Linux下的NS229安装及错误调试

Linux下的NS2安装+LEACH及错误修改Linux下的NS2安装+LEACH及错误修改1、 安装前的准备说明为了方便实验和使用，采用的实在虚拟机上安装，安装和配置过程与实体无异。环境：Redhat9.0+ns-allinone-2.29.tar.gz准备：在安装编译之前确保Linux中已经安装了gcc+编译工具，以及 XFree86-devel and XFree86-libs两个组件。分别为：X 软件开发 KDE桌面环境，可以在添加删除程序中进行安装。2、 安装过程1. 本实验安装环境：完全安装的RedHat 9.0操作系统，ns-allinone-2.29安装包。2. 到官方下载网址下载NS2安装软件包ns-allinone-2.29.tar.gz.3. 以root登录RH9，在/home下建立ns2文件夹，将ns-allinone-2.29.tar.gz放在该文件夹下，在终端运行cd /home/ns2，使用解压命令tar xvfz ns-allinone-2.29.tar.gz，即生成/home/ns2/ ns-allinone-2.9.4. 修改/home/ns2/ ns-allinone-2.9/nam-1.11/agent.h中的第73行，将NULL改为0.5. 在/home/ns2/ ns-allinone-2.9/下运行。/install6. 根据安装结束后结尾处的提示，将某些路径复制下来，或者直接按照以下修改（可以对照提示理解）：7. 修改/root/.bashrc（注意该文件为隐藏文件），在该文件末尾加上以下三句话：exportPATH=$PATH：/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/bin：/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29 /tcl8.4.11/unix：/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tk8.4.11/unixexportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH：/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/otcl-1.11： /home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/libexportTCL_LIBRARY=$TCL_LIBRARY:/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tcl8.4.11/library在root路径下输入命令：source .bash_profile进行环境变量的更新8. 这时，如果以上设置正确，直接运行ns会出现%，或者可以运行软件自带的例子，在 /home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/ns-tutorial/examples下运行ns example2.tclLEACH协议的安装准备：获取LEACH的源码文件：mit.tar.gz 1. 进入到目录/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29下解压LEACH协议源文件mit.tar.gz rootlocalhost root# cd /home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29rootlocalhost ns-2.29# tar -xzcf mit.tar.gz ./2. 修改MakeFile文件1) 添加-DMIT_uAMPS到DEFINE中DEFINE = -DTCP_DELAY_BIND_ALL.-DMIT_uAMPS2) 添加 -I./mit/rca -I./mit/uAMPS到INCLUDE中INCLUDES = -I./diffusion3/filter_core -I./asim/ -I./qs -I./diffserv -I./satellite -I./wpan -I./mit/rca -I./mit/uAMPS 3) 添加以下代码在gaf/gaf.o 之前mit/rca/energy.o mit/rca/rcagent.o mit/rca/rca-ll.o mit/rca/resource.o mac/mac-sensor-timers.o mac/mac-sensor.o mit/uAMPS/bsagent.o 注：添加过程中使用TAB键代替空格。否则编译会出错。4) 将MakeFile文件中的mit/mit.o mit/mit注销掉（有的话）。3. 进入ns-2.29目录下，输入make cleanrootlocalhost ns-2.29# make clean注：若出现Makefile:1: * missing separator. Stop.错误，查看MakeFile文件添加修改的代码是否使用空格代替了TAB，是的话改过来。4. 编译make5. 修改test文件如下：#!/bin/bash cd tcl/ex ns wireless-demo-csci694.tcl sleep 2 cd ./././leach_test6. 修改leach_test文件，ns tcl/ex/wireless.tcl 前添加以下代码RCA_LIBRARY=mit/rcaexport RCA_LIBRARYuAMPS_LIBRARY=mit/uAMPSexport uAMPS_LIBRARY7. 修改.bashrc文件（rootlocalhost root# vim .bashrc ），在文件最后添加以下环境变量。export RCA_LIBRARY=/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/mit/rcaexport uAMPS_LIBRARY=/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/mit/uAMPS8. mit MPSsims mps.tcl文件。将代码source $env(RCA_LIBRARY)/ns-ranode.tclsource $env( MPS_LIBRARY)/ns-bsapp.tclsource $env( MPS_LIBRARY)/extras.tclsource $env( MPS_LIBRARY)/stats.tcl#Uncomment these lines to use gdb to debug the c code#source mit/ MPS/ns-bsapp.tcl#source mit/ MPS/extras.tcl#source mit/ MPS/stats.tclsource $env(RCA_LIBRARY)/resources/ns-resource-manager.tclsource $env(RCA_LIBRARY)/resources/ns-energy-resource.tclsource $env(RCA_LIBRARY)/resources/ns-neighbor-resource.tcl修改成代码source mit/rca/ns-ranode.tclsource mit/ MPS/ns-bsapp.tclsource mit/ MPS/extras.tclsource mit/ MPS/stats.tclsource mit/rca/resources/ns-resource-manager.tclsource mit/rca/resources/ns-energy-resource.tclsource mit/rca/resources/ns-neighbor-resource.tcl9. 验证结果rootlocalhost ns-2.29# ./testnum_nodes is set 3Loading connection pattern.Loading scenario file.Starting Simulation.channel.cc:sendUp - Calc highestAntennaZ_ and distCST_highestAntennaZ_ = 1.5, distCST_ = 89.8SORTING LISTS .DONE!NS EXITING.10查看rootlocalhost mit# cd leach_sims/rootlocalhost leach_sims# cat leach.errINITIALIZE THE LIST xListHeadchannel.cc:sendUp - Calc highestAntennaZ_ and distCST_highestAntennaZ_ = 1.5, distCST_ = 222.8SORTING LISTS .DONE!表明LEACH安装成功！rootlocalhost leach_sims# cat leach.outCreating sensor nodes.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 (100 = BS)* NOTE: no connection pattern specified.Loading scenario file.Node 0: (65.745973803916002,92.581722416254564)Node 1: (21.008649990432268,92.380389195112684)Node 2: (37.201202259027028,40.606367467253641)Node 3: (71.218022131928251,61.297971318148988)Node 4: (35.003944130150579,11.288995440718249)Node 5: (34.146372151629237,98.076752432657756)Node 6: (75.978135678906995,64.526355389750734)Node 7: (94.45503554048716,5.7823289678349754)Node 8: (83.602962402441989,14.98909784247591)Node 9: (21.767438492629417,45.338745622587737)Node 10: (8.2976788321033492,59.088131160982016)Node 11: (94.220422624713009,62.643053551503947)Node 12: (41.80104012684945,50.081411958710021)Node 13: (18.290790039250062,13.30818967582108)Node 14: (70.743881524886874,92.416788773805266)Node 15: (48.968921345178465,20.661048414493468)错误锦集及修改1 编译出错1.pt_xcp的问题在/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/common/packet.h 文件中，enum packet_t下添加 PT_XCP，接着在p_info()里添加name_PT_XCP=xcp;/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/mac /channel.cc中：WirelessPhy *wifp = (WirelessPhy *)tifp;之后加入：distCST_ = wifp-getDist(wifp-getCSThresh(), wifp-getPt(), 1.0, 1.0,highestZ , highestZ, wifp-getL(),wifp-getLambda(); ns-2.29/mac下面的wireless-phy.h文件中 WirelessPhy()下添加double getDist(double Pr, double Pt, double Gt, double Gr,double hr, double ht, double L, double lambda);然后在wireless-phy.cc的最后添加double WirelessPhy:getDist(double Pr, double Pt, double Gt, double Gr,double hr, double ht, double L, double lambda) if (propagation_) return propagation_-getDist(Pr, Pt, Gt, Gr, hr, ht, L,lambda); return 0;2.mac/mac-802_11.cc:DROP_MAC_COLLISION在cmu-trace.h文件中#define DROP_MAC_COLLISION COL之后加入/ BUGFIX UKA: capture/ packet drop in case of a packet capture#define DROP_MAC_CAPTURE CAP/ BUGFIX UKA END: capture3.mac/mac-tdma.cc:node_sleep没有定义（说明leach函数少了好多呀，从原来的ns里找到函数，复制过来）wireless-phy.cc里添加这两个函数。voidWirelessPhy:node_wakeup() if (status_= IDLE) return; if (em() = NULL) return; if ( NOW update_energy_time_ & (status_= SLEEP) ) /the power consumption when radio goes from SLEEP mode to IDLE mode em()-DecrTransitionEnergy(T_transition_,P_transition_); em()-DecrSleepEnergy(NOW-update_energy_time_, P_sleep_); status_ = IDLE; update_energy_time_ = NOW; / log node energy if (em()-energy() 0) (MobileNode *)node_)-log_energy(1); else (MobileNode *)node_)-log_energy(0); voidWirelessPhy:node_sleep()/ node_on_= FALSE;/ if (status_= SLEEP) return; if (em() = NULL) return; if ( NOW update_energy_time_ & (status_= IDLE) ) /the power consumption when radio goes from IDLE mode to SLEEP mode em()-DecrTransitionEnergy(T_transition_,P_transition_); em()-DecrIdleEnergy(NOW-update_energy_time_, P_idle_); status_ = SLEEP; update_energy_time_ = NOW; / log node energy if (em()-energy() 0) (MobileNode *)node_)-log_energy(1); else (MobileNode *)node_)-log_energy(0); 同时在wireless-phy.h文件中void node_off(); 之后加入 void node_wakeup(); void node_sleep() ;4.comm/mobilenode.cc:POSITION_UPDATE_INTERVAL没有定义mobilenode.h中加入#define POSITION_UPDATE_INTERVAL 30.05.mac/wireless-phy.cc中SLEEP、P_sleep_、P_transition_ 、T_transition_ 及没有定义：在wireless-phy.h中修改enum ChannelStatus SLEEP, IDLE, RECV, SEND ;在double P_idle_; 之后加入 double P_sleep_ ; double P_transition_; double T_transition_ ;6.satellite/sat-hdlc.h:HDR_HDLC没有定义？在packet.h中加入#define HDR_HDLC(p) (hdr_hdlc*)hdr_ll:access(p)enum packet_t 中加入PT_HDLCclass p_info public:中加入name_PT_HDLC=HDLC;7.大端小端的问题注释掉#ifndef和#mon/mobilenode.cc: In member function void MobileNode:update_position():common/mobilenode.cc:477: warning: unused variable double oldY注释掉：9.mac/wireless-phy.cc: In member function virtual void WirelessPhy:sendDown(Packet*):mac/wireless-phy.cc:320: min undeclared (first use this function)把min改成MIN说明:具体的错误修改可以参考其他版本（如：ns-2.35)的对应文件进行修改。2 测试出错1.rootlocalhost ns-2.29# ./testnum_nodes is set 3warning: Please use -channel as shown in tcl/ex/wireless-mitf.tclwarning: no class variable Phy/WirelessPhy:alive_ see tcl-object.tcl in tclcl for info about this warning.warning: no class variable Phy/WirelessPhy:Efriss_amp_warning: no class variable Phy/WirelessPhy:Etwo_ray_amp_warning: no class variable Phy/WirelessPhy:EXcvr_warning: no class variable Phy/WirelessPhy:sleep_。解决方法：ns-allinone-2.29ns-2.29tcllibns_default.tcl文件第692行加入7个初始值如下：Phy/WirelessPhy set alive_ 1Phy/WirelessPhy set Efriss_amp_ 100 * 1e-12Phy/WirelessPhy set Etwo_ray_amp_ 0.013 * 1e-12Phy/WirelessPhy set EXcvr_ 50 * 1e-9Phy/WirelessPhy set sleep_ 0Phy/WirelessPhy set ss_ 1Phy/WirelessPhy set dist_ 0具体的初始值应该对照ns-allinone-2.29ns-2.29macwireless-phy.cc输入（第95行，第97-99行，第104-105行，第107行）注意:提示code omitted because of length 错误, 错误在set Efriss_amp_ 100*1e-12;原因是:不能设置表达式,要改成set Efriss_amp_ *1e-10, 同理改_amp_ 0.013*1e-12; set EXcvr_ 50*1e-9 )。修改之后，要重新编译。即先执行make clean，再执行make。成功后，再次运行./test，得到第一次的结果。2.rootlocalhost leach_sims# cat leach.out .Warning dst_ is no longer being supported in NS. dst_ 0xffffffffUse dst_addr_ and dst_port_ insteadWarning dst_ is no longer being supported in NS. dst_ 0xffffffffUse dst_addr_ and dst_port_ insteadWarning dst_ is no longer being supported in NS. dst_ 0xffffffffUse dst_addr_ and dst_port_ insteadWarning dst_ is no longer being supported in NS. dst_ 0xffffffffUse dst_addr_ and dst_port_ insteadBS Received data 80 , 21.642348039596602 from 80 at time 21.684012239774891This represents data from nodes: 33 80Warning dst_ is no longer being supported in