高二模块五第三单元语法m5u3Grammar.ppt

M5u3Grammarandusage,Verb-edformVerb-edphrasesVerb-ingandverb-edusedasadjectives,LiuXiangisaplayer_(love)bymanythousandsoffans.Unluckily,hegot_(injure)inthegame,in2012LondonOlympics.The_(surprise)newsgotacrosstotheworldandhisfanswere_(disappoint)toseeit，buttheystillwishedhimahappylife.,loved,injured,surprising,disappointed,注意过去分词做定语的位置,abrokenwindow,apollutedriver,alightedcandle,一支点燃的蜡烛,一个醉鬼,adrunken/drunkman,一、过去分词作定语,1.前置定语,归纳1：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词_。,之前,1.【2012湖南】23.Time,_correctly,ismoneyinthebank.A.touseB.usedC.usingD.use,2.（2011福建卷）TsinghuaUniversity,_in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded,awoman_(穿着白色衣服的),dressedinwhite,apicture_(齐白石画的),paintedbyQiBaishi,一、过去分词作定语,2.后置定语,归纳2：过去分词短语作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词_。,之后,Thefunctionsofverb-edform,1.attribute(定语),当V-ed在句中放在名词前或名词后修饰名词，功能上相当于adj，其作用相当于定语从句,Weshoulddrinkboiledwater.,Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled.,Theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce.,Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.,Thenamementionedintheletterwasunknowntome.,Thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome.,Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.,Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire.,2)v-ed短语放在名词之后，功能上相当于adj，可用逗号隔开，其作用相当于非限定性定语从句。,Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.,Thebooks,whichwerewrittenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.,Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.,Themeeting,whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.,3)一般来说，及物动词形成的过去分词是表被动意义（passivemeanings），而不及物动词的过去分词是表主动意义但动作已经完成（activeandpastmeanings）。,theescapedcriminal,past,thedevelopedcountries,past,awidelyusedlanguage,passive,theretiredscientist,past,4)Adv./n.可放在过去分词前，构成复合词,aso-calledprofessor,ahighly-respectedprofessor,awell-paidjob,一个所谓的教授,极受尊重的教授,报酬颇丰的工作,handmadefurniture,手工制作的家具,anewly-marriedcouple,一对新婚夫妇,2.v-ed用在系动词(link-verbs)之后，作表语(predicative),系动词的分类：,“似乎类”：,“感觉类”：,“变成类”：,“仍然类”：,基本形式：,be(am,is,are),seem,appear,look,feel,sound,smell,taste,become,go,get,grow,fall,turn,remain,stay,keep,MygrandfatherwasdelightedtohearIpassedmyexams.2.Edisonbecameinterestedinsciencewhenhewasveryyoung.,3.Thelittleboylookedveryexcitedwhenheheardthathecouldgototheparty.,1.Theywere_tohearthe_news.(delight)2.Theteacherannouncedthe_newswithan_voice.(excite),delighted,delighting,excited,exciting,V-ing与V-ed作表语的区别,归纳:V-ing表示“令人的”，说明的是逻辑主语本身的特性；V-ed表示“人（感到）的”：（1）往往指人的心理感受；（2）说明的是逻辑主语因受外界的影响而起的变化,区别,3.Therewasa_(surprise)lookonhisface.,surprised,4.Whenhelookedatthe_problem,hehada_(confuse)expressiononhisface.,confusing,confused,注意：有些动词如surprise，confuse，worry，embarrass，frighten等常用过去分词来修饰人的表情，声音等,anembarrassedlook,2.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,well-known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。,Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.,Hesquiteexperiencedinteachingmath.,bedressedinbeinterestedinbeworriedaboutbeabsorbedin,短语积累,A.Thelibraryisclosed.B.Thelibraryisclosedatsix.C.Thelibraryisclosedbytheteacher.,3.区别：“系动词+过去分词”是系表结构还是被动语态？,（系表结构）,(被动语态）,(被动语态）,归纳：,1.系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态，强调主谓关系，此时相当于一个形容词。,归纳：,2.被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，强调动宾关系。后面常跟by短语来表示；有具体的时间，表示当时的动作。,1)Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.,1.在使役动词后面make,get,have+宾+宾补（v-ed）,3.PastparticiplesusedastheObjectComplement(宾语补足语),2)Theteacherspokeslowlyandclearlytomakehimselfunderstood.,2.在感观动词后面做宾补see,hear,feel,watch,notice,find+宾+宾补（v-ed）,Shefoundthedoorlocked.,1)她发现门锁上了。,2)Wesawthethief.我们看见小偷被警察抓住了。,caughtbythepolice,Isawherintotheclassroom.(正进入教室come）Isawherintotheclassroom.（进了教室come）Isawhertheclassroom.（被带出教室takeoutof）,coming,come,takenoutof,过去分词,不定式,现在分词作宾补的区别:过去分词强调与宾语之间的关系，不带to的不定式强调动作发生的，现在分词强调与宾语之间的关系，正在进行。,被动,全过程,主动,1.【2012四川】12.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar_.A.washedB.washC.washingD.towash,2.（2011浙江卷）14.Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves_forwords.A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost,3.【2012浙江】11.“Itssuchaniceplace,”Mothersaidasshesatatthetable_forcustomers.tobereservedB.havingreservedC.reservingD.re