英语句子种类与类型

EnglishGrammarSentences,英语句子种类与类型,I、句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句II、句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句,提纲,I、句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句,1、陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。Shearrivedearly.Shecannothavearrivednow.,I、句子种类,2、疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。,I、句子种类,1）一般疑问句用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或no，注意语序。Haveyouanythingtosay?Didsomeonephonemelastnight?-HaventyoubeentotheUK?-No,Ihavent.,2）特殊疑问句疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。,I、句子种类,（1）陈述语序Whowasthefirstmaninspace?（2）倒装语序Whoareyoutalkingabout?,I、句子种类,3）选择疑问句(1)以一般疑问句为基础Isheateacheroradoctororapoliceman?ShallIhelpyouorcanyoumanage?(2)以特殊疑问句为基础Whichdoyoulike,redwineorwhite?Howshallwegothere?Bybusorbytrain?,I、句子种类,4）反义疑问句问：+，-？或-，+？答：+，+.或-，-.,1.TomhardlyknowsFrench,_?2.Marydidntfailherexam,didshe?-_,shedidnt.3.Youneedntcome,_you?Youneedtocome,_you?4.Hehadabigtimethere,_he?Hehadacar,_he?Wehardlyhavetogetupearly,_we?5.HeusedtoliveinLeeds,_he?,doeshe,No,must,dont,didnt,didnt,do,didnt,3、祈使句表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。,I、句子种类,1）带第二人称的祈使句Bequiet,please.Dontmakeanynoise!Youcallataxi.Dontyouforgetit.(强调)Givemeahand,will/wont/would/wouldnyou?2）带第一、三人称的祈使句Letmetryagain.Letsgo.Letusgo.Letsnotsayanythingaboutit./DontletssayLethimbehereby10oclock.,I、句子种类,3、祈使句,注意：1、加强语气Dobecarefulofmybrokenleg.Doletmehaveanothertry.2、祈使句的省略式A:ShallIopenthewindow?B:Yes,pleasedo./No,pleasedont.A:Shallwewatchthegame?B:Yes,lets.,4、感叹句由what或how引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。,I、句子种类,Whatalovelybabyitis!Whatfineweatherwehavetoday!Whatagoodtimewehadlastnight!Howfoolishsheis!Howclearlyyouspeak!Howcleveraboyheis!,I、句子种类,5、THERE-BE存在句,.,一therebe句型基本认识句型基本认识句型基本认识句型基本认识1、定义：Therebe句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2、结构：(1)Thereis+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语.(2)Thereare+复数名词+地点状语.注意事项：there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如：Thereisabirdinthetree.树上有一只鸟。Thereisateacherandmanystudentsinourclassroom.我