综合英语二上unit 1

综合英语（二）上,lesson1,TwelveThingsIWishTheyTaughtatSchoolCarlSagan,abouttheauthor:CarlSagan,AmericafamousscientistandsciencewriterThearticlemakesadeepthoughtofWhatemphasisshouldbeplacedonmiddleschooleducation?Hecriticizedthemiddleschoolonlytaughtthestudentstograspthespecificcontentofthesubjectsinsteadofthemacroscopiceducation,whichcouldhelpthemestablishmaterialisticworldviewandtheviewoftheuniverse,sothattheycouldtreatoneselfcorrectly,concernabouttheworld-humanlivingenvironment.,Textorganization,partI(1-3)introduction:Theauthorrecallshishighschooleducationandleadtohis12suggestions.partII(4-12)theauthorelaboratesonhis12suggestionsrespectively.PartIII(13)summary,partI(1-3)introduction,Newwords:v.上学、出席n.（常用复数）设备、设施高于一般水平a.感激的，感谢的（gratitude:n)v.要紧，有关系在某些方面干得不错v.纠正，改正v.经历,Newwords:attendfacilitiesaboveaveragegratefulmatterinsomerespectivesdoagoodjobrectifyexperience,partIrelatedquestions:P24,1.Whenandwheredidtheauthorattendjuniorandseniorhighschool?2.Whatdoeshethinkofhishighschooleducation?,HeattendedjuniorandseniorschoolinNewYorkandNewJerseyrespectivelyjustafterWWII.,Hethinksthattheeducationhereceivedwasterriblynarrow.Althoughhisteachersdidaprettygoodjobinspelling,grammar,thefundamentalsofmathsandothervitalsubjects,hethinksthattheressomuchelsehisteachersshouldhavetaughthim.,para1,Iattendedjuniorandseniorhighschool,publicinstitutionsinNewYorkandNewJersey,justaftertheSecondWorldWar.二战刚结束，我在纽约和新泽西州的公立学校上了初中和高中。attend:Vt上学，出席Asstudents,weshouldattendclassontime.Thepresidentwillattendtheopeningceremonynextweek.vi.注意，专心attendtoYoushouldattendtoyourwork.attention(Noun),para.1,ThefacilitiesandskillsoftheteacherswereprobablywellaboveaveragefortheUnitedStatesatthattime.学校的设施、教师的水平在当时的美国大大高于一般水准.facility:N.常用复数，设备、设施Thehomeissituatedwithineasyaccessofshopsandotherfacilities.房子位置便利，距离商店及其他设施都不远。aboveaverage：高于或超过一般水平VictoriaFallshashadaboveaveragelevelsofrainfallthisyear.维多利亚瀑布今年的降雨量超过了平均水平。,para1,OneofthemostimportantthingsIvelearnedishowmuchthereistolearn,andhowmuchIdontyetknow.()A.Ivecometoknwooneimportantthing:Iknowverylittleandtheresmuchformetolearn.B.OneimportanttingIvelearnedisthatinthevastseaofknowdledgeImjustalittledrop.C.Oneshouldbeawareofonesignorance,whichurgesonetolearnwhatonedoesnotknowyet.D.Itsveryimportanttoknwothatcomparedwithwhatwedontknow,ourknowledgeislimited.,A,我所学到的最重要的一点，就是要学的东西实在是太多，而我还没有学到的东西也太多。,para.1,SometimesIthinkhowgratefulIwouldbetodayifIhadlearnedmorebackthenaboutwhatreallymatter.()A.SometimesIfeelhappythatIwastaughtwhatisimportantatschool.B.SometimesIfeelsorrythatIdidntlearnwhatisimportantatschool.C.AttimesIfeelresentfulthatiwasnottaughtanythingusefulatschool.D.AttimesIfeelIshouldbethankfulforthosethingsIlearntatschool.,有时候，我想那时要是能多学点真正重要的东西，今天我会多么地心存感激。本句使用了虚拟语句,B,grateful:a.感谢的，感激的thankful（gratitudeNoun）Wearegratefultoyouforpermissiontoreproducethisarticle.非常感谢您允许我们复印这篇文章。matter：vi.要紧，重要,有关系Whatmattersisthatshetoldalie.重要的是她说谎了。Nomatter+疑问词:无论Nomatterwhereyougoinlifeorhowoldyouget,theresalwayssomethingnewtolearnabout.Afterall,lifeisfullofsurprises.不管你生活在哪里，你有多少岁，总有新东西要学习，毕竟，生活总是充满惊喜。无论他学习多么努力，总不能通过考试。Nomatterhowhardheworks,hefindsitdifficulttopasstheexamination.,para.1,Insomerespectsthateducationisterriblynarrow.在有些方面，当时的教育十分狭窄.insomerespects:在某些方面InsomerespectstheAfricanmindworksratherdifferentlyfromtheoccidentalone.在某些方面，非洲人的思维方式与西方人相差甚远。,para.1,Inspelling,grammar,thefundamentalsofmath,andothervitalsubjects,myteachersdidaprettygoodjob.在拼写、语法、数学基础知识以及其他重要学科的教授上，我的老师们做得相当不错。doagoodjob:干得不错Wedontdoubtthathecandoagoodjobofit.我们并不怀疑他能把这事做得很好.,para.2,EverystudentshouldregularlyexperiencetheAha!whensomethingyouneverunderstood,orsomethingyouneverknewwasmysterybecomesclear.Everystudentshouldoftenfindhimself/herselfsayingAhawhenheorshesuddenlycomestoanunderstanding.每个学生都应该经常体验一下说出：“啊，原来是这么一回事！”时的感受也就是你以往不懂的或是不知道自己不懂的事情，一下子变得豁然开朗时的感受。,partII(4-8),Newwords:N.哲学家a.自信的（confidence：n)自学v.获得，取得被困，陷于擅长于n.途径，方法n.深刻见解v.限制，使受限v.充实，使丰富n.尴尬，使人为难的事,Newwords:philosopherconfidentteachoneselfacquiregettrappedbegoodatgatewayinsightconfineenrichembarrassment,partII(4-8)p25,3.Whatsuggestionsdoestheauthormakeaboutteachingoneselfasubject?4.Whyareweencouragedtoaskstupidquestions?5.Whyislisteningtoconverstionsagoodwayoflearningfromoraboutotherpeople?,Oneshouldchoosesubjectwhichreallyinterestshimandshouldplaceitinitsbroaderhumancontext.Andheshouldkeeponteachinghimselfthroughouthislife.,Becauseapparentlystupidquestionsarereallydeepquestionsandtheanswerstothemcanbegatewaystorealinsights.,Becausethosewhoaretalkingwithyoucansurelyprovideyouwithsomeideaswhichyoudontknow.,partII(4-8)p25,6.Whycantpeopleavoidmistakes?Whatattitudeshouldweadopttowardsourmistakes?7.Whydoesnttheauthorurgeustolearnaboutourplanet?Whatworriesdoeshehaveaboutit?,Becauseeverybodysunderstandingisincomplete.Weshouldopentocorrectionandlearntocorrectourownmistakes.,Becauseitistheonlyplanetwehave.ifwedontunderstandit,weabandonthefuture.TheauthorisworriedaboutthefactthatpeoplearenotawareofthedeteriorationoftheenvironmentoftheEarth.,para4,Pickadifficultthingandlearnitwell.挑一门困难的学科，把它学透。learn:Vt.学习SheislearningEnglish.Eventually,youlllearntocrythatontheinside.终有一天，你会学会让泪往心里流。Thenewseccretaryislearninghowtooperatortheprinter.vi.得知learnofsthshelearnedofhersonssuccessinthenewspaper.phrases:learn.byheart:熟记，背诵learnoneslesson:吸取教训,para4,Afteryouteachyourselfonesubject,youbecomemuchmoreconfidentaboutyourabilitytoteachyourselfanother.Yougraduallyfindyouveacquiredakeyskill.自学会一门学科后，你会对自学另一门学科的能力信心倍增。渐渐地，你会发现你已获取了一种重要的技能。teach(taught,taught)vt.教授，教育，教导HeusestapesofthisprogramtoteachEnglish.Mostreligionsteachyoutobetruthfulandself-disciplined.vi教书，当老师teachoneselfsth:自学teachsbalesson:给某人一个教训,confident：adj.自信的，确信的beconfidentofsthIftherehastobeareplay,weareconfidentofvictory.如果重新比赛，我们有信心取得胜利。confidence:信心confidential：a.机密的acquire：v获得，取得Hereisyouropportunitytoacquirealuxuriousonebedroomhome.现在正是购买一套豪华一居室住房的机会。,para5,Dontbeafraidtoaskstupidquestions.不要害怕去问“愚蠢的”问题。ask：v询问，打听Theguideaskedthevisitorswhattheywanted.请求，要求Hewastooproudtoaskhisfamilyforhelpandsupport.邀请，约请Nowandagain,hewasaskedouttodinner.asksbforsth:向某人要求某事askafter:问候askafavorofsb:请某人帮忙,para5,Manyapparentlynaiveinquirieslikewhygrassisgreen,orwhytheSunisround,orwhyweneed55.000nuclearweaponsintheworldarereallydeepquestions.Theanswerscanbeagatewaytorealinsights.Theanswerscanhelpusgetadeepunderstandingofthings.这些问题的回答很可能会使你对事物有深刻的理解。gateway(to):n途径、方法，入口Hongkonghasprofitedgreatlyfrombeingthegatewaytochina.作为进入中国的门户，香港获得了巨大的利益。insight：n深刻见解，洞察力Self-helpbooksoftengiveyouhelpfulinsight.,para5,Toaskstupidquestionsrequirescourageonthepartoftheaskerandknowledgeandpatienceonthepartoftheanswerer.（）A.IttakescourageandknowledgetoaskstupidquestionsB.ThosewhodarenotaskstupidquestionsarecowardsC.IttakesabravepersontoaskstupidquestionsD.Atimidandshypersonisnotlikelytoaskstupidquestions.,C,提“愚蠢的”问题，对于提问者来说需要勇气，对答问者来说需要知识和耐心。,onthepartof:就某人而言，在某人方面Thereisnoneedforanymoreexplainationonmypart.,para5,Anddontconfineyourlearningtoschoolwork.不要把自己的学习局限于课堂confine.to.:把限制在之内Heisaskedtoconfinehisuseofthetelephonetobusinesscallsalone.医生正试图将此病控制在城内.Doctorsaretryingtoconfinethediseasewithinthecity.,para5,Itsmuchbravertoaskquestionsevenwhentheresaprospectofridiculethantosuppressyourquestionsandbecomedeadenedtotheworldaroundyou.itsmorecourageousforyoutoaskquestionsevenitlookssomewhatridiculousthankeepfromaskingandbecomeindifferenttoeverythingaroundyou.明知会引起嘲笑而提问要比把问题埋在心里、对周围的一切变得麻木不仁要勇敢得多。becomedeadenedtosth.对变得不敏感或麻木不仁,para.6,Manyconversationsareakindofcompetitionthatrarelyleadstodiscoveryoneitherside.很多情况下人们谈活时，总是争相表现自己，这类交谈对双方来说都无多大益处。leadto:导致Lackofexercisecanleadtofeelingsofdepressionandexhaustion.缺乏锻炼会导致抑郁和疲劳。,para.6,They，andpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountryandfromothernations,haveimportantperspectivesthatcanenrichyourlife.老年人、来自其他地方和其他国家的人们对事物的许多重要的观点可以丰富你的生活。enrich：v使丰富，充实Anextendedfamilyenricheslifeinmanyways.大家庭在很多方面会使生活更加丰富多彩。,para7,Theonlyembarrassmentisinnotlearningfromyourmistakes.Ifyoudontlearnfromyourmistakes,youshouldbeashamedofyourself.你应该感到丢人的倒是没有从错误中吸取教训。embarrassment:n使人为难的事，尴尬Thereporthascausedacuteembarrassmenttothegovernment.报告将政府置于窘境。,partII(9-12),N.科学scientist/scientificV.集中，全神贯注a.不重要的n.发现（discoverV）N.毕业生A.晦涩的，不清楚的（obscurityN）n.暴露，公开作出努力v.限定，限制N.宗教（religiousA.)有能力,Newwords:scienceconcentrateonunimportantdiscoverygraduateobscureexposuremakeeffortsrestrict.to.religionbecapableof,PartII(9-12)relatedquestionsP25,8.Whatdoestheauthorthinksciencecoursesshouldconcentrateon?9.Whydoyouthinktheauthorinsiststhateveryhighschoolgraduateknowsomethingaboutthediscoveryofthegreatscientists?,Thecoursesshouldconcentrateonthemajorinsightsintothegreatdiscoveriesofmodernscience.,Becausethesepeoplemadegreatdiscovriesinmodernscience.Andthegreatdiscoveriesinmodernsciencearealsogreatdiscoveriesofthehumanspirit.,PartII(9-12)relatedquestionsP25,10.WhydoestheauthoradviseusnottospendtoomuchtimewatchingTV?11.Inwhatwaydoworksofliterature,artandmusicenrichourlife?Whyshouldwelearnaboutthehistory,religionsandviewpointsofthepeopleinothercountries?,Becausetheautorthinksthatitisawasteoftime.,Ifyoumakeeffortstoknowsomethingofthegreatworksoflitereature,artandmusic,youhaveacauiredasourceofenjoymentandexcitementfortherestofyourlife.Becausewearelivinginaworldwherevariouspeoplesaretightlyconnectedwitheachother.,para9,Schoolsciencecourses,Iremember,concentratedontheunimportantpartsofscience,leavingthemajorinsightsalmostuntouched.我记得学校的理科课程专讲科学的次要方面，而对科学的深层含义几乎只字不提。concentrateon：全神贯注Theywillconcentrateonteachingthebasicsofreading,writingandarithmetic.他们将集中教授阅读、写作和算术基础知识。leavesth/sb+adj/分词Heleftallthewindowsopenforhalfanhour.Thenewslefteverybodydepressed.,para.11,Gainsomeexposuretothegreatworksofliterature,artandmusic.感受一下文学、艺术和音乐名作的熏陶。Exposureto接触，感受的熏陶，受到的影响Toomuchexposuretothesunmightcauseskindiseases.LivinginEuropeforayear,hegainedsomeexposuretowesternculture.,para11,Ifsuchaworkishundredsorthousandsofyearsoldandisstilladmired,thereisprobablysomethingtoit.()A.Thereisperphassomethingvaluableinit.B.Theremightbesecretmessagestofuturegenereations.C.YoumayfindwhatitswritersaysisstillworthlearningaboutD.Youcandiscoverinformationwhichisstillusefultoustoday.,A,既然一部作品已存在了几百年或是几千年，今天仍然受到赞赏，那么大概它确实是有些名堂。,para.13,Lookatthedelightaone-ortwo-year-oldtakesinlearning,andyouseehowpowerfulisthehumanwilltolearn.如果你看到一个一两岁的孩子学做一件事时的性质，你就会明白人类学习的一直是多么坚强。takedelightin:以为乐Henevertakesdelightinotherpeoplesfailures.,para.13,Ourpassiontounderstandtheuniverseandourcompassionforothersjointlyprovidethechiefhopeforthehumanrace.()A.Peoplesenthusiasmabouttheuniverseandtheirprofoundsympthyforothersareconsideredthetwomajorhopesofthehumanrace.B.Thehopeforthehumanraceliesmanlyinourenthusiasmabouttheuniverseandourprofoundsympathyforothers.C.Thehopeofthehumanracereferstoeitherpeoplesenthusiasmabouttheuniverseandpeoplesprofoundsympathyforothers.D.Thehopeforthehumanraceliesmanlyineitherourenthusiasmabouttheuniverseorourprofoundsympathyforothers.,B,我们有渴望了解宇宙的热忱，我们有对他人的同情心，人类的希望主要寄托于此。provide:V提供providesthforsb/providesbwithsthTheyprovidedsomenecessarysupportforthesufferers.他们为受难者提供了一些必要的援助。,exercise1P27,first-hand:A.第一手的gentleman:N.绅士high-grade：A高级的newcomer：新来者supermarket：超市1.supermarket2.first-hand3.gentleman4.high-grade5.newcomer,exercise2,attendameetingdoagoodjobexperiencebitternessteachoneselfEnglishdiscoverwondersholdbackonescoughmasterskills,出席会议干得不错体验苦难自学英语发现奇迹忍住咳嗽掌握技能,exercise2,acquireknowledgerequirecourageenrichoneslifeacceptrectificationcorrectmistakescherishnohopemakeefforts,获取知识需要勇气丰富生活接受修正改正错误不再指望做出努力,2.translation,1.leadtoThecollapseofthebignewly-builtbridgeledtoacriminalprsecutionagainstanengineerandtwolocalgovernmentofficials.2.leavesb+分词Heworkedallday,leavinghislunchuntouched.3.farfromFarfrombeingawasteoftime,regualrsportsactivitiesmakestudentsphysicallystronganddealwiththeirstudybetter.,4.becapableofThesealsanddolphinsintheSeaWorldarecapableofvariousactingtechniques,whichmadechildrenaudienceoverjoyed.5.takedelightinThosewhotakedelightinotherpeoplespainwillsufferretributionsoonerorlater.6.insomerespectsInsomerespects,thatnewdictionaryhasmuchtobeimproved.,7.gettrappedWhenthebusrushedoutoftheroadandtrunedover,videsthforsbAttheopeningceremony,themunicipalgovernmentwillprovidefoodanddrinkforover1000guests.9.strict.to.InChina,everyurbanfamilyisresrictedtoonlyonechild.10.matterAslongaswecangetalittlerest,itdoesntmatterwherewego.,exercise3P28,learn2.Therearenoshortcutstolearningaforeignlanguage.9.Wisemenlearnlessonsfromtheirownmistakes.12.Whenaskedwhatwasthegreatestpleasureinherlife,sherepliedlearning.,exercise3P28,ask1.Theboyaskedthepolicemanhowtogettotherailwaystation.5.Heaskedhisbosswhetherhecouldleaveoffworkalittleearlierthatday.7