2017年山东日照英语中考试题及解析

20172017 年日照市初中学生学业考试英语试题年日照市初中学生学业考试英语试题 第卷（选择题 共 75 分） 一、听力测试一、听力测试（共 20 小题，计 20 分） （暂时略） 二、单项选择二、单项选择（共 10 小题，满分 10 分）从每小题 A、B、C、D 中选出一个能填入句中空 白处的最佳答案。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）21. The TV show Letters Alive brings back people s _ of writing to each other. A. ideasB. hobbiesC. stylesD. memories 21. D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：电视节目见字如面把人们带回到那种给对方写信 的记忆情境中去。idea 意为“想法；主意” ；hobby“爱好” ；style“方式；风格” ；memory “记忆” 。根据句意可知用 memory，意为“记忆；回忆” 。故选 D。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）22. What time is it? Just a minute. I will _ it for you. A. examineB. checkC. watchD. set 22. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几点了？等一下。我这就给你查一下。 A. examine 意为“检查；仔细调查” ；check“查看；核对” ；watch“观看” ；set“设定” 。根 据句意可知是指查看时间。故选B。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）23. Could you please fix my phone? Sorry. The shop next may be _ . A. usefulB. helpfulC. carefulD. hopeful 23. B【解析】考查形容词的词义辨析。句意：请问你能维修一下我的电话吗？对 不起，旁边的那家商店或许能给你提供帮助。useful 意为“有用的” ；helpful“有帮助的” ； careful“小心的” ；hopeful“充满希望的” 。由 sorry 可知回答的人帮不上忙，故附近的商店 可能会维修。故选 B。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）24. If you want to be on the school football team, you _ train harder. A. canB. willC. mayD. must 24. D【解析】考查情态动词的用法辨析。句意：如果你想要参加学校的足球队，你必须更 加努力地参加训练。can 表示“能力” ；will 表示“将要” ；may 表示“许可或可能” ；must 表示命令或肯定推测，意为“必须；一定” 。根据句意可知选D。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）25. New media, like WeChat, _ the way of communications nowadays. A. are changingB. will changeC. changedD. were changing 25. A【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：新的传播媒介，比如像微信，现在正改变通讯方式。 nowadays 意为“目前；现在” ，常和现在进行时连用。故选A。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）26. Father _ goes to the gym with me although he dislikes going there. A. neverB. hardlyC. seldomD. sometimes 26. D【解析】考查副词用法辨析。句意：尽管父亲不喜欢去体育馆，但是他有时去那里。 never 意为“从来不”hardly“几乎不” ；seldom“很少” ；sometimes“有时” 。选项 A，B 和 C 都表示否定；只有选项 D 表示肯定。句中的 although 表示转折，由 dislike 可知主句要用 肯定形式。故选 D。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）27. Milk quickly goes bad _ its put in the fridge. A. ifB. unlessC. whetherD. until 1 27. B【解析】考查连词用法辨析。句意：牛奶很快就会变质，除非把它放到冰箱里。 if 意为 “如果” ； unless“除非；如果不” ；whether“是否” ；until“直到为止” 。根据句意可 知这里表示否定的条件。故选B。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照） 28. Li Huas parents hold different opinions on whether they should have_ child. A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the other 28.A【解析】考查代词的用法。句意：李华的父母对于他们是否应该再要一个孩子，坚持不 同的观点。another 表示“三个、三个以上或不定数量中的另一个” ，后接单数名词；other 意为 “其他的” ， 其后常接名词复数； others 意为 “其他的” ， 相当于 other+名词复数； the other 表示“两者当中的另一个” 。根据句意故选 A。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）29. The notice says the sports meeting has been _ till next week. A. put onB. put downC. put offD. put up 29. C 【解析】考查动词短语用法辨析。句意：通知上写着运动会已经被推迟到下个星期举 行。put on 意为“穿上；上演；增加（体重等） ” ；put down “镇压；批评” ；put off“推迟； 摆脱” ；put up “张贴；举起” 。根据句意故选 C。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）30. The door bell is ringing, please go and see _ . A. who is itB. who it isC. who was itD. who it was 30. B【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。句意：门铃正响个不停，请去看看是谁（在门外） 。宾 语从句要用陈述句的语序，故排除选项 A 和 C；根据语境判断主句是现在时，宾语从句也 要用现在的时态。故选B。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）二、完形填空：二、完形填空： （共 15 小题，满分15 分）阅读下面的短文，然后从短文 后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I was never very neat(整洁), while my roommate Kate was well organized. Each of her things always had its31, but I was always looking for something every minute. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my32clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got33of each other. We broke out one morning. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her shouting.“ Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Then, I saw my34flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling (叫嚷), but she yelled35louder. The room was filled with36. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate37it. From her end of the conversation, I could38right away her grandma was seriously39. When she hung up, she quickly crawled ( 爬) into her bed, under the covers, sobbing (抽噎). Clearly, that was something she should not go through40. All of a sudden, a41 feeling rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the shoes and swept the floor, even on her42. I got so into my work that I even didnt notice Kate had 43up. She looked at me in surprise, reaching out her hands to get hold of mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me.“ Thanks.” Kate and I44roommates for the rest of the year. We didnt always45, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 31. A. way 32. A. dirty B. placeC. name C. old 2 D. seat B. cleanD. new 33. A. afraid 35. A. back B. tired B. books B. up B. sadness B. replied B. tell B. fast B. relaxing B. line B. weak C. excited C. shoes C. off C. surprise D. nervous 34. A. shirts 36. A. silence 37. A. answered 38. A. believe 39. A. worried 40. A. alone 41. A. pleased 42. A. bed 43. A. woken 44. A. started D. socks D. away D. anger D. called D. make D. ill D. easily D. warm D. area D. turned D. grew C. received C. heavy C. properly C. happy C. side C. sat C. catch B. come B. stayedC. became 45. A. argueB. promiseC. agreeD. share 题材：人物故事 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。 讲述了作者与她的一位室友凯特性格各异， 一个生活邋遢， 一个非常爱干净整洁，两人相处久了，难免产生摩擦冲突。后来凯特因家里突遇不幸而伤心 难过，作者开始改变自己的生活作风，还主动帮助凯特收拾东西。 这一细节打动了凯特，她 们二人重归于好，从此成为最要好的朋友。 31. B【解析】考查名词辨析。由上下文可知：凯特对自己的生活规划有序，一段时间过后， 她变得更爱干净整洁，故判断本句句意为：她的每样东西总是摆放得井井有条。故用名词 place，意为“地方；位置” 。故选 B。 32. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。由上文“她变得更爱干净整洁，我更邋遢” ，可判断句 意为：她将把我的脏衣服扔到一边，我把我的书放在她的整洁的课桌上。故用形容词dirty， 意为“肮脏的” 。故选 A。 33. B【解析】考查形容词辨析。结合上文可知：我们两个人的行为都让对方感觉不开心。 故判断句意为：我们两个人都非常讨厌对方。固定用法：get tired of 意为“讨厌；厌倦” 。 故选 B。 34. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。由上文“把你的放在我的床下面的鞋拿走”可知本句句 意为：然后我看见我的鞋朝我飞了过来。故用名词shoes，意为“鞋” 。故选 C。 35. C【解析】考查副词用法辨析。句意：我恼火地从地上跳了起来，开始对她大吼大叫， 但是她的叫嚷声比我吵闹的声音还要大。 固定用法： yell off意为 “高喊” ， 相当于 shout loudly。 故选 C。 36. D【解析】考查名词用法辨析。结合上文“两人相互吵闹起来” ，可判断本句句意为：房 间里充满了一股吵架的火药味。 silence 意为 “安静” ； sadness “伤心” ； surprise “惊奇” ； anger “愤怒” 。根据句意故选 D。 37. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。由上文的“for a phone call”可知句意为：凯特去接听的 这个电话。 reply 和 answer 都可表示 “回答” ， 但表示 “应答电话或门铃等” ， 要用动词 answer。 故选 A。 38. C【解析】考查动词用法辨析。由下文“我对她的同情和帮助” ，可判断本句句意为：从 她的谈话的最后几句我立刻明白了她家里发生了不幸的事情。动词catch 可表示“理解；听 得懂” 。故选 C。 39. D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。由下文“她挂了电话后，爬上床，在被子里哭泣”，可 判断句意为：她奶奶病得很严重。worried 意为“担心的” ；weak“虚弱的” ；heavy“重的” ； ill“有病的” ，根据句意故选 D。 3 40. A【解析】考查副词用法辨析。句意：很明显，她遇到了她不能独自承受的麻烦。alone 意为“独自地” ；fast“快速地” ；properly“合理地” ；easily“容易地” 。根据句意故选 A。 41. D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然之间，一种温暖的情感在我心里滋生蔓延。 pleased 意为“满意的” ；relaxing“令人放松的” ；happy“高兴的” ；warm“温暖的” 。根据 下文我开始改变正自己的缺点， 以及为遇到不幸的她做事情， 可判断应排除选项 A， B 和 C。 故选 D。 42. C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我慢慢地收拾铅笔，把我的书拿回来，整理床铺、擦 我的鞋、拖地，甚至她那一边的地我也拖了。故用side 意为“边沿；侧” 。故选 C。 43. B【解析】考查固定搭配。由下文“她伸出手来，紧紧地和我的手我在一起” ，可判断本 句句意为：我如此投入于我的劳动， 以至于我甚至都没有注意到凯特向我走了过来。 固定用 法：wake up 意为“醒来；喊醒” ；come up“靠近；走向” ；turn up“转身；调大（声音） ” 根据句意故选 B。 44. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：在这一年剩下的这段时间里，我和凯特一直是 舍友。start 意为“开始” ；stay“保持的状态” ；become“变得；成为” ；grow“种植； 长大” 。根据句意故选 B。 45. C【解析】考查动词用法辨析。句意为：我们并不总是意见一致，但是我们学会了和睦 相处、相互退让容忍、保持清洁以及坚持到底等关键所在。 argue 意为“争吵” ；promise“承 诺” ；agree“同意” ；share“分享” 。根据句意故选 C。 四、阅读理解阅读理解( (共共 1515 小题，满分小题，满分 3030 分）分） 阅读下列材料，然后从每小题A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所 给句子的最佳答案。 （20172017山东日照）山东日照）A 1 Artist Tries to Solve the Smog Problem Beijing is a city often covered with smog. Many people are looking for ways to solve it. A Dutch artist has made a tower that takes in smog and gives off clean air. This tower is 7 metres tall and is the biggest air cleaner in the world, according to Chinanew. com. It can clean the air in an area the size of a soccer field in 36 hours. Beijing has been testing the tower since January. But some experts don t think this tower can truly work. Its more of an art piece to raise peoples awareness (意识) of air protection, they said. People will know if the tower works when the results come out. Teens 2 The World s Worst Traffic If we travel in big cities, its very likely that we will come across traffic jams, which often make us complain (抱怨). But people in Bangkok, Thailand, have more to complain about. This is because Bangkok has the worst evening rush hour traffic in the world, according to a GPS company in Europe. Each year, the company will work out a list of the world s most congested (拥堵的) cities. The results are based on statistics ( 数据) of 390 cities across the world. This year, Chinese cities Chongqing and Zhuhai are also on the list. 4 The list aims to help drivers and cities understand the traffic trends ( 趋势) and take actions to improve the bad traffic. Teens 46. Who comes up with the idea of building the tower? A. An artist.B. A scientistC. An expert.D. Chinanew. com. 47. Some experts think the tower _. A. really works wellB. needs more tests C. is like a soccer fieldD. is more of an art piece 48. According to passage 2, _ is the city with the worst traffic this year. A. BangkokB. ChongqingC. ZhuhaiD. Beijing 49. The list in Passage 2 mainly aims to _ . A. offer statisticsB. describe the traffic in Thailand C. help cities better their trafficD. call on people to ride bikes 50. The passages above are _ . A. postersB. adsC. newsD. notices 题材：环境保护 【主旨大意主旨大意】本文是两则新闻报道， 第一则，介绍的是一位荷兰的美术家设计发明了一个能 吸收烟雾、释放新鲜空气的塔。人们关心的是这种塔是否有如此神奇的效果；第二则， 介绍 的是世界上很多城市都存在交通拥堵的问题， 欧洲的一家公司列举了世界上交通最拥堵的一 些城市。 46. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁想出来的建造这个（保护环境的）塔的想法？根 据第一则新闻报道中的“A Dutch artist has made a tower that takes in smog and gives off clean air”可知是一位荷兰美术家想出来的这个主意。故选A。 47. D【解析】 细节理解题。 题干意为： 一些专家认为这座塔_。 选项 A“效果非常好” ； 选项 B.“需要更多的测试验证” ；选项 C.“像一个大的足球场” ；选项 D.“只是一件艺术作 品” 。根据第一则新闻第二段中的“But some experts dont think this tower can truly work. Its more of an art piece to raise peoples awareness of air protection” ，可知，一些专家不太相信这 座塔真的有保护环境的功能，他们认为它只是一件艺术作品。故选D。 48. A【解析】细节理解题，题干意为：根据原文第二段，是今年交通状况最差的城 市。根据第二则新闻第二段中的“This is because Bangkok has the worst evening rush hour traffic in the world”可知，泰国首都曼谷在世界上交通状况最差。故选A。 49. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第二段中列举的世界上最拥堵的城市清单，主要目 的是_。选项 A.“提供数据” ；选项 B.“描述泰国的交通状况” ；选项 C.“帮助城市改 善他们的交通状况” ； 选项 D. “号召人们骑自行车 （出行） ” 。 由第二则新闻最后一段中的 “The list aims to help drivers and cities understand the traffic trends and take actions to improve the bad traffic.”可知，列举这个交通状况清单的目的是帮助司机师傅和城市了解交通趋势，并且采 取行动来改善拥挤的交通状况，故选C。 50. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：上面的两篇小短文是_。选项 A.“海报” ；选项 B.“广告” ；选项C.“新闻” ；选项D.“通知启示” 。通读原文，全文主要介绍了荷兰艺术家 发明减少雾霾污染的宝塔； 以及世界上交通状况最糟糕的一些城市， 这些都是人们关注的最 近发生的热点新闻。故选C。 5 （20172017 山东日照）山东日照）B Many kids help parents to do chores in the house. They may take out the trash, walk the dog or sweep the floor. In return, some kids get money or other rewards from their parents, such as 20 minutes to play computer games. But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. One of them is Jane Smith, a parenting educator and family coach. She believes if kids get rewards, they may think that work isn t worth doing unless you get something in return. For example. kids wont sweep the floor if they see it is dirty. But they will do it if their parents reward them for it. “Every house is a team effort,” Jane said. “A home is a living space for everyone in the family. Its important for kids to see that we all have a responsibility to keep our home clean.” Other people hold different opinions. They believe that money or other rewards encourage kids to do more chores. It also teaches them real world lessons. They can learn about how we need to work to make money. Now, there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores. The apps give kids points and digital (电子的) gifts that can be used either online or in life. With the app ChoreMonster, kids earn digital points after doing chores. Kids can exchange their points for real rewards, such as time to play video games or a trip to the mall.“Our goal is to encourage kids so they can earn rewards,” says Joe Black, founder of ChoreMonster. “Kids need positive (积极的) power to make them do chores.” 51. Jane Smith thinks that _ . A. housework isnt worth doing B. kids are not willing to do chores C. kids should get something in return D. kids shouldnt get rewards for doing chores 52. ChoreMonster is a(n) _ . A. educatorB. coachC. appD. app founder 53. If rewarded for doing chores, kids can learn to _ . A. take responsibilitiesB. use apps well C. make money through workD. understand team effort 54. Whats the purpose of the apps mentioned in the passage? A. To give kids points and gifts. B. To encourage kids to do chores. C. To exchange points for real rewards D. To give kids advice on doing chores 55. The passage mainly talks about _ . A. how to encourage kids to do chores B. what kind of chores kids should do C. if kids should do chores at home D. whether kids should be rewarded for doing chores 题材：快乐成长 【主旨大意主旨大意】 本文是一篇议论文。 谈论的是孩子在家里帮助父母做家务是否应该得到报酬或 一些优惠条件。有的人认为不可取，理由是会助长孩子有报酬才干活的心理； 有的人却赞成 6 这种观点，因为这样做能够培养孩子为挣钱而辛苦工作的精神和生活习惯。 51. D【解析】 细节理解题。 题干意为： Jane Smith 认为。根据第二段第一句 “But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. One of them is Jane Smith ”可 知，教育家 Jane Smith 主张孩子们不应该因为做家务劳动，就得到一些报酬。故选D。 52. C【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：ChoreMonster 是一个_。选项 A “教育家” ； 选项 B“教练” ；选项 C “计算机应用程序” ；选项 D “计算机程序研发者” 。根据第五段 中的“With the app ChoreMonster, kids earn digital points after doing chores ” ，可知这是一款可 以让孩子们通过做家务来挣取积分的电脑程序。故选C。 53. C 【解析】 细节理解题， 题干意为： 如果做家务可以获得报酬的话， 孩子们可以学会。 选项 A.“承担责任” ；选项 B“较好地使用电脑程序” ；选项 C.“通过劳动挣钱” ；选项 D. “理解共同努力 （的理念） ” 。 根据第四段的最后 “They can learn about how we need to work to make money.”可知“孩子做家务获得报酬， 可以帮助他们了解如何通过劳动挣钱” 。故选 C。 54. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：文中提到的“apps”的意图是什么？选项 A.“送给 孩子们积分和礼物” ；选项B. “鼓励孩子们做家务活” ；选项C.“把积分兑换真正的报酬” ； 选项 D “给孩子们提一些有关做家务的建议” 。 根据第五段第一句 “Now, there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores”可知，现在也有一些 apps(电脑应用程序）鼓励孩子们做家务。 故选 B。 55. D【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇短文主要谈论的是 _。选项 A.“怎样鼓励 孩子们做家务” ；选项 B.“孩子们应该做什么类型的家务” ；选项 C.“孩子们是否应该在家 做家务” ；选项 D.“孩子们是否应该因为做家务而获得报酬” 。通读原文可知，本文主要谈 论的是孩子们在家做家务是否应该获得报酬。故选D。 （20172017 山东日照）山东日照）C Thinking is something you choose to do, just as a fish choose to live in water. To be human is to be always thinking. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your own ideas, or you might be controlled by others ideas. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education. The word “critical” here has a special meaning. It doesn t mean taking one opinion against another, as when someone criticizes (批评) another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond ( 超出) what you easily see-beyond the pictures on TV or reports in newspapers. What are critical thinkers like? If you want to know about life and hope to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker. Critical thinking is a deep and careful thinking. Ittakes time, and doesn t go with the fast speed in todays world. If you are among people who believe speed is a measure of intelligence (智力测量), you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Hoffman, a well-known scientist, talked with Einstein about his work, he was too nervous to speak. But Einstein got him relaxed right away by saying.“Please go slowly. I don t understand things quickly.” 56. According to the passage, if we dont think critically, _ . A. it will be hard for us to think fast B. we will make mistakes easily C. we might be fooled by other people 7 D. we might be controlled by others ideas 57. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Dont believe in others.B. Criticizing others is wrong. C. What the word“critical” means.D. The word “critical” is quite special. 58. If you are a critical thinker, you will _ . A. think deeply about different ideas B. believe the reports in newspapers C. take one opinion against another D. criticize other people for their mistakes 59. The story of Einstein mentioned in the passage shows _ . A. Einstein thinks quicklyB. Hoffman thinks slowly C. speed can improve intelligenceD. intelligence is not decided by speed 60. What can be the best title of the passage? A. Critical ThinkersB. Critical Thinking C. Thinking NaturallyD. Thinking Fast 题材：科普常识 【主旨大意主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是批判性思考的相关情况。它是教育的关键， 它是更深入、更细心的思考。文中还附带介绍了批判性思想家的一些性格特点等。 56. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据原文，如果我们不批判性地思考的话，。 根据第一段中的“When you think critically, you take control of your own ideas. or you might be controlled by othersideas.”可知，当你批判性地去思考的话，你就能控制你自己的思想，不 然的话，你就会被别人的思想所控制。故选D。 57. C【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第二段的主要意思是什么。第二段的首句“ The word critical here has a special meaning.”是该段的中心句。本段主要介绍的是“ critical”这个 单词的意思是什么。故选C。 58. A【解析】细节理解题，题干意为：如果你是一位批判性思想家的话，你将会。 选项 A.“深入思考不同的观点” ；选项 B“相信报纸上的报道” ；选项 C.“坚持一方观点， 反对另一方观点” ；选项 D.“批评其他人所犯的错误” 。根据第三段中的“If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker. ” 可知， 如果 你能在深入思考不同的观点、 角色人物和事实的时候发现乐趣的话， 你就是一位批判性思想 家。故选 A。 59. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：本文提到的爱因斯坦的故事表明 _。选项A.“爱 因斯坦思考的速度很快” ；选项 B.“科学家 Hoffman 思考问题很慢” ；选项 C.“速度能够提 高人的智力” ；选项D“智力不受速度的制约和影响” 。根据最后一段中的“If you are among people who believe speed is a measure of intelligence, you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein.”以及爱因斯坦安慰Hoffman 让他放松点，而说的话“Please go slowly. I dont understand things quickly.”可知，智力不受速度的制约。故选D。 60. B【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇短文的最佳题目是什么？通读原文可知，本文 主要谈论的是批判性思考的话题。故选B。 第卷第卷( (非选择题共非选择题共 4545 分分) ) （20172017山东日照）山东日照）五、单词拼写（共五、单词拼写（共 l0 l0 小题，计小题，计 1010 分分) ) 根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。 61. Hard work is the key to s_ . 8 62. We cant just waste food when half the world is still h_ . 63. I missed the last bus, so I had no c_ but to walk home. 64. Tom is such an h_ person that we all trust him. 65. We are s_ to behave properly in public places. 66. One Belt One Road is_ (广泛) accepted in the world. 67. Im sure if you ask her for help, Alice wont _(拒绝). 68. A new shopping centre will be built _( 对面) the city hall. 69. Teenagers should be encouraged to make _( 决定) by themselves. 70. Chinese government _(提供) tents and medicines for Sri Lanka the week before last. 61. success 【解析】考查名词的用法。题干意为：努力工作是取得成功的秘诀。根据语境可 知“辛勤的汗水才会换来成功的喜悦”