新世纪大学英语综合教程4unit3_第二版

ReadandExplore,Unit3FameandSuccess,GetStarted,ListenandRespond,OptionalClassroomActivities,EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness,GetStarted-discussion,Sitinpairsorgroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.,Whoisthemostsuccessfulpersonintheworldinyouropinion?Couldyoutellussomethingabouthimorher?(Open.)Whatqualitiesdoyouthinksuccessfulpeoplehaveincommon?Whatdoyouthinkfamecanbringtopeople?,GetStarted-discussion,Quotes,Studythefollowingquotesaboutfameandsuccessanddiscussinpairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem.,Quote1,Thesecretofsuccessisconstancyofpurpose.BenjaminDisraeli,Interpretation:Thekeytosuccessisthatyouhaveagoalandremaincommittedtoitatalltimes.,ClickPicture,Quote2,Fameisaheavyburden.Francois-MarieArouetVoltaire,Interpretation:Enjoyingfameisnotalwaysagoodthing.Itmayhinderyoufromprogressingfurtheranditbringsabouttroublesaswell.,ClickPicture,Quote3,Thehighestformofvanityisloveoffame.GeorgeSantayana,Interpretation:Vainandshallowpeopleseekfametheyhavenocharacter.,ClickPicture,Quote4,Thetalentofsuccessisnothingmorethandoingwellwhateveryoudowithoutathoughtoffame.HenryWadsworthLongfellow,Interpretation:Somepeoplethinkthatbeingfamousiseverythingbutinfactdoingyourverybestinyourownworkwithoutthinkingaboutbeingfamousisgreatinitselfanditistheonlykeytosuccess.,ClickPicture,Quote5,Manyoflifesfailuresarepeoplewhodidnotrealizehowclosetheyweretosuccesswhentheygaveup.ThomasEdison,Interpretation:Therearemanypeoplewhocouldhavebeenverysuccessfultoday.Unfortunately,theygaveupwhentheyencounteredfailure.Iftheyhadkepton,theywouldhavebeenverysuccessful.Tothem,failureistheendoftheirstruggle.,ClickPicture,GetStarted-watchinganddiscussion,Fameisa2009Americanmusicaldramafilmandalooseremakeofthe1980filmofthesametitle.ThemoviefollowsNYCtalentsattendingtheNewYorkCityHighSchoolofPerformingArts,wherestudentsgetspecializedtrainingthatoftenleadstosuccessasactors,singers,etc.,GetStarted-watchinganddiscussion,Watchthefollowingvideoclip“SuccessIsNot”anddothetasksthatfollow:,clickhere,1)Successisnot.Itsnotor.2)Successiswakingupinthemorningexcitedabout,itsgettingtoworkwith,.Successisconnectingwith,andmakingpeoplefeel.Itsfindingawaytobindtogetherpeoplewhohavenothingincommonbut.Itsfallingasleepatnightknowing.,video,1.Fillinthemissinginformation.,fame,_,video,clickhere,money,_,power,_,peopleyoulove,_,theworld,_,adream,_,youdidthebestjobyoucould,_,whatyouhavetodo,_,3)Successisandand.Andsuccessis.,video,joy,video,clickhere,freedom,_,friendship,_,love,_,_,video,2.DiscusswhetheryouacceptthegirlsunderstandingofSUCCESSornot.(Open.),video,clickhere,inconsistenta.(ofideas,opinions,etc.)notinagreementwitheachotherorwithsomethingelse（思想、意见等）不一致的ingbeforeandintroducingorpreparingforsomethingmoreimportant初步的,ListenandRespondWordBank,Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.,Ltogaintheadmirationandloveofmanyothers;tobetheoneeveryonetalksabout;toshowfamilyandfriendsyouaremorethantheythoughtyouwere.Probablyyoucanlistsomeotherreasons,butIthinkthesearereasonablycommon.,In-Depth,6Isaytothosewhodesperatelyseekfameandfortune,celebrity:goodluck.Butwhatwillyoudowhenyouhavecaughtyourtail,yoursuccess,yourfame?Keepchasingit?Ifyoudocatchit,hangonfordearlife.Seeyousoonfamousandalmostfamous!,In-Depth,voicing,Somepeoplesay,“Fameislikeadouble-edgedsword.”Whatisyouropinion?Workinpairsorgroupsanddiscusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofbeingfamous.,wealthpopularitypowerself-confidencesenseofachievement,deprivationofprivacydeprivationoffreedompublicpressurearrogancetargetofattackby/fromthemedia,KeyWords(B),KeyWords(B),1.Itdidnttakelongafterthetragedies,though,forcelebritiestofindtheirwaybackintothespotlight.(Para.12),1)Whatdoes“thetragedies”referto?,ThetragediesaretheterroristattacksonSeptember11,2001,astheauthormentionedinParagraph9.,Sentences,2)Whatdoes“though”meaninthissentence?,Itmeans“however”.,Ittookmanyyears,though,forthegovernmenttorealizethattheylostmorethantheygainedfromsacrificingtheenvironmentfortheeconomicdevelopment.,1.Itdidnttakelongafterthetragedies,though,forcelebritiestofindtheirwaybackintothespotlight.(Para.12),3)TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglishbyimitatingtheaboveEnglishsentencefromthetext.然而，很多年后政府才意识到以环境为代价来换取经济发展是得不偿失的。,Sentences,AsstatedinParagraphs14and15,thosewhosetextrinsicgoalslikefame,wealth,orpublicimagewillbelesshappythanthose“whosetintrinsicgoals”,suchas“toachievepersonalgrowthortobuildbetterrelationshipswithfriendsorfamily”.,2.Butwhatifbysettingcertainkindsofgoals,youngpeoplereallyaresettingthemselvesupforfutureunhappiness?(Para.16),1)PleasetranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,然而，年轻人在树立目标时，要是给自己树立的是未来的不幸，那该怎么办呢？,Sentences,2)Toyourunderstanding,what“kindsofgoals”willsetyoungpeopleupfor“futureunhappiness”?,Comprehension,Whatisthemostsought-aftergoalamongmanyAmericans?,WhatdidthesurveyconductedbyGirlslifemagazinereveal?,Paras.1-2,Para.3,Comprehension,WhatcanwelearnfromParas.2and3?,Whatisthesuggestedreasonforthehighrankingofbeautyandsingingtalent?,WhatwerethefindingsofthesurveyconductedbytheCorporationforPublicBroadcasting?,Comprehension,Whatarethedangersoffameaccordingtotheauthor?,Isitbeneficialtospendalotofmoneyonplasticsurgery?,Para.4,Comprehension,WhatisthereasongiveninPara.5forourdesiretobefamoustoday?,Para.5,Comprehension,WhatelsepavesthewaytofamebesidesTV?,Howisitthatfamehasbecomeaneasyreachforeverybody?,Para.6,Comprehension,WhatisthereasongiveninPara.7forthepublicsyearningforfame?,Whatcanweusuallyfindwhenwalkingthroughthecheckoutlineatanylocalgrocerystore?,Para.7,Comprehension,WhatistherolethatTVplaysincreatingastar-strucksociety?,Para.8,Comprehension,HowdidtheSeptember11terroristattacksaffectAmericanscelebrityfrenzyforthefirstfewdaysafterthetragedy?,HowdoyouinterpretthelastsentenceinPara.10?,Paras.9-10,Comprehension,Howdidcelebritiesmanagetoattractpublicattentionagain?,DidtheSeptember11tragedychangeAmericansattitudetowardsfameandcelebritiesforgood?,Paras.11-12,Comprehension,Whatismeantby“extrinsicgoals”?,Isitadvisabletostriveforextrinsicgoals?,Paras.13-14,Comprehension,Whatismeantby“intrinsicgoals”?,Whichtypeofgoalsmakespeoplehappier,extrinsicorintrinsicgoals?,Para.15,Comprehension,Whatdoestheauthorthinkoffame?,Paras.16-17,Takethefollowingquizandfindoutwhatpotentialyouhavetoachievesuccess.Behonestwithyourselfwhenyoumakeyourchoice.,Optional,AreYouonYourWaytoSuccess?Howoftendoyoubelieveyoucanaccomplishsomethingifyouputyourmindtoit?a)Rarely.b)Sometimes.c)Allthetime.d)Never.,Optional,Explanation:Aslongasyouhaveconfidenceinyourself,andholdthebeliefthatanythingispossible,youarealreadyonyourwaytosuccess.,2)Howoftendoyoufindyourselfsayingthingslike“Icant”,“Thatsimpossible”or“Notinthislifetime”?a)Rarely.b)Sometimes.c)Allthetime.d)Never.,Optional,Explanation:Ifyoualwayscloseyoureyestopossibilities,youwillattemptnothingandaccomplishnothing.Suchapessimisticattitudecannevermakeasuccessfulperson.,a)Iwouldspendthemoneyassoonaspossible.b)IwouldpursuemydreamsthatIhavenotpreviouslyhadtheresourcesfor.c)IwoulddoprettymuchthesameasIdonow.d)Iwouldputthemoneyinthebank.,Optional,3)Ifyouhad10milliondollars,whatwouldyoudowiththemoney?,Explanation:Successfulpeopleknowtheirgoalsandwouldwastenotimeinpursuingthem.Ifyoubelievewhatyouaredoingnowwouldleadyoutosuccess,the10milliondollarsmightspeedyouuponyourwaytosuccessbutwouldnotchangewhatyouaredoingnow.,a)Notreally.Tome,persistenceanddeterminationaremoreimportant.b)Yes.Thosewithgoodeducationandtalenthaveanadvantageoverothers.c)Absolutelyyes.Thatswhymostpeopleattachgreatimportancetoeducationnowadays.d)No.Someeducatedpeoplelosetheirlivesinbooksandsometalentedpeopleamounttonothing.,Explanation:Educationandtalentareimportantfactorsinachievingsuccess,buttheycannevertaketheplaceofperseverance.Onyourwaytosuccess,thebiggestobstacleisnotthelackofeducationortalent,butthelackofpersistenceanddeterminationinwhatyouaredoing.Educationandtalentmayhelpyoutoachievesuccess,yetonlypersistenceanddeterminationcangiveyouthewillpowertosticktoyourgoalandtoovercomedifficulties.,Optional,4)Doyouthinkthateducationandtalentarevitaltosuccess?,a)Nomorethananhouraweek.b)About10hoursaweek.c)Asmuchtimeasittakes.d)OnlywhenIhavefreetimeafterwatchingTV.,Optional,5)Howmuchtimeareyouwillingtocommittoachievingsuccessinlife?,Explanation:Theonlyanswerisasmuchasittakes.,Scoringtable,ScoreInterpretation,Useful,UsefulExpressions,UsefulExpressionsfromTextA,ChineseEquivalences,turnoneseyesaway,participateinonesowndestruction,某人陷入穷途末路,intime,随着时间的推移,turnaway,拒绝援助、支持,bringcelebrityandhighregardfromloyalfans,赢得名气以及忠实粉丝们的高度关注,motivatesb.tostriveevenhardertosucceed,激发某人更加努力地追求成功,curiouslyenough,奇怪的是,serveas,成为，作为,Useful,UsefulExpressions,UsefulExpressionsfromTextA,ChineseEquivalences,turnoneseyesaway,launchonescareer,开始某人的职业生涯,bethrownoutofschool,被赶出学校,Fameturnsallthelightson.,声誉把你置于所有的灯光下,demonstrateexcellenceinsomefield,在某些方面展示才华,gaintheadmirationandloveofmanyothers,赢得他人的敬仰和爱慕,desperatelyseekfameandfortune,celebrity,拼命追求声誉、财富和声望,hangonfordearlife,拼命地抓牢,Useful,UsefulExpressions,UsefulExpressionsfromTextA,ChineseEquivalences,turnoneseyesaway,setonessightson,打算,messuponeslifewithdrugsoralcohol,因为毒品或嗜酒把生活搞得一团糟,lackofprivacy,没有隐私,morethaneverbefore,比以往任何时候,transformaveragepeopleintoinstantcelebrities,瞬间把普通大众变成名人,neverseemtotireofcelebritygossip,对名人的小道消息似乎从不厌烦,passintoanewphase,进入一个新时期,achievepersonalgrowth,获得个人成长,Studythefollowingsentencesandpointoutthegrammaticalfunctionofeachoftheinfinitivephrases.,Grammar,Grammar,Function:,object,3.Associetydevelops,mantendstobecomelessdependentonnaturedirectly,whileindirectlyhisdependencegrows.(Para.3,TextA,Unit1),2.Manhassubduedanddisciplinedelectricityandcompelledittoservetheinterestsofsociety.(Para.2,TextA,Unit1),1.Itisgettingmoreandmoredifficulttosatisfytheneedsofhumanbeingsandsocietyevenforsuchasubstance,forexample,asfreshwater.(Para.5,TextA,Unit1),Function:,objectcomplement,Function:,(real)subject,_,_,_,_,_,Grammar,Function:,objecttotheverb“make”,6.Inmanyworkplaces,technologieslikekeystrokemonitoringandfullrecordingsofphonecallsmakeiteasiertowatchworkers.(Para.7,TextA,Unit2),5.Tokeeptheirinternalfurnacealive,chickadeeseattwiceasmuchfoodinwinterasinsummer.(Para.10,TextB,Unit1),4.Manyspeciesmakeshorttrips,sometimesonlyafewmiles,totakeadvantageoflocalconditionsknownasmicroclimates.(Para.7,TextB,Unit1),Function:,adverbialofpurpose,Function:,adverbialofpurpose,_,_,_,_,_,Grammar,Function:,attributivemodifying“ways”,9.Perhapsitsonlynaturalthatsomanyofusfantasizeaboutfameandplotoutwaystogainit.(Para.7,TextB,Unit3),8.Insomeareasitisveryobviousthattobefamousistobethetargetofeveryonewhodisagreeswithyouaswellasofthemedia.(Para.5,TextA,Unit3),7.Beethovenovercamehiscruelandharshfatherandgrudgingacceptanceasamusiciantobecomethegreatest,mostfamousmusicianintheworld.(Para.4,TextA,Unit3),Function:,subject,Function:,adverbialofresult,_,_,_,_,predicate,_,_,Grammar,10.Perhapsweareallreachingforfamebecausetoday,morethaneverbefore,fameappearstobewithinreach.(Para.5,TextB,Unit3),Function:,predicate,_,Grammar,Theinfinitive（不定式的句法功能）一、作主语不定式作主语时，常用it代替不定式放句首，不定式则移到谓语后面。e.g.Tobeagoodteacherrequirespatience.(Itrequirespatiencetobeagoodteacher.)Itisimportantforyoutouseyourtimewisely.二、作表语（主语补语）e.g.OurgoalistoentertheWorldCupfinals.Thebuildingseemstobeshakinginthestorm.,三、作宾语e.g.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.Theyaskedhowtogettothesubwaystation.不定式作宾语时，有时用it代替不定式放宾语的位置，不定式则移到宾语补语后面。e.g.ShedoesntthinkitadvisabletotakevitaminCeveryday.四、作宾语补语e.g.Theyaskedmetogotothepartytogether.,Grammar,Grammar,五、作定语e.g.Heisalwaysthefirstonetocometothegym.Theresnoneedtobotherhimwithsuchtrifles.六、作状语1）表示目的e.g.Toovercomedifficulties,wemustworkhard.2）表示结果e.g.Theyliftedarockonlytodropitontheirownfeet.Iwastoodepressedtofeelnervous.,Grammar,六、作状语3）表示原因e.g.Wewereoverjoyedtohearthenews.4）修饰某些形容词，如：able,afraid,angry,careful,certain,difficult,eager,easy,fit,happy,interesting,likely,quick,ready,sure,unwilling,wrong等等。e.g.Thewaterisunfittodrink.Anniseasytogetalongwith.,Grammar,Now,dothetasksonPage82inyourtextbook.,Theme-RelatedWriting,Writeacompositionofnolessthan150wordsonthetopic“FameGoodorEvil?”.Yourpapershouldcoverthefollowingpoints:theadvantagesofbeingfamousthedisadvantagesofbeingfamousyourattitudetowardsfame,FameGoodorEvil?Famehasalwaysbeenpursuedbymanypeoplefortheadvantagesitbringsabout.Famecanassureoneofahighsocialstatus,highregard,greatadmiration,etc.Famecanalsobringonewealthasacelebrityhasmorechancestoearnbigmoney.Besides,theapplauseandflowersfromfansmayboostonesself-confidenceandincreaseonessenseoffulfillment.However,famecanruinoneslife,too.Itdeprivesoneofhisprivacy.Asapublicfigure,heisoftenchasedbyfansandjournalists,andhisprivatelifeneverescapesthemediasattentionorpubliccuriosity.Famealsoplacesoneundergreatpressure.Hehastoworkin,writing,SampleWriting,writing,linewithpublicexpectationsandthusbecomestheslaveofhisownsuccess.Sofameisadouble-edgedsword.IdontseekfameandIdontenvythosewhoarefamous.IhighlyappreciatewhattheAmericanpoetHenryWadsworthLongfellowsaysaboutfame:“Thetalentofsuccessisnothingmorethandoingwellwhateveryoudowithoutathoughtoffame.”,SampleWriting,ThankYou!,Compassionateandconcernedaboutthewell-beingofmankindcommittedtothecausetheyarepursuingandrefusingtogiveupinthefaceofdifficultiesmodestaboutwhattheyhaveachievedhavingteamspirit,Hints:,KeytoDiscussionQ2,Thegoodside:publicity,honour,reputation,power,wealth,statusandglamourThebadside:burden,deprivationoffreedom,privacyandevenonesidentity,Hints:,KeytoDiscussionQ3,AboutBenjaminDisraeli(1804-1881):aBritishpoliticianintheConservativePartywhowasPrimeMinisteroftheUKin1868andfrom1874to1880.Healsowroteseveralnovels,includingSybil(西比尔).,KeytoQuotes,AboutFrancois-MarieArouetVoltaire(1694-1778):aFrenchwriterandphilosopherwhowasoneoftheleadersofthe18th-centuryEnlightenment(启蒙运动),andwhoseideasinfluencedtheFrenchRevolution.Hewroteessaysonmanysubjects,andhisbest-knownworkisthesatiricalCandide(老实人)(1759).,KeytoQuotes,AboutGeorgeSantayana(1863-1952):anAmericanphilosopher,poet,literaryandculturalcritic.BorninSpain,SantayanaemigratedtotheUnitedStatesin1872.AgraduateofHarvard(1886),hetaughtintheDepartmentofPhilosophy,Harvardfrom1889until1912.AfterresigningfromHarvardhereturnedtoEurope,eventuallysettlinginItalywhereheliveduntilhisdeath.HewasaprincipalfigureinClassicalAmericanPhilosophy.,KeytoQuotes,AboutHenryWadsworthLongfellow(1807-1882):apopularUSpoetwhoisknownespeciallyforhislongpoemsaboutUSlegends.Hisbest-knownpoemsareTheSongOfHiawatha(海华沙之歌),TheCourtshipofMilesStandish(迈尔斯斯坦狄什的求婚),PaulReveresRide(保罗里维尔的夜奔),andTheWreckoftheHesperus(金星号遇难).,KeytoQuotes,AboutThomasEdison(1847-1931):anAmericaninventor.Heprofoundlyinfluencedmodernlifethroughhisinventionssuchasthelightbulb,thephonograph,andthemotionpicturecamera.Duringhislifetime,heacquired1,093patents,andmarketedmanyofhisinventionstothepublic.,KeytoQuotes,Therearesomethingssuccessisnot.Itsnotfame.Itsnotmoneyorpower.Successiswakingupinthemorningsoexcitedaboutwhatyouhavetodothatyouliterallyflyoutthedoor.Itsgettingtoworkwithpeopleyoulove.Successisconnectingwiththeworldandmakingpeoplefeel.Itsfindingawaytobindtogetherpeoplewhohavenothingincommonbutadream.Itsfallingasleepatnightknowingyoudidthebestjobyoucould.Successisjoyandfreedomandfriendship.Andsuccessislove.,ScriptforWatchingtogaintheadmirationandloveofmanyothers;tobetheoneeveryonetalksabout;toshowfamilyandfriendsthattheyaremorethantheirfamilyandfriendsthoughttheywere.,Keytodiscoveringthemainideas(Ex.1.5),6.Canapersonbefamousandremaintruetohimselfatthesametimeaccordingtotheauthor?,Probablynot.Accordingtotheauthor,fametakes“theyououtofyou”,whichmeansthatonceapersonbecomesfamous,hemustbewhatthepublicthinksheis,notwhathereallyisorcouldbe.Fameenslaveshimwithwhatthepublicwants,insteadofhelpinghimmaintainanddevelophisownidentityorhistrueself.,Keytodiscoveringthemainideas(Ex.1.6),chasevt.followrapidlyinordertocatch追赶，追逐；追捕,Ifstrangersshouldventureintothatfield,thebullwillchasethem.,Shewaschasing(after)amanwhohadsnatchedherbag.,她当时正在追那个抢走了了她包的男子。,KeyWordsforTextA-chase,Phrasalverbs:chaseabout/around向某方向急奔chasesb.away/off/out赶走;驱逐chasesb.up向某人追讨或索要（尤指钱或信息）chasesth.up追查或催促某事物,2.(businessof)providinginformationinordertoattractpublicattention;advertising宣传（业务）；广告,publicityn.1.Upublicnoticeorattention公众的注意，众人周知；张扬,Thefilmstarsthirdmarriagegotalotofpublicity.,Standardsineducationhavereceivedmuchpublicityoverthelastfewyears.,该书宣传工作没有做好，所以销量不大。,KeyWordsforTextA-publicity,Thepublicityforthebookwaspoorandsaleswerelow.,accompanyvt.1.existorappearatthesametimeorsameplaceas带有，配有，伴随,Earthquakescommonlyaccompanyvolcanicactivity.,Thediseaseisaccompaniedbysneezingandfever.,KeyWordsforTextA-accompany,这个疾病同时伴有打喷嚏和发烧。,3.providesth.inadditiontosth.else;supplementsth.兼带；附有,accompanyvt.2.walkortravelwith(sb.)asacompanionorhelper;escort伴随或跟随（某人）；陪伴,14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪同。,每份申请书均须附回邮信封、贴上邮票、写好地址。,KeyWordsforTextA-accompany,Eachapplicationshouldbeaccompaniedbyastampedaddressedenvelope.,Childrenunder14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.,stylen.C;Uageneralmannerofdoingsth.whichistypicalorrepresentativeofapersonorgroup,atimeinhistory,etc.风格，作风,SomepeoplehavecriticizedthePrimeMinistersstyleofleadership.,Picassosstyleofpaintingchangedanddevelopedovertheyears.,那些年里毕加索的绘画风格不断改变、发展。,KeyWordsforTextA-style,popularityn.Uthequalityofbeingwellliked,approvedof,oradmired普及，流行，受欢迎，声望,Ournewproductenjoyspopularitythroughouttheworld.,Hisbookshavegrowninpopularityrecently.,他的书近来大受欢迎。,KeyWordsforTextA-popularity,Adjective:popular,boreda.(with)tiredanduninterested常与with连用厌烦的，不感兴趣的,Iwasboredtodeathbytheirtrivialconversation.,Hewasgettingboredwith/ofdoingthesamethingeveryd