审计学一种整合方法课件

AuditEvidence,Chapter7,LearningObjective1,Contrastauditevidencewithevidenceusedbyotherprofessions.,NatureofEvidence,Theuseofevidenceisnotuniquetoauditors,Evidenceisalsousedbyscientists,lawyers,andhistorians,LearningObjective2,Identifythefourauditevidencedecisionsthatareneededtocreateanauditprogram.,AuditEvidenceDecisions,1.Whichauditprocedurestouse,2.Whatsamplesizetoselectforagivenprocedure,3.Whichitemstoselectfromthepopulation,4.Whentoperformtheprocedures(timing),AuditProgram,Itincludesalistoftheauditprocedurestheauditorconsidersnecessary.,Mostauditorsusecomputerstofacilitatethepreparationofauditprograms.,SamplesizesItemstoselectTimingofthetests,LearningObjective3,Specifythecharacteristicsthatdeterminethepersuasivenessofevidence.,PersuasivenessofEvidence,Appropriateness,Sufficiency,Twodeterminants:,SixCharacteristicsofReliableEvidence,1.Independenceofprovider,2.Effectivenessofclientsinternalcontrols,3.Auditorsdirectknowledge,SixCharacteristicsofReliableEvidence,4.Qualificationofindividualsprovidingtheinformation,5.Degreeofobjectivity,6.Timeliness,RelationshipsAmongAuditEvidenceandPersuasiveness,AuditEvidenceDecisions,QualitiesAffectingPersuasivenessofEvidence,Auditproceduresandtiming,AppropriatenessRelevanceReliabilityIndependenceofproviderEffectivenessofinternalcontrolsAuditorsdirectknowledgeQualificationsofproviderObjectivityofevidenceTimelinessWhenproceduresareperformedPortionofperiodbeingaudited,Samplesizeanditemstoselect,SufficiencyAdequatesamplesizeSelectionofproperpopulationitems,PersuasivenessandCost,Inmakingdecisionsaboutevidenceforagivenaudit,bothpersuasivenessandcostmustbeconsidered.,Theauditorsgoalistoobtainasufficientamountofappropriateevidenceatthelowesttotalcost.,LearningObjective4,Identifyandapplytheeighttypesofevidenceusedinauditing.,TypesofAuditEvidence,1.Physicalexamination2.Confirmation3.Documentation4.Analyticalprocedures5.Inquiriesoftheclient6.Recalculation7.Reperformance8.Observation,Relationships,Auditingstandards,Evidenceaccumulation,Typesofevidence,Auditprocedures,Qualificationsandconduct,Samplesizeanditemstoselect,Timingoftests,Reporting,PhysicalexaminationConfirmationDocumentationAnalyticalproceduresInquiriesoftheclientRecalculationReperformanceObservation,Broadguidelinesconcerningauditorqualificationsandconduct,evidenceaccumulation,andreporting,Broadcategoriesofevidenceavailablefortheauditorsaccumulation,Specificinstructionsfortheaccumulationoftypesofevidence,FOURAUDITEVIDENCEDECISIONS,PhysicalExamination,Itistheinspectionorcountbytheauditorofatangibleasset.,Thistypeofevidenceismostoftenassociatedwithinventoryandcash.,Confirmation,Information,Source,Assets,CashinbankAccountsreceivableNotesreceivableOwnedinventoryoutonconsignmentInventoryheldinpublicwarehousesCashsurrendervalueoflifeinsurance,BankCustomerMakerConsigneePublicwarehouseInsurancecompany,Confirmation,Information,Source,Liabilities,AccountspayableNotespayableAdvancesfromcustomersMortgagespayableBondspayable,CreditorLenderCustomerMortgagorBondholder,Confirmation,Information,Source,OwnersEquity,Sharesoutstanding,Registrarandtransferagent,OtherInformation,InsurancecoverageContingentliabilitiesBondindentureagreementsCollateralheldbycreditors,InsurancecompanyBank,lender,andclientslegalcounselBondholderCreditor,Documentation,Itistheauditorsinspectionoftheclientsdocumentsandrecords.,Internaldocuments,Externaldocuments,AnalyticalProcedures,Understandtheclientsindustryandbusiness,Assesstheentitysabilitytocontinueasagoingconcern,Indicatethepresenceofpossiblemisstatementsinthefinancialstatements,Reducedetailedaudittests,InquiriesoftheClient,Itistheobtainingofwrittenororalinformationfromtheclientinresponsetoquestionsfromtheauditor.,Recalculation,Itinvolvesrecheckingasampleofcalculationsmadebytheclient.,Reperformance,Itistheauditorsindependenttestsofclientaccountingproceduresorcontrolsthatwereoriginallydone.,Observation,Itistheuseofthesensestoassessclientactivities.,Theauditormaytourtheplanttoobtainageneralimpressionoftheclientsfacilities.,AppropriatenessofTypesofEvidence,TypeofevidenceIndependenceofproviderEffectivenessofclientsinternalcontrolsAuditorsdirectknowledgeQualificationsofproviderObjectivityofevidence,TermsandTypesofEvidence,Terms,TypeofEvidence,ExamineScanReadComputeRecomputeFootTraceCompareCountObserveInquireVouch,DocumentationAnalyticalproceduresDocumentationAnalyticalproceduresRecalculationRecalculationDocumentation/ReperformanceDocumentationPhysicalexaminationObservationInquiriesofclientDocumentation,LearningObjective5,Understandthepurposesofauditdocumentation.,AuditDocumentation,Auditdocumentationistheprincipalrecordofauditingproceduresapplied,evidenceobtained,andconclusionsreachedbytheauditorintheengagement.,AuditDocumentation,Purposesofauditdocumentation,Ownershipofauditfiles,Confidentialityofauditfiles,Sarbanes-OxleyAct,TheSarbanes-OxleyActrequiresauditorsofpubliccompaniestoprepareandmaintainauditworkingpapersforaperiodofnolessthansevenyears.,LearningObjective6,Prepareorganizedauditdocumentation.,PermanentFiles,Thesefilesareintendedtocontaindataofahistoricalorcontinuingnaturepertinenttothecurrentaudit.,CurrentFiles,Auditprogram,Generalinformation,Workingtrialbalance,Adjustingandreclassificationentries,Supportingschedules,RelationshipofAuditDocumentationtoFinancialStatements,FINANCIALSTATEMENTSCash122Acc.,WORKINGTRIALBALANCEPrelim.AJEsFinalCash212(90)122,AJEsExpense90Cash90,LEADSCHEDULECASHA-1PerG/LAJEsFinalPettyCashA-255CashinBank:GeneralA-3186(90)96PayrollA-42121212(90)122,RelationshipofAuditDocumentationtoFinancialStatements,A-3/1Confirmation,A-3/2O/SCheckList,A-4/2O/SCheckList,A-4/1Confirmation,A-2CashCountSheet,A-3BankReconciliation,A-4BankReconciliation,LEADSCHEDULECASHA-1PerG/LAJEsFinalPettyCashA-255CashinBank:GeneralA-3186(90)96PayrollA-42121212(90)122,TypesofSupportingSchedules,Analysis,Trialbalanceorlist,Reconciliationofamounts,Testsofreasonableness,TypesofSupportingSchedules,Summaryofprocedures,E