自考英语二作文范文PPT参考课件.ppt

作文,1,一、话题类作文,2,2012年06月四级作文,Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnExcessivePackagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.1目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2出现这一现象的原因3我对这一现象的看法和建议,3,Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernoverexcessivepackaginginourcountry.Itisknowntoallthatexcessivepackaginghasnegativeinfluencesonconsumers.Andpeoplewouldturnpaleattheverymentionofexcessivepackaging.,4,Therearemanyreasonswhyexcessivepackagingemerges,butingeneral,theycomedowntothreemajorones.Foronething,Iargue,Chineseconsumerscaremoreaboutpackagingthanproductitself.Foranother,thepackagingoftenrepresentsthequalityofproduct,sothemanufactureriseagertodoexcessivepackaging.Buttheprimereasonisperhapsthatthedepartmentconcernedturnsablindeyetothisirrationalphenomenon.,5,Inregardtothisproblem,stepsshouldbetakentominimizeit.Thefirstthingweshoulddoistoemphasizeproductsqualityoveritspackaging.Anotherthingwecandoistostrengthenthesupervisiononexcessivepackaging.Inaddition,theInternetisoneofthemosteffectivemediathatremindconsumerstospendreasonably.,6,1对立观点式,A有人认为X是好事，赞成X，为什么？B有人认为X是坏事，反对X，为什么？C我的看法。,7,SomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一个原因。Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个原因。However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对X的第一个理由。Anexamplecangivethedetailsofthisargument:一个例子。Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages.Inadditiontotheabove-mentionednegativeeffectsitmightbringabout,XalsomayX的有一个坏处。,8,2批驳观点式,A一个错误观点。B我不同意,9,Manypeoplearguethat错误观点.Bysayingthat,theymean对这个观点的进一步解释.Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat一个例子.Theremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeoplesbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat与错误观点相反的观点.Thereareanumberofreasonsbehindmybelief.列举理由和例子.,10,3社会问题（现象）式,A一个社会问题或者现象。B产生的原因C对社会和我们生活的影响D如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话）即：“描述现象”“分析原因”“建议措施”,11,Nowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic).Accordingtoasurvey,调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。Thereareacoupleofreasonsboomingthisproblem/phenomenon.Xhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulated（表达）inthefollowingaspects.AdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.Basedontheabovediscussions,Isuggestthatweshould.,12,议论文的框架,13,1.不同观点列举型（选择型）Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat作文题目.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajorityofpeoplethinkthat观点一.Intheirviewsthereare2factorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,原因一.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,原因二.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat观点一People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeopleholdtheideathat观点二.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand，原因一.Ontheotherhand,原因二.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthat观点二.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat观点一或二.Itisnotonlybecause_,butalsobecause_.Themore_,themore_.,14,（2）利弊型的议论文Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)作文题目.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin题目议题.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,优点一.Andsecondly优点二.Justasapopularsayinggoes,everycoinhastwosides,讨论议题isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,缺点一.Inaddition,缺点二.Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof讨论议题intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe讨论议题.,15,(3)答题性议论文Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)作文题目.Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,途径一.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis途径二.Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof作文题目,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,方法.,16,(4)谚语警句性议论文Itiswellknowntousthattheproverb:谚语hasaprofoundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans谚语的含义.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.(alsotheoretically)Acaseinpointis例子一.Therefore,itisgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatofimportancetopracticetheproverb谚语.WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:谚语.Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.,17,常用句子,18,Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.,19,1.表示原因Therearethreereasonsforthis2.表示好处Itisofgreatbenefittous3.表示坏处However，everythingdividesintotwoItisharmfultous4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能Itisimportant（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）forsbtodosth,20,5.表示措施Weshouldtryourbesttoovercomethedifficulties6.表示变化SomechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyearsThecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation7.表示事实、现状Wecannotignorethefactthat8表示比较IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV,21,9表示数量Ithasincreased（decreased）fromto10表示看法Peoplehave（take，adopt，assume）differentattitudestowardssth11表示结论Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove，wecancometotheconclusionthatisnecessary，however，itsmethodshouldbeimproved12套语Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit,22,二、图画类作文,23,2013年06月四级作文,Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.对白：SON:Dad,Iamabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearwaste.DAD:Ifyoucanemptythedustbinhere,youcandoanything.,24,25,四级考试图画作文盛行三段式写法要掌握,第一段，重点描述图画内容。这点在题干中也有强调(withabriefdescriptionofthepicture)。对图画内容的描述可以饮用图画中人物的对话。简要描述即可，不用发散或挖掘。也就意味着，事实上你若看不懂图画中的“核废物”（disposingofnuclearwaste），其实没关系，照抄就好。,26,四级考试图画作文盛行三段式写法要掌握,第二段，阐明观点。而观点在题干中事实上给得很清楚：theimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.这进一步说明仔细审清题干比看懂图画中的对话更重要。阐明观点之后的思路与一般的六级提纲型写作一致，如我们一般在课上所提的，可以先举例说明现象、然后再探讨导致现象的原因以及该现象可能导致的影响等;还可结合数字、研究、名言等进行论证。,27,四级考试图画作文盛行三段式写法要掌握,末段，除了总结观点外，一般还可以提出建议。这段的写法无论是图画、图表还是提纲写作、甚至格言谚语型写作，都差别不大。,28,范文1,(1).Inthispicture,wecantellthatthesonistalkingtohisfatherabouthisconcernaboutthenuclearwaste.Hisfathertoldhimthatifhecanemptythedustbinfirst,hecandoanything.Thisisaneasybutveryimportantstory,tellingusthatwehavetofocusonthingsaroundourdailylifefirst,andthenthethingsgreatenoughintheworld.,29,(2).Inourdailylife,itisverycommontofindsomepeoplethattalkabouttheirgreatmindsontopicsthatfarawayfromtheirlives.However,theyprovidelittleconcernonstaffsthataroundtheirowndailylives.Thesepeopleareusuallynotverysuccessfulbecausetheirmindsarebeyondtheirgrasp.Tothisend,studentswhowanttobeabetterman,havetoknowthatonecanbecomegreaterandgreateriftheycancompletethingsaroundtheirdailylifewellonebyone.Theymaystandonthetopofthemountaininthesocietyfinally.,30,范文2,(1).Talkinginthecartoonaretwoman,whoareaboyandhisfather.Theboyisworriedabouttheexpectableimpactsthedisposalofthenuclearwastemaycause,whilehisfatheristellinghimthatwhatmattersnowshouldbeemptyingthedustbininfrontofthem.,31,(2).Itistheprofoundimplicationbeneaththesurfaceofthissimpleandsarcasticdrawingthatoughttobetakenintoaccount:onewhocancopewithsmalltasksfirstcanthenundertakesomethingbig.Takingalookaround,wecaneasilyfindsomestudentsdreamingoftheirbrilliantfuturebutunwillingtoattendclassesortodohomework,somenetizensworriedaboutthefateofournationbutrefusingtobetterthemselvesfirst,someofficialsclaimingtheirdeterminationsinmakingoursocietyabetterplacebutreluctanttogiveuppartsoftheirowninterests.,32,Suchphenomenacollectivelyreflectthefactthatsomemoderncitizens,especiallyanumberofyoungpeople,lackthespiritof“thinkbig,downtoearth”.Thiscanbechieflyduetothefactthatthesepeoplearesolazyandblindthattheyareonlyinwantofafruitfuloutcomebutnevermakeanyefforts.Asafamoussayinggoes,youreapwhatyousow.Thosewhowantstoflybutforgetthepowerofthegravitywillbesuretofalldownonthegroundandhurtbadlyasaresult.,33,(3).Therefore,Isupposeitisimperativeforyoungpeopletounderstandtheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Notonlyarewesupposedtolearnknowledgeandtoenhanceourabilities,wealsoneedtotakeseriouslytheassignmentsweconfront.Ibelieveonlyaftereachofusmanagestostrengthenhimselforherselfwilltheproblemsworryingusnowbesettledinthedaystocome.,34,三、图表类作文,35,图表作文的篇章结构,写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议,36,图表作文常用的句型,（1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法）Accordingtothetable/piechart/linegraph/bargraph,wecansee/concludethat根据该表/图，我们可知Thetable/graphreveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/pointsout)that该表/图表明AswecanseefromthetableAscanbeseenfromtheline/bargraphAsisshown(illustrated/indicated)inthepiechart如表/图所示，,37,(2)描述增减变化常用的句型,ComparedwithisstillincreasedbyThenumberofgrew/rosefromtoAnincreaseisshownin;thencameasharpincreaseofInthenumberremainsthesame/dropstoTherewasaveryslight(small/slow/gradual)rise/increasein1990.Therewasaverysteady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic)drop(decrease/decline/fall/reduction)in1998/comparedwiththatoflastyear).,38,对于线性图表的描述,上升1.对于上升趋势的描述：a.可以使用的动词或动词词组：toincreasetogouptorisetogrowtojumptoleaptosoartoshoottopickup,b.可以使用的名词：anincreaseagrowthajumpasoaranupwardtrend,39,2.对于上升到某个位置的描述：,a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothepeakof具体数据c.1.a.中的动词reachingthepeakof+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+具体数据。e.topeakat具体数据f.toclimbto+具体数据,40,下降1.对于下降趋势的描述：a.可以使用的动词或动词词组：tofalltodecreasetogodowntoslidetocollapsetodeclinetodrop,b.可以使用的名词：acollapseadecreaseafalladeclineadrop,41,2.对于下降到某个位置的描述：,a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothebottomof具体数据。c.1.a.中的动词reachingthebottomof+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+具体数据。,42,对于平稳的趋势的描述：,可以使用的动词或动词词组：tohardlychangetohavelittlechangetokeepsteadytolevelofftoremainconstanttostaythesame,43,表示程度的副词：,1.程度较大：considerablydramaticallygreatlymarkedlyobviouslyquick