英语人教版八年级下册Ill help to clean up the课件.ppt

Illhelptocleanupthecityparks.,Unit2,第二课时：SectionA(3a-3c),3a.Readthearticle.WhatdoMarioandMaryvolunteertodo?,StudentsWhoVolunteerMarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.Mariolovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Mariobelievesitcan,helphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.“Itshardwork,”hesays,“butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.”Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.,Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.“Thekidsaresittinginthelibrary,butyoucanseeintheireyesthattheyregoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.”,Listenandanswerthequestion:WhatdoMarioandMaryvolunteertodo?,MariovolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Maryvolunteersatanafter-schoolreadingprogram.Andshealsoworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.,1.WhydoMarioandMaryvolunteertohelpothers?2.Whatdotheysayaboutvolunteering?,3b.Readthearticleandanswerthequestionsbelow.,WhydoMarioandMaryvolunteertohelpothers?,Mariovolunteersbecausehelovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.Maryvolunteersbecausesheisabooklover.,2.Whatdotheysayaboutvolunteering?,Mariosaysthatvolunteeringisahardwork,buthewantstolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.Hegetssuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenheseestheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.Marysaysthatvolunteeringthereisadreamcometrueforher.Shecandowhatshelovestodoandhelpsothersatthesametime.,3c.Useinfinitivestocompletethesentencebelow.,1.Mariowouldlike_ananimaldoctor.2.Marioworksforananimalhospitalbecausehewants_abouthow_foranimals.3.Marydecided_forajobatanafter-schoolreadingprogramlastyear.Shestillworkstherenow_kidslearntoread.4.Maryhasadreamjobbecauseshecandowhatsheloves_.,tobe,tolearn,tocare,tolook,tohelp,todo,1.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.,1)could是情态动词can的过去式形式，表示过去的能力。它没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。变否定句在could后加not,变一般疑问句把could提前。,这个男孩七岁时就会骑自行车。Theboycouldrideabikewhenhewasseven.,Practise,Languagepoints,【注意】在某些情况下，could并不表示过去，只是表示委婉、客气的语气。其肯定答语用：Sure./Certainly./Allright.等。否定答语用：Sorry./Sorry,Icant.等。A:Couldyoutellmeifheisastudent?你能告诉我他是不是学生吗？B:Sure.当然可以。,【注意】如果在clean和up间加个连字符号，那么，它就是名词了，表示“扫除”。Youmustgiveyourclassroomagoodclean-up.你必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。,2)cleanup是省去to的动词不定式，意为“（把）打扫干净”、“梳理整齐”。,Practise,他必须每天把操场打扫得干干净净。Wemustcleanuptheplaygroundeverymorning.,2.Weneedtocomeupwithaplanfor我们必须想出一个计划。,need是一个常见的动词，表示“需要”之意。它既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。其具体用法如下：,这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。ThemanneedsanEnglishdictionarywhenheworks.你必需亲自见他吗？Doyouneedtoseehimyourself?,1)need用作实义动词，有“必要”、“必需”之意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动词。,Practise,你必须和你的同学去公园吗？Needyougototheparkwithyourclassmate?他不必花掉这么多钱买这块新手表。Heneedntspendmuchmoneyforthisnewwatch.,2)need用作情态动词，意为“必须”、“必要”，没有人称、数等变化，后接不带to的动词不定式。通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，不需要使用助动词。,Practise,A:NeedIcometoworktomorrow?明天我需要来上班吗?B:Yes,youmust/haveto.是的，你必须来。A:NeedIfinishtheworkatonce?我需要马上完成这项工作吗？B:No,youneednt/donthaveto不，不必今天完成。,【注意】由need引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用must或haveto；表示否定时用neednt或donthaveto。,volunteer作名词，意为“志愿者”。volunteer作动词，意为“义务做；自愿做”。,3.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.,Practise,地震后他成了一名志愿者。Hebecameavolunteeraftertheearthquake.她自愿在那个小村庄里教书。Shevolunteeredtoteachinthatsmallvillage.他自愿充当服务生。Hevolunteeredhisserviceasawaiter.,4.andcalledupallhisfriendsandtoldthemabouttheproblem.给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的问题。,这个男孩给你打电话只是为了聊天吗？Didtheboycallyouupjustforachat?,callup表示“给打电话”,后面接指人的单词。,Practise,“给打电话”的常见说法还有:giveacallTheyweregivingtheirteacheracallwhenIgotthere.我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。ringupDidyouringupyourfatherlastweek?上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？,givearingDoyouknowwhogaveZhangHuaaringanhourago?你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗?telephone/phone(to)Willyoupleasetelephonetothepoliceman?请你给警察打个电话好吗？telephone/phoneupTelephoneupmeassoonasyouarriveinShanghai.你一到上海就给我打电话。,【注意】callup,ringup和telephone/phoneup等是由“动词+副词”构成的词组，如果它们的宾语是代词，这个词要用在副词之前。,请马上给他打电话。Pleasecallhimupatonce,please!王萍没来，我现在正要给她打电话。WangPingisnthere.Iwanttophoneherupnow.,Practise,5.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是社么样子的。Usetobe表示过去一度存在，但现在已经消失的某一特定情形。作这一用法时，usedto常与Be,have,live,stay,like,love等词语连用，表示“曾经”例如：Sheusedtobeaveryclosefriendofmine.,Useto还可用来表示“过去常常做某事，但现在不那样子了”例如：Heusedtoarrivelatelastyear,butnowhedoesnt.他去年常常迟到，但现在不了。Didyouusetosingwhenyoutookashower?你以前经常在洗澡时唱歌吗？,6.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.”当我看到动物们病情渐好，看到它们主人脸上喜悦的表情时，我产生那么一种极强的满足感。“get”两次用法不同。第一个get意为“产生，形成”，为及物动词，常与feeling(感觉,情感)，idea（想法，主意）等词搭配使用，例如：Howdidyougetsuchanidea?,第二个get为系动词，后接形容词，表示体质、情绪、天气等方面的变化，通常译作“变为”如：Hegotangrywithmeafterthat.Itsgettinghotternow.,7.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.“by+反身代词”表示“独自地；独立的”，常与动词或动词短语连用，作句子的方式状语。e.g.Childrenshouldlearntodothingsbythemselves.孩子们应该学会独立做事。,8.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。此句中adreamcometrue表示梦想成真，是固定搭配，再如：IgotthelatestCDplayerasabirthdaypresentyesterday.Itwasjustadreamcometrue!昨天我收到一份生日礼物，是那种最新的CD播放机，真是梦想成真啦。,volunteer可以为及物动词，意为“自愿献出”；它还可以做不及物动词，意为“自愿”；还可以做名词，意为“志愿者”。例如：Wouldyouliketovolunteeryourmoneytohelphim?Ivolunteertohelpthedisabledpeople.Thesestudentsarevolunteers.,1.Helookssad.Lets_.cheeruphimB.cheerhimupC.fixuphimD.cheerheup2.Weregoingto_tablesbeforetheparty.A.fixupB.p