高中英语英语名词性从句的课件.ppt

Welcometoourclass,江苏扬中新坝中学2012届高三英语一轮复习,Grammarandusage-NounClauses,名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。,1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Shewontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I名词性从句的种类,主语从句一般有三种结构：,1.主语从句+谓语,Thatshewillwinthematchiscertain.,2.It+be+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句,ItisimportantthatweteensshouldlearnEnglish.,Itisgoodnewsthathewillattendthemeetingonbehalfofourschool.,Itissaidthatourschoolwillholdasportsmeeting,3.It+seem(happen，appear等不及物动词)+that从句,ItseemsthatKatyisnotcomingtothisparty.,宾语从句的结构,主句+连接词(引导词)+宾语从句,在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后作宾语。,Idontknowwhyheisalwayslateforschool.,Weallagreewithwhatyousaidatthemeeting.,宾语从句,表语从句表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif引导。其基本结构为:主语+系动词+that从句。1.be,look,remain,等系动词后均可跟表语从句：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.2.asif也可引导表语从句。Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.,3.thereasonwhyisthat和Itisbecause等结构。,ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.,同位语从句同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact,news,promise,reason,idea,hope,word,belief等。Beijing,thecapitalofChina,ismyhometown.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.Wewerehappytohearthenewsthatwasannouncedbyourboss.,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时又在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分,(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述先行词的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。,ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.,2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.,他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）,汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）,II.名词性从句的引导词：,连接词：that、if、whether,无意义,2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which,3.连接副词：when、where、why、how,“是否”,作主/宾/表,考点一：区别that,what与which考点二：区别whether与if考点三：区别what,whatever,与nomatterwhat.考点四：it作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：名词性从句中的虚拟语气考点六：名词性从句的语序,名词性从句考点归纳:,考点1：连接词：that与what的区别,Whathesaidmakesmehappy.Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.,that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语(且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,连接词that的省略。,宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.,1._hesaidsomadeusangry._hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.2.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.（01全国）3.中国不再是过去的样子了。4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where,That,What,Chinaisnolonger_itusedtobe.,what,what,B:what(什么)/which(表选择,哪一个),1.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?,what,which,which,考点2.区别if与whether,1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Idontknow_ornotIllbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.,whether/if,whether,whether,5.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.6._theycandoitmatterslittletous.7._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.,whether,Whether,If,请你归纳,a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.直接加动词不定式只能用whether（todo）gwhetherornot直接连用时不用if,只能使用whether的情况：,请你归纳,_等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。,请你归纳,whoever,whatever,Who,what,考点3.what,whatever,who,whoever,Whowilltakethepositionisntdecided.,1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._hastakenawaymybagisunknown.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,Anyonewho,Nomatterwhodestroystheforestwillbepunished.,（误）,nomatter只能引导状语从句，ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.,nomatterwho/what与whoever/whatever,Whoeverdestroystheforestwillbepunished.（正）,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_isapity.2.他来不来不重要。_doesntmatter.,Itdoesntmatterwhether,Thathemadesuchamistake,Itisapitythat,考点：it作形式主语,形式宾语,it作形式主语,Whetherhewillcomeornot,用it作形式主语的结构,(1)Itis名词从句Itisafactthat事实是Itisanhonorthat非常荣幸Itiscommonsensethat是常识(2)Itis形容词从句Itisnaturalthat很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪的是(3)It不及物动词从句Itseemsthat似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧Itappearsthat似乎(4)Itis过去分词从句Itisreportedthat据报道Ithasbeenprovedthat已证实Itissaidthat据说,Itisreported/thought/saidthatItisclear/necessary/certainthatItisapity/ashame/anhonorthatItdoesntmatterwhetherItseemsthatIthappensthat,Canyouunderstandthem?,ThisisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.2.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for,It,it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if或when从句,it作形式宾语,make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that/todo,Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.,1.Ivegottomakeclearthathetoldalie.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.他发现很难使别人理解他.Hefound_.,it,itdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood,it,考点之五:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题考例:Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent_atleastaforeignlanguage.A.mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmaster分析:本题选B.句子的意思是:大学生至少应该掌握一门外语。It作形式主语,that引导的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。(1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气(should)+do,常用的句型有:I.Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that.II.Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that.III.Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that.如:Itisstrangethatshe(should)thinkso.,(2)表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,常用的这类动词有suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command等。如:Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.(3)主语是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表示建议、请求、要求、决定等意思的词时,表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should)+do。如:Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)holdanothermeetingtodiscussthequestion.,(4)表示“建议、请求、命令、要求、决定等（demand,suggestion,proposal,advice,order）意思的名词后面的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should)+do。如:,1.HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.,2.Thesuggestionthattheplan（delay）willbediscussedtomorrow.,考点6语序问题,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,从句一定用陈述语序,2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited,3.Heasked_foraviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid,插入语,Sinceyouhaveseenbothfighters,_willwin?A.doyouthinkwhoB.whoyouthinkC.whoeverD.whodoyouthink2.Idliketoknow_toher.A.whatdoyouthinkhashappenedB.doyouthinkwhathashappenedC.whatyouthinkhashappenedD.youthinkwhathashappened3.Couldyoutellme_?A.wheredoyouthinktheaccidenthappenedB.whereyouthinktheaccidenthappenedC.doyouthinkwheretheaccidenthappenedD.whereyouthinkdidtheaccidenthappen,1.Itnowappears_theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews_theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how3.It_Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthatB.thinksthatC.isthoughtD.isthoughtthat,4.It_heislateforclass.A.maythatB.mightthatC.maybethatD.mightbewhat5.Thisis_shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what6.Thequestionis_wecantgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when,7.Thequestionis_itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.what8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis_weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where,10.Hisproposalisthatthedam_atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuildC.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe_regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeepC.keepsD.kept12._knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho,13.Weallknowthetruth_theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether14.Weheardthenews_ourteamhadwon.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where15.Theproblem_itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if16.Youmustdowell_theteacherasksyoutodo.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where,高考链接体验,1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,37)Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow_.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlaneD.whichlaneisheentering【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句。which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。,2.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,36)Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis_shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why【答案】A【解析】此处考查的是表语从句。此处that不可以省略。,3.(2010高考英语重庆卷,25)Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions_hadusedtheproducts.A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which【答案】A【解析】考查连词。whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于anyonewho。,4.(2010高考英语浙江卷,9)Itisuncertain_sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.AthatBwhatChowDwhether【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。此处是由what引导的主语从句，指代It的具体内容，It是形式主语，所以这里选B项。,5.(2010高考英语浙江卷,1)Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?OK,_youwant.AwhicheverBhoweverCwhateverDwhoever【答案】C【解析】本题考查引导词和交际用语。句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”查情景交际。周末野营怎么样，换换口味?好的，你想干啥咱就干啥。此处whatever表示”无论什么”，作want的宾语。选C项。,6.(2010高考英语天津卷,14)Asanewgraduate,hedoesntknow_ittakestostartabusinesshere.A.howB.whatC.WhenD.which【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意为：“作为新毕业生，他不知道如何才能在这儿开创事业。”宾语从句暗含ittakestodosth句型，因此应用what引导宾语从句并充当从句中的宾语。,7.(2010高考英语四川卷,14)Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon_hegoeswith，whetherhisfriendsorrelativesAwhatBwhoChowDwhy【答案】B【解析】考查介词后的宾语从句。根据句末的whetherhisfriendsorrelatives可知应是和谁去，故选B。句意为“一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”,8.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,38)Thereisnoobviousevidence_thereislifeonanyotherplanetinthesolarsystem.AwhichBthatChowDwhere【答案】B【解析】名词性从句。此处是that引导同位语从句对evidenc进行具体的说明。语意：没有明显的证据表明在太阳系能其他行星上有生命存在。据此选B项。,9.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,33)Tinawashesitationaboutthejobofferasshedidnotknow_thecompanywasanestablishedone.AwhetherBwhatCuntilDalthough【答案】A【解析】名词性从句。语意：。Fina对所提供的工作正在犹豫中，因为她不知道这家公司是不是一家地位稳固的公司。此处whether引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。,10.(2010高考英语陕西卷,18)Itneveroccurredtome_youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.if【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。我从来没有想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。Itoccurstosbthat的意思为“某人突然想到”其中that引导主语从句，it为形式主语，指代that从句的具体内容。,11.(2010高考英语山东卷,25)Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof_myk