被动语态讲解课件

Passivevoice,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+vt过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构:was/were+vt过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构:情态动词+be+vt过去分词,4.一般将来时的被动语态结构:will/shall+be+vt过去分词,5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+being+vt过去分词,6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构:was/were+being+vt过去分词,7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构:have/hasbeen+vt过去分词,Theboybroketheglass.,Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.,如何从主动语态变为被动语态？,1.主语介词by宾语2.谓语加be,并变为过去分词3.宾语主语,主动语态和被动语态对照表,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词,各种时态变为被动语态,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词,Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾,Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时：willbe+过去分词,3AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,5.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词,7Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight,Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：was/were+being+过去分词,6Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词,请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucyboughtsomefruit.Somefruit_Lucy.2.UncleWangwaterstheflowerseveryday.Theflowers_UncleWangeveryday.3.Didtheybuildthebridgein1998?_thebridge_in1998?4.WhendidLuXunwritethesebooks?When_thesebooks_LuXun?5.Thefarmersdontgrowapplesonthefarm.Apples_onthefarm.6.Theydidntcleantheclassroomyesterday.Theclassroom_yesterday.,wasboughtby,arewateredby,Was,built,were,writtenby,arentgrown,wasntcleaned,带情态动词的被动语态1.Youcandotheworkallbyyourself.Thework_allbyyourself.2.Wemustplantmoretrees.Moretrees_.3.Weshoulddigalargehole.Alargehole_.4.Canweputourbikeshere?_ourbikes_here?5.Youmustntthrowrubbishhere.Rubbish_here.6.Wecantseemanystars.Manystars_.,canbedone,mustbeplanted,shouldbedug,Can,beput,mustntbethrown,cantbeseen,在被动语态中要注意的问题,一、使役动词(let,have,make等)或感官动词(see,hear,watch,等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略to，改为被动语态时一定要补上to。如：Thebossmakestheworkersworkallday.Theworkersaremadetoworkalldaybytheboss.Isawhimenterthehouse.Hewasseentoenterthehousebyme.C.Wehearhersingintheroomeveryday.Sheisheardtosingintheroomeveryday.,注意,当使用see/hear/watchsbdoingsth时，变为被动语态时，doing不变。如：Isawhimgoingintotheshop.(主动)Hewasseengoingintotheshop.(被动),go,1.Tomsfatherboughthimabook.He_abookbyhisfather.Abook_himbyhisfather.,二、带双宾语的动词有两种改法:1.把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.2.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,for,wasbought,在被动语态中要注意的问题,wasbought,for,pass,show,send,此类动词有：,buy,beboughtfor,如：give,begivento,此类动词还有：,draw，make,cook,mend,Hegavemeabeautifulpresent.Iwasgivenabeautifulpresentbyhim.Abeautifulpresentwasgiventome.,感官动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等)和使役动词(let,makehave等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时,把to加在动词原形之前.,Theymadetheboyswork12hoursaday.Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday.Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver.Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver.,1.Theteachersoftenmakeusreadbooksinthemorning.Weareoftenmadetoreadbooksinthemorningbytheteachers.2.Wenoticedhimtalkwithmybrotherjustnow.Hewasnoticedtotalkwithmybrotherjustnow.3.WesawherhelpTomwhenweentertheroom.ShewasseentohelpTomwhenweentertheroom.4.Imadehimstopwhilehewasdoingthework.Hewasmadetostopwhilehewasdoingthework.,3主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语Mothertoldmenottobelate.Iwastoldnottobelatebymother.Isawmotherplantingflowersinthegarden.Motherwasseenplantingflowersinthegarden.,必背！,动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。,takecareofbetakencareof,cutdownbecutdown,laughatbelaughedat,lookafterbelookedafter,Speaktobespokento,Handinbehandedin,4短语动词的被动语态Icantakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabycanbetakengoodcareof.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely.,Therainstopped.,Thesouptastesdelicious.,stop,taste在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。,happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,belongto,breakout(爆发）,e.g.Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.,happened,2.连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,e.g.PekingOpera_(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态。,e.g.Thepen_(write)veryfast.,writes,Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,sells,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：ItissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseandItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissupposedthat,Practice:1MustIpayforitatonce?_it_atonce?2Wewillbuildanewlab.Anewlab_.3Theyarentstoppingthetrafficnow.Thetraffic_now.4Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook?Howlong_thebook_?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,5Ifyourhomework_(do)well,youmaygotoplay.6Mr.Greenwasseen_(grow)trees.7Theblackboardwas_(look)carefullybythestudents.8Theshipmodel_be_(make)intwodays.,isdone,togrow,lookedat,will,made,1.-DidyougotoJimsbirthdayparty?-No,I_(北京2003年中招试题)A.amnotinvitedB.wasntinvitedC.haventinvitedD.didntinvited2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow(重庆2003年中招试题),中招名题回顾,B,B,考点聚焦,1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。Theworkersweremade12hoursadayntheolddays.A.workB.towork2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Theirhomeworkhalfanhourago.A.washandedinB.washanded,A,B,3.Youmaygofishingifyourwork_.(河北2003年中招试题)A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone4.Wearetold_everywhere.Itsourdutytokeepourschoolclean.(辽宁2003年中招试题)nottomakemuchnoiseB.tothrowwastepaperC.todrawD.nottospit,A,D,1.-Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?-Itssurprising.Thestrongestteam_.A.wasbeatenB.wonC.scoredD.wasfailed2.IwontcometothepartyunlessSue_.A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited3.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somephotos_byAfricanchildren.A.aretakenB.havebeentakenC.takenD.weretaken4.Theboy_studyathomebyherlastSunday.AmadeBwasmadeCwasmadetoDmadeto,中招模拟,A,D,C,C,4.Thetreesmust_threetimesaweek.A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters5.Anothernewbuilding_lastmonthnearmyschool.A.wasbuiltB.builtC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbuilt,6.Anewbridge_overtherivernextyear.AisbuiltBwillbuildCwillbebuiltDwillbuilt7.TVandradioprogrames_theothersideoftheworldwiththehelpofthesatellites.AcansendtoBcansendonCcanbesenttoDcanbesenton,C,A,C,C,3.Insummermeatandfruit_foralongtime.AcantbekeptBdoesntkeepCisnotkeptDisntkeeping4.Thesefilms_byyoungchildren.AshouldnotseenBshouldntbeseenCshouldbenotseenDshouldsee5.Thepieceofmusic_great.AsoundsBsoundedCissoundedDissounding,6.It_inasmallvillagelastmonth.AhappenedBwashappenedChappenDhadhappened,A,B,A,A,2.Ourclassroomshould_cleanandtidy.AwaskeptBbekeptCiskeepDhavekept,3.Noletter_sinceyouleftforShanghai.AhavereceivedBhavebeenreceivedChadbeenreceivedDhasbeenreceived4.Imafraidyoucantgoin.Theroom_.AispaintedBhaspaintedCisbeingpaintedDispainting,6.Thegirl_singingwhenwepassedby.AheardBwasheardCwasheardto