初三宾语从句教案

全方位教学辅导教案学科：英语 任课教师： 授课时间： 星期： 学 生张蕾性 别女年 级初三总课时： 小时 第 1 次课教 学内 容宾语从句（Object clauses)重 点难 点掌握引导宾语从句的引导词掌握宾语从句的语序掌握宾语从句主句与从句时态上的呼应教 学目 标掌握宾语从句的引导词：that, who, whether, if, what, how, when, where掌握宾语从句的语序：主句+引导词+主语+谓语掌握宾语从句主句与从句时态上的呼应掌握宾语从句的标点能综合运用宾语从句教学过程课 前检 查与交流作业完成情况：交流与沟通针对性授课 一、宾语从句的概念 句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或者动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。例如：I like my teacher. I know him. I know that Mr Li teaches English.句子结构：主句+引导词（连接词）+宾语从句2、 宾语从句三要素1.引导宾语从句的连接词（从属连接词和连接代词）；2.宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态（一）连接词（引导词）1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard. He said (that) he missed us very much.2、连词if、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.做主语：whether he will come is not decided.3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg. The teacher asked the new studentswhichclass he was in. I wonderwherehe got so much money.He asked who could answer the question.Do you know whom they are waiting for.Please tell me when we will have a meetingCould you tell me how i can get to the bus stationWould you tell me why the train is late【注意】由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg. I dont know how I should do with the presents.I dont know how to do with the presents.练习：Can you tell me how i can get to the station?（2） 语序 宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”（正常的主谓语序） eg： Please tell me where i can buy the beautiful flowers. Do you know what the population of China is?注意事项:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变，例如：Whatswrong(with you)?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?练习：翻译句子完成下列宾语从句：1. Pleasetellme_.（我们什么时候开会）2.Canyoutellme_.（他在哪儿）3.Couldyoutellme_.（我该怎么去车站）4.Wouldyoutellme_（为什么火车迟到了）5.Iwanttoknow_.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）6.Askhim_.（他是否能来）7. Idontknow_.（是否要下雨答案：1.Pleasetellmewhenwearegoingtohaveameeting.（我们什么时候开会）2.Canyoutellmewhereheis?（他在哪儿）3.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?（我该怎么去车站）4.Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（为什么火车迟到了）5.Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillgototheparkwithus.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）6.Askhimifhecancome.（他是否能来）7.Idontknowwhetheritwillrain(ornot).（是否要下雨）（3） 、时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任何时态。Idontthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe willgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。Eg：HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情况：1. 从句说明的是客观真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用一般现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.2. 即学即练子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_theseflowers_fromGuangdong.2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_light_fasterthansound.3. Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidntknow.Jackdid notknow_there_ameetinginfivedays.4. CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_French.5. Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme_thechildren_games.6. Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaChaoMr.ZhaoaskedMaChao_homeworkyet.7. Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_inthepicture?8. Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow_hercar?三、其他需要说明的问题：a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：(一主二宾三不变)“MayIuseyourknife？”Heaskedme.Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber？”Heaskedme.HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Whowillgiveusatalk?Idontknow.Idontknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow？Wheredoeshelive?Doyouknowwherehelives? 四、宾语从句和状语从句的区分：eg. 1) I will go out tomorrowif it is fine. 2) I dont knowif the train has arrived.句1中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好，我就出去。句2中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词dont know的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。判断方法：1、可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。2、从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当的时候”。3、从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。练习：1. She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it2. I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A. Whether B. where C. what D. when3. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you.A. if, whether B. whether, whether C. if, That D. if, If4. The small children dont know _.A. what is their stockings in B. where is in their stockingsC. where is their stocking in D. what in their stockings五、宾语从句的转化1.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如：IdontknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.Idontknowwhichsweatertobuy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?4.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.5.宾语从句的否定转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine,consider，fancy,guess等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来。如：I dont think you are right.I dont believe they have finished their work yet.课 堂检 测巩固练习1.Haveyoudecided_forAustralia?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleaveC.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave2.Canyoutellme_?A.wheredoesTomlive B.whereTomlivedC.Tomliveswhere D.whereTomlives3.Theoldmanaskedme_.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema4. Ithink_youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how5. Ididntknow_hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how6 .Iwonder_.A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost7. Sheaskedme_.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis8.Askhim_.A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup9.Idontknow_.A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong_.A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill11.Theweatherforecastdoesntsay_.A. ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow12.Doyouknow_?A. whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisisC.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto13.Couldyoutellmewhere_?A.thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape14.Theywanttoknow_?A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying15.Tonywantedtoknow_.A. whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstockingB.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking16. Nooneknows_theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if17.Julydidntknow_.A.whereisTimsfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch18.Noonetoldus_,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo19.Wedontknow_withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo20.Heaskedme_.A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney1.参考答案D你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。2.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语。3.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。4.参考答案Aif表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5.参考答案B有ornot，所以用whether.6.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序.7.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序,who作从句的宾语。8.参考答案Awhose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。9.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序。10.参考答案D主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我已经病了，所以用过去完成时态。课 后作 业选择题1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme_?A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtit D.wheredidyoubuyit2. Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?-Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why3.Doyouknow_thenewmobilephonelastweek?-Maybe900yuan.Imnotquitesure.A. howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthats_hesucceeds.A.what B.when C.why D.where5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.Itsabout_.A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueensreignofterror（恐怖统治）B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueensreignofterrorC.howAliceendedtheRedQueensreignofterrorD.whatAliceendedtheRedQueensreignofterror6. Doyouknow_thegirlinredis?Imnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what7.Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?-Theyalwaysletmedo_IthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what8.Iwanttoknow_.A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat9.-Wouldyoupleasetellme_?-At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave10.Couldyoutellme_?-FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.A.howIcanmeetCathyB.whereIcanmeetCathyC.whenIcanmeetCathy11.Doyouknow_themanwithsunglassesis?-Imnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank_tothezoothisSundayifit_?-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A. willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine13.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A. whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike14. Suetoldmethatshe_shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goes D.hasgone15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_.A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost16.-Whendoyouthink_?-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame17.Ourteachertoldusthesun_intheeast.A.rise B.roseC.risingD.rises18.-Listen!Itisstillnoisyintheheadteachersoffice.-Goandsee_theyhavefinishedcorrectingthepapersyet.A. thoughB.whetherC.unlessD.while19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?-Sorry.Idontknow_.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad20.Doyouknow_themanwithsunglassesis?-Imnotsure.Maybeareporter.A. whoB.whatC.whereD.how1【解析】选C2【解析】选B3【解析】选A4【解析】选C5【解析】选C6【解析】选D7【解析】选D8【解析】选A9【解析】选B10【解析】选A11【解析】选B12【解析】选A。结合题意汤姆，如果天气好的话，你知道弗兰克这个星期六将去动物园吗？可知第一个空是宾语从句，要用一般将来时，第二个空是条件状语从句，要用一般现在时，故排除B、C、D三项，选A。13【解析】选D。从语序方面先排除B，另结合时间状语inamillionyears可知要用一般将来时，14【解析】选B。结合主句中的told和从句中的thenextday可知要用过去将来时，故排除A、C、D三项15【解析】选C16【解析】选A。问句是带有插入语doyouthink的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，先排除B、C二项；另结合答句中的willpickhimup可知要用一般将来时，故舍D选A。17【解析】选D。从句中所说太阳从东边升起是客观事实，所以不管主句用什么时态，从句总是用一般现在时，故正确答案为D.18【解析】选B。考查whether引导的宾语从句。结合题意去看看他们是否已改完了试卷19【解析】选D20【解析】选B。四个选项都可以引导宾语从句，结合答语Maybeareporter.可知问句是在询问人的职业，故正确答案为B。题意为你知道那个戴眼镜的男人是做什么的吗？二、把下列句子变成含有宾语从句的复合句。1.Theticketsareinmypocket.Themansays.Themansays_2. IhavejoinedtheLeague.Hesays.Hesays_3. Theearthgoesroundthesun.Ourteachertellsus.Ourteachertellsus_4. HaveyouheardofanythingaboutMei?Themanasksus.Themanasksus_5.Canyouswim?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme_6.Howcanwedotheworkwell?Ialwaysthinkof_7.Whendoyougotobed?Heasksme.Heasksme_8.WheredidyoumeetMrGreen?Iwanttoknow_9.Whataretheydrawing?Doyouknow?Iwanttoknow_10. Wheredotheystoponth