主谓一致（石益玮）.pptVIP

,主谓一致,主讲：石益玮,对象：220班,英语教学,主谓一致,一、精析精练,5、结构个数一致原则,4、形式一致原则,3、意义一致原则,2、就远一致原则,1、就近一致原则,二、高考真题回眸,三、考前模拟预测,四、课后作业,精析精练,主谓一致概念：一个句子中的谓语动词必须与这个句子中主语的人称和数的形式保持一致,该语法现象称为主谓一致。,一、就近一致原则,就近一致指句中谓语动词和离它最近的主语保持一致，这样的连词常见的有：oreitherorneithernornotonlybutalsotherebe注意：either,neither独立使用作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。,NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be2.Eitheryouortheheadmaster_theprizetothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.A.ishandingoutB.aretohandoutC.arehandingoutD.istohandout3.Neitherofthenovelswhich_popularwithus_beentranslatedintochinese.A.are,hasB.are,haveC.is,haveD.is,has4._heorhisparentsgonetoNewYork?A.HasB.HaveC.IsD.Are,一、就近一致原则,实战演练,二、就远一致原则,指句中谓语动词和离它最近的主语保持一致，这样的连词常见的有：aswellas,with,togetherwith,alongwith,followedby,suchas,like,forexample,forinstance,but,except,apartfrom,ratherthan,besides,including,inadditionto.,NobodybutJane_thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown2.Alibrarywithlivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered3.Everythingintheroomincludingthetableandchairs_new.A.areB.isC.wereD.be4.Alice,togetherwithtwoboys,_forhavingbrokentherules.A.waspunishedB.punishedC.werepunishedD.beingpunished,二、就远一致原则,实战演练,三、意义一致原则,指句中谓语动词和主语的单复数意义保持一致，常见的结构有：分数/百分数10percentof,onethirdof/partof,someof/halfof,therestof/plentyof,alotof/lotsof,mostof/allof,majorityof,minorityof+,可数名词的复数形式+V复,不可数名词+V单,三、意义一致原则,oneof+复数名词+V单oneof+复数名词+定语从句（+V复+)Theonlyoneof+复数名词+定语从句（+V单+),Anumberof+复数名词+V复“许多若干”Thenumberof+复数名词+V单“的数目”,单复数同形的词means,works(工厂)，deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese,集合名词family,group,class,team,nation,world等。看作整体+V单，看作个体+V复但people,police,cattle(牛群)，militia(民兵)+V复,三、意义一致原则,为同一人或物+V单为不同的人或物+V复,比较：Bothand+V复Eg:Maryandbillgotoschooltogethereveryday.Thewriterandmusicianhaschangedhismind.扩展：主语由肯定和否定两部分构成时，谓语与肯定的部分保持一致。Eg:Myfriend,andnotI,ischosentotakepartintheEnglishcontest.NotyoubutIamtoanswerit.,名词+and+名词,三、意义一致原则,And连接的并列主语为单数概念。主语前分别由each,every,no等词来修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。Eg:Everyboyandeverygirlstudieshard.Nomanandnowomanknowsthesecret.,Akindof+n/thiskindof+n/manykindsof+n/n+ofthis/thatkind/sort/typeV谓与of前的名词保持一致。,代词all,The+adj/分词,指可数n.+V复指不可数n.+V单,TheChinese/English/French/Japanese/police总称+V复,表一类人+V复抽象事物+V单,Thenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were,wasB.was,wasC.was,wereD.were,were2.Applesofthiskind_.Thiskindofapples_.A.tastesgood,tastewellB.tasteswell,tastegoodC.tastegood,tastesgoodD.tastewell,tastesgood3.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_elected.A.areB.haveC.hasD.is4.TheChinese_hard-workingandbrave.A.areB.isC.hasbeenD.isbeing5.Everymeans_.A.hastriedB.havetriedC.hasbeentriedD.havebeentried,三、意义一致原则,实战演练,四、形式一致原则,指句中谓语动词和主语的单复数形式保持一致，常见的结构有：manya+单数n./morethanone+单数n./everyandevery/noandno/eachandeach/manyaandmanya+V单a/an+单数n.+ortwo+V单.oneandahalf+复数名词+V单oneortwo+复数名词+V复可数名词单数+V单/不可数名词+V单由两部分构成的物体，如shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses,scissors,tongs等复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，指代词也用复数形式。EG:Yourtrousersaredirty,youmusthavethemwashed.,Manyaman_cometohelpus.A.haveB.hasC.wereD.are2.Everyboyandeverygirl_inourclass.A.areworkingB.areworkedC.isworkingD.isworked3.Yourtrousers_dirty,youmusthave_washed.A.is,itB.are,itC.are,themD.isthem4.Here_anewpairofshoesforyou.A.isB.areC.haveD.has5.Morethanoneperson_madethesuggestion.A.wasB.wereC.hasD.have,四、形式一致原则,实战演练,五、结构个数一致原则,有些特定结构作主语时，谓语动词应取决于结构的个数。注意：动词形式要服从于主语的结构个数。主语从句,不定式，动名词或疑问词+不定式作主语时，V谓也遵循结构一致的原则。,Wherewecanfindthelostchildren_beendecided.A.isntB.arentC.hasntD.havent2.Lookingaftertenchildrenandtakingcareoftwentypigs_herfull-timejobs.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is3.Whenandwherewewillholdthemeeting_unknown.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is4.Wheretogettheticketsandhowtogetthem_stillsecret.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is,五、结构个数一致原则,实战演练,),1.(2005上海卷)ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,_ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.A.workB.workingC.isworkingD.areworking2.(2005辽宁卷)Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,_intheclothingindustry.A.isworkingB.worksC.workD.worked3.(2005山东卷)Withmoreforestbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_eachyear.A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway4.(2005北京卷)Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,_visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe,六、高考真题回眸,5.(2005广东卷)Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager_toworkonlineathome.AencouragesB.encourageC.isencouragedD.areencouraged6.(2004上海卷)BillsaimistoinformtheviewersthatcigaretteadvertisingonTVisillegal,_?A.isntitB.isitC.isntbeD.isbe7.(2004福建卷)Shehassetanewrecord,thatis,thesalesofherlatestbook_50million.A.havereachedB.hasreachedC.arereachingD.hadreached8.(2002北京卷)Howaretheteamplaying?-Theyreplayingwell,butoneofthem_hurt.A.gotB.getsC.areD.were9.(2000上海卷)Heistheoneofthestudentswho_awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.haveD.hasbeen,六、高考真题回眸,1I,who_yourEnglishteacher,shoulddomybesttohelpyouwithyourEnglishstudies.AareB.isC.amD.was2.Three-quartersoftheland_coveredwithgreengrasswhiletherest_coveredwithpinetrees.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are3.Everyboyandeverygirl_thateachdayandeachhourbrings_duty.A.know;theirB.knows;theirC.knows;itsD.know;its4.Isthereanybodyintheclassroom?No,theteacheraswellasthestudents_totheplayground.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.havegone5.Thefactory,includingitsmachinesandbuildings,_burntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wereD.was,七、考前模拟预测,6.Toplaybasketballandtogoswimming_thepopularformsofsportsinsummer.A.isB.areC.wereD.was7.Whatweneed_theenginneerssuggestions.-Yeah.Theadvicesheofferedus_provedpracticalA.are;doB.are;doesC.is;doD.is;does8.InJa