、C、D 三项都出现在了文章里面，A 项“不诚 实的孩子不可能是别人真正的朋友”没有出现。故选A。 27. C 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第六段 He was a boy with few words, but I like talking. We were totally different.的描述可推断作者认为他们不是一个类型的人，所以开始时不喜欢对方。故选C。 28. C【解析】 主旨大意题。 根据故事描述及最后一段I nearly made a big mistakejudging(判断) Mike only by his appearance.可知作者想告诉我们不要通过第一印象来判断某个人。 (2017江苏镇江)B B The Diary of Young Girl was written by a girl named Anne Frank. It is a true experience of a teenager in wartime (World War II, 1939-1945) and it has also become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit. Heres one of Annes diaries. Friday, 10 September, 1943Friday, 10 September, 1943 Dear Kitty,Dear Kitty, Every time I write to you something special seems to have happened, but they are more often unpleasant than pleasant things. However, now there is something wonderfulsomething wonderful going on. Last Wednesday evening, 8 September, we sat around listening to the seven oclock news and the first thing we heard was: “Here follows the best news of the whole war. Italy has capitulated!” Italys unconditional surrender1! The Dutch program from England began at quarter past eight. “Listeners, an hour ago, I had just finished writing the chronicle of the day when the wonderful news of Italys capitulation came in.I can tell you that I have never deposited2 my notes in the wastepaper basket with such joy! ” “God Save the King,” the American national anthem3, and the “Internationale” were played. As always, the Dutch program was uplifting 4, but not too optimistic.5 Still we have troubles, too, its about Mr. Koophuis. As you know, we are all very fond of him, he is always cheerful and amazingly brave, although he is never well, has a lot of pain, and is not allowed to eat much or do much walking. “When Mr. Koophuis enters, the sun begins to shine,” Mummy said just recently, and she is quite right. Now he has had to go into the hospital for a veryunpleasant abdominal operation and will have to stay there for at least four weeks. You really ought to have seen how he said good-bye to us just as usual-he might have simply been going out to do a bit of shopping. New words:New words: 1. 1. capitulatecapitulate v. to stop resisting an enemy and accept that you are defeatedSYNSYN surrendersurrender v.& n. 投降 2. 2. depositdeposit v. put down 放下，放置 3. 3. nationalnational anthem n. the official song of a nation that is sung on special occasions 国歌 4. 4. upliftinguplifting adj. making you feel happier or giving you more hope 令人振奋的 5. 5. optimistic optimistic adj. Expecting good things to happen or something to be successful 乐观的 5 29. The underlined phrase“something wonderful”“something wonderful” refers to (指代) that_. A. Annes family could listen to newsB. Italy capitulated C. the Dutch program was upliftingD. Mr. Koophuis was cheerful 30. What is the most probable date that Mr. Koophuis returned from hospital? A. 10 September.B. 24 September. C. 3 October.D. 17 October. 31. Which of the following is probablyNOTNOT true according to the passage? A. Anne often faced unpleasant things. B. Annes family got news on radio. C. Mr. Koophuis was welcome in Annes family. D. Mr. Koophuis was quite afraid of his operation. B 题材：历史长河 【主旨大意】本文为记述文，介绍了发生在二战期间一个叫安妮的女孩写的一篇记述当时战争情况 的日记。 29. B 【解析】细节理解题。短文中句子 “Here follows the best news of the whole war. Italy has capitulated!”提示上文的 something wonderful指的是意大利投降。故选B。 30. D 【解析】推理判断题。安妮写日记的日期为10 September，根据 Now he has had to go into a hospitaland will have to stay there for at least four weeks.“至少 4 周”可推断出 D 项“10 月 17 日” 符合推断的时间范围。 31. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据日记中You really ought to have seen how he said good-bye to us as usual-he might have simply been going out to do a bit of shopping. “像平常一样和我们告别，只是像他 可能出去买点东西” 的意义提示 Mr. Koophuis是一种乐观的情绪状态。 故 D 项的叙述 “Mr. Koophuis 很害怕手术”与文意不符。 (2017江苏镇江)C C Have you ever wondered how we know the things that we know? How do we know, for example, that the stars are really huge balls of fire like the Sun and very far away? And how do we know that the Earth is a smaller ball turning round one of those stars, the Sun? The key to those questions is “evidence”, which means the facts, signs or objects that make you believe something is true. Sometimes evidence means actually (实际地) seeing (or hearing, feeling, smelling.) that something is true. Astronauts have travelled far enough from the Earth to see with their own eyes that it is round. Sometimes our eyes need help. The “evening star” looks like a bright twinkle in the sky, but with a telescope (望远镜) you can see that it is a beautiful ball. Something that you learn by direct seeing (or hearing or feeling.) is called an observation. Often evidence isnt just observation on its own, but observation always hides at the back of it. If theres been a murder, often nobody (except the murderer and the dead person!) actually observed it. But detectives can gather together lots of other observations which may all point towards the suspect. If a persons fingerprints match those found on a knife, this is evidence that he touched it. It doesnt prove that he did the murder, but it can help when its joined up with lots of other evidence. Prediction (预测) helps to look for evidence. Scientists make a guess about what might be true. For example, if the world is really round, we can predict that any of us, going on and on in the same direction, should eventuallyeventually find ourselves back where we started. People sometimes say that you must believe in feelings deep inside, but not all the inside feelings are real evidence. 6 What can we do about all this? Whensomebody tells you something that sounds possible, think to yourself: “Is there any evidence for that?” An d, next time somebody tells you that something is true, why not say to them: “What kind of evidence is there for that?”Remember, always think carefully before you believe a word. 32. Which of the following isTRUETRUE according to the passage? A. What you see directly is real evidence. B. Prediction helps to prove something if it is true. C. People should always believe their inside feelings. D. Astronauts find the Earth is round with a telescope. 33. Why does the writer use the example of a detective in Paragraph 4? A. To explain what prediction is.B. To tell what observation is called. C. To introduce how detectives work.D. To prove evidence is not just observation. 34. The underlined “eventually” in Paragraph 5 means_. A. finallyB. probablyC. completelyD. luckily 35. Whats the best title of the passage? A. Evidence speaksB. Scientists make predictions C. Inside feelings help get ideasD. Observation offers the facts C 题材：科普常识 【主旨大意】证据是什么？证据是事实、迹象或使你相信某物是真的的某个物体。有时证据意味着 我们通过看、听、触摸、嗅等得到的感知。我们是通过这些证据来了知道万物的。证据和观察密不 可分，预测也利于找到证据。人们有时说相信内在的感觉，但内在的感觉不一定是真实的证据。所 以我们要做的就是问“有什么证据？” 32. B 【解析】细节理解题。通过第五段首句Prediction helps to look for evidence.“预测可以帮助寻 找证据”可知 B 项“预测帮助证明某事是否是真的”与其意义相符。故选B。 33. D【解析】推理判断题。第四段中的事例包括罪犯留在刀子上的指印等都用来证明证据不仅仅是 观察，而是和其它证据综合在一起。故选D。 34. A 【解析】猜测词义题。根据本段举例描述围着地球绕行一圈，可以判定画线单词意为“最后”， 符合句意“最后我们会发现我们会回到起点” 。 35. A 【解析】主旨大意题。短文围绕证据展开论述，所以短文的主旨意义是“用证据说话” 。故选 A 项符合短文主旨意义。 四、词汇运用（共四、词汇运用（共 1010 小题：每小题小题：每小题 1 1 分，满分分，满分 1010 分）分） A）根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词。 (2017江苏镇江)36. The boy and his father go_ (swim) every weekend. (2017江苏镇江)37. Young people working at Shanghai Disneyland are getting(busy) as more tourists visit the park. (2017江苏镇江)38. Many famous_ (director) wives appeared at the film festival with their husbands. (2017江苏镇江)39. With the_ (develop) of Xiongan New Area, more than 180,000 jobs can be provided for local people. (2017江苏镇江)40. Nicks mother worries about his_ (healthy) lifestyle, though he is a college student. 36. swimming 【解析】动词 go 提示构成固定短语 go swimming 表示“游泳” 。 37. busier【解析】 下文 more tourists“更多的游客”提示 busy 用比较级，表示“更繁忙” 。 38. directors【解析】形容词 many 提示用名词复数，用名词所有格形式，作定语，表示“导演们的 7 夫人” 。 39. development 【解析】介词 with 后用动词 develop 的名词形式 development 表示“发展” 。 40. unhealthy【解析】前文“担心”提示下文用 healthy 的反义词 unhealthy 修饰 lifestyle，表示“不 健康的生活方式” 。 B）根据句意及汉语提示，写出歌单词的正确形式，每空一词。 (2017江苏镇江)41. The dentist suggests that the girl should brush her_ (牙齿) before going to bed.