情态动词 中小学语法

Summeriscoming.,Abigsuntellmesomewordsaboutit.,hot,sunny,holiday,swim,Ice-cream,skirt,fire,Whatshallwedoifafirehappens?,Discussion,mustormustnt,4.Taketheleft.乘电梯逃离。,5.Jumpoutofthetallbuilding.跳楼.,1.Usewetquiltorclothtoblockthedoor.用湿的被褥或衣服堵住门。,2.Tomakeaquickdeparture，runaway.当机立断，迅速逃离。,3.Call114.,6.puttingitoutwithafire-extinguisher用灭火器灭火。,7.Findsomeextrawaytogetthemselvesout.多掌握几条逃生路线。,must,mustnt,must,must,must,mustnt,mustnt,情态动词,情态动词有时又叫情态助动词。情态动词本身虽有一定词义，但不能独立用作谓语、也没有人称和数的变化，其后一定要跟随动词原形，共同构成复合谓语。,MayI?,MayIcomein?,MayIuseyourpen?,Hemusttakesomemedicine.,Mustntswim,Mustnttouch,常用的情态动词有哪些？,Can能，会-cant不会Could-couldnt/beabletoMay可能，或许-maynotMight可能（更加委婉）-mightnotMust必须-mustntHaveto不得不-donthavetoNeed需要-neednt,Letsdoit,I()dance.,I()gotoHarfordoneday.,You()turnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom,1.TommycandrivethecarRobotcandomanythings.2.Icouldsendcardsbeforehavingthecomputerlessons.(表示过去的一种能力)CouldIsithere?(用于一般疑问句中，语气更加温婉)3.beableto可用于各种时态之中Iwillbeabletoliveonthemoon.Shewasableto(could)finishthehomework.,IwasabletoDisneylastmonth.IwasabletoswimacrosstheGanjiangriverlastsummer.（表示有能力做，并且成功了）ShecouldflyovertheSouthPole.(不一定成功),1.can/could/beableto?,1.can能，会2.could比can更为委婉的语气；表示过去曾有过的能力；3.was(were)ableto与could的区别是表示不但有能力，而且成功的做了某事。,Hemaybesick.(生病的可能性较大)Hemightbesick.(生病的可能性较小),(2)may/mightMight比may更委婉,注意：may引导的疑问句，肯定回答用：Yes,youmay.否定回答用：No,youmustnt.(No,youcant或No,youhadbetternot.)表示“千万不要”，“不可以”，“禁止”的意思。,3.must,havetomust“一定，必须”；haveto不得不”。如果用于过去时或将来时，要用haveto来代替，但must可用于间接引语，表示过去的必要和义务。Youmuststopsmoking.你必须把烟戒掉。(强调主观意志)Ihavetostopthecarandwaitforthepoliceman.我不得不停车等那个警察。(强调客观)Must提问否定回答只能用neednt或者donthaveto,Imuststudyhard.,ihavetostudyhard.,骂你没妈,Must提问-neednt回答（donthaveto）May提问-mustnt回答（cant）,4.needA作为情态动词使用：need没有时态与人称的变化，并且多在否定句，疑问句和条件句中使用，含义为“需要，必须”。Youneednothandintheexercisetoday.你不必今天交作业。Needwefindtimetogointothequestion?要不要我们找时间把这个问题深入研究一下?,5、情态动词表示推测或判断的用法,Itmusthaverainedlastnight.(对过去的猜测),情态动词练习（1）1.We_forherbecauseshenevercame.A.needntwaitB.shouldnthavewaitedC.mustntwaitD.mustnthavewaited2.Janny_havekeptherword.Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would3.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack_behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can4.WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.They_bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need5Bequick!They_forusatthechurchgaterightnow.A.mustwaitB.musthavewaitedC.mustbewaitingD.oughttowait,6.should，wouldshould表示应该做某事或承担责任、义务；例如：Youshouldworkhardera