英语：过去完成时态.VIP

.,Revision:一般过去式的用法,1）一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间连用，yesterday,lastnight,in1990,twodaysago，justnow,atthattime等。,2）也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often,always等表示频度的时间状语连用。,构成：主语+谓语（动词的一般过去式）+其他,.,()1yourfatheratworkthedayyesterday(前天）AWas;beforeBIs;beforeCWas;afterDIs;after,.,()2ThetwinsinDalianlastyearTheyherenowAare;wereBwere;areCwas;areDwere;was,.,过去完成时态,PastperfectTense,.,教学重、难点：,过去完成时的的巩固及运用。2.过去分词的构成。3.与现在完成时的区别,.,过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。,定义：,构成：had过去分词,.,6:007:00现在,BythetimeIgotup,mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.,.,1.我到家时她已经睡了。,BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.,2.到昨天晚上时消息已传遍全球。,Byyesterdayeveningthenewshadspreadthroughtheworld.,.,3.他走以后我找到了那封信。,Ifoundtheletterafterhehadgoneaway.,Wereachedthecinemalate.Thefilmhadalreadybeenonfortenminutes.,4.我们到电影院晚了,电影已经开始十分钟了。,.,过去分词的构成：,1.规则动词的变化(regularverbs)：,a)一般情况下在动词后面加ed,work-worked,play-played,b)以e结尾的动词直接加d,use-used,refuse-refused,c)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改i再加ed,study-studied,carry-carried,d)以重读闭音节结尾的，前面有单个元音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加ed,stop-stopped,drop-dropped,过去完成时的构成：由助动词had+动词的过去分词（V.pp),admit-admitted,beg-begged,drop;prefer;plan;,.,常用的时间状语等标志词：,1、by,before,when,bythetime等构成的短语或引导的从句。,Eg.1)Bythetimeshecametothebusstop,thebushadalreadygone.,2)Wehadfinishedthetaskbeforelastmidnight,3)WhenIarrivedatthepostoffice,IfoundthatIhadlefttheletterathome,4)AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.,.,3、从过去开始，一直持续到过去的另一时间的动作、状态。常用since，for.Eg.ShesaidthatshehadlearnedEnglishforyearssincehecametoourschool注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间状语，及since,for引导的从句和短语连用。,2、由said,told,knew,heard,thought等引导的宾语从句中。Eg.Hetoldmethathehadheardofit.Ithoughtmyhomeworkhadbeenfininshed.ButIdidnt.,.,构成：had过去分词,否定式：,主语+hadnt+p.p.+.,疑问式：,Had+主语+p.p.+?,肯定答语：,Yes,主语+had,否定答语：,No，主语+hadnt,肯定式：主语+had+p.p.+.,.,构成：had过去分词,1：Ihadlearnt5000Englishwordsbytheendoflastweek.2：Ihadntlearnt5000Englishwordsbytheendoflastweek.3：Hadyoulearnt5000Englishwordsbytheendoflastweek?4：HowmanyEnglishwordhadyoulearntbytheendoflastweek?,.,Thethiefhadrunawaybeforethepolicearrived.Wehadlearnt3Chaptersbytheendofyesterday.Henryhadstayedinbedforaweekbeforehewenttoschoolyesterday.,Thethiefhadntrunawaybeforethepolicearrived.,Hadthethiefrunawaybeforethepolicearrived?,Whohadrunawaybeforethepolicearrived?,Wehadntlearnt3chaptersbytheendofyesterday.,Hadyoulearnt3chaptersbytheendofyesterday?,Whathadyoulearntbytheendofyesterday?,Henryhadntstayedinbedforaweekbeforehe,HadHenrystayedinbedforaweekbeforehewenttoschoolyesterday?,HowlonghadHenrystayedinbedbeforehewenttoschoolyesterday?,.,现在完成时和过去完成时的区别：ThedifferencesbetweenPresentPerfecttenseandPastPerfecttense.,.,现在完成时:主语+have/hasdone过去完成时:主语+haddone,.,过去的过去过去现在,now,past,现在完成时,过去完成时,time,time,.,历届高考真题：,1：Howlong_you_inthecountrysidebeforeyoucametoourschool?(2004年湖南对口招生）A:hadtaughtB:havetaughtC:did.teachD:areteaching,.,2：Howlong_you_thearmybeforeyoucametoourcompany?(2006年湖南对口招生）A:did.joinB:have.joinedC:hadbeeninD:havebeenin,.,3：ThefootballmatchonTV_forhalfanhour.(2008年湖南对口招生）A:hasbegunB:hasbeenonC:beganD:isbegining,.,4:Amomentago,apolicemantoldmethathe_mystolenmotorbikeinavillage.(2009年湖南对口招生）A:hasfoundB:hadfoundC:wasfindingD:willfind,.,5:WhenJackarrived,helearnedMary_foralmostanhour(全国对口招生）A;hadgoneB:hadsetoffC:hadleftD:hadbeenaway,.,分析：答案选D。因为上大学是过去，学了五千个英语单词是在上大学之前，即“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时。,6:He_morethan5,000Englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversityattheageof15.(2005北京卷)haslearnedB.wouldhavelearnedC.learnedD.hadlearned,.,分析：答案选D。根据“我没见到他”可知，“在我到达”前“父亲已经去伦敦”了，即父亲去伦敦发生在“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。,7.Father_forLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidntseehim.(2005福建卷)hasleftB.leftC.wasleavingD.hadleft,.,Canyoudoit?,Byyesterdaymorning,he_(call)metentimes.Thepatient_(die)whenthedoctorarrived.IsawLinFengyesterday.We_(notmeet)eachotherforfiveyears.,hadcalled,haddied,hadnotmet,.,4.IreturnedthebookthatI_(borrow).5.Hesaidthathe_(know)herwell.6.Thematch_(be)onforhalfanhour.7.Thematch_(be)onforhalfanhourwhenIgotthere.8.They_(do)theworkat11oclockyesterdaymorning.,hadborrowed,hadknown,hasbeen,hadbeen,did,.,9.They_(do)theworkby11oclockyesterdaymorning.10.Thepopsingers_(leave)whenIgottothemusichalllastnight.Whatapity!11.Howcleantheroomistoday!Oh,yes!Who_(clean)it?,haddone,hadleft,cleaned,.,12.WhatwereyoudoingwhenJimphonedyou?I_(finish)myhomeworkandwasstartingtotakeashower.13.HaveyoueverbeentoGuilin?Yes.I_(go)therefourmonthsago.,hadfinished,went,.,（1）AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）,cost（花费）costcostcut（割）cutcuthit（打）hithithurt伤害）hurthurtlet（让）letletput（放）putputread（读）readreadspread(伸展/传播)spreadspread,.,(2)AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）(3)ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）,beat（跳动）beatbeaten(3)ABA型become（变成）becamebecomecome（来）camecomerun（跑）ranrun,.,(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）1,dig（挖）dugdugget（得到）gotgothang（吊死）hangedhangedhang（悬挂）hunghunghold（抓住）heldheldlay(产卵)laidlaidshine（照耀）shoneshonesit（坐）satsatwin（赢）wonwonmeet（遇见）metmet,.,(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）2,keep（保持）keptkeptsleep（睡）sleptsleptsweep（扫）sweptsweptfeel（感觉）feltfeltsmell（闻）smeltsmeltleave（离开）leftleftbuild（建设）builtbuiltlend（借出）lentlentsend（传送)sentsentspend（花费）spentspent,.,(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）3,sink(沉下)sunk/sanksunk/sunkenlose（丢失）lostlostburn（燃烧）burntburntlearn（学习）learntlearntmean（意思是）meantmeantcatch（抓住）caughtcaughtteach（教)taughttaughtbring(带来）broughtbroughtfight（战斗)foughtfoughtbuy（买）boughtbought,.,(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）4,think（想）thoughtthoughthear（听见）heardheardsell（卖）soldsoldtell（告诉）toldtoldsay（说）saidsaidfind（找到)foundfoundfeed(饲养)fedfedhave/has(有)hadhadmake（制造)mademadestand（站）stoodstood,.,(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）5,smell（闻）smelled/smeltsmelled/smeltstick(粘贴/刺)stuckstuckspell(拼写)spelt/spelledspelt/spelledspit(吐唾沫）spatspatunderstand(明白)understoodunderstood,.,(5)ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）1,(I).begin（开始）beganbegundrink（喝）drankdrunkring（铃响）rangrungsing（唱）sangsungswim（游泳）swamswumblow（吹）blewblowndraw（画）drewdrawnfly（飞）flewflowngrow（生长）grewgrownknow（知道）knewknownthrow（投掷）threwthrownshow（出示）showedshown,.,(5)ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）2,(II)break（打破）brokebrokenhide（躲藏）hidhiddenchoose（选择)chosechosenforget（忘记)forgotforgotten(forgot)freeze（结冰凝固）frozefrozenspeak（说）spokespokenwake（醒）wokewoken,.,(5)ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）3,(III)drive（驾驶）drovedriveneat（吃）ateeatenfall（落下）fellfallengive（给）gavegivenrise（升高）roserisentake（取）tooktakenmistake(弄错)mistookmistakenride（骑）roderiddenwrite（写）wrotewritten,.,(5)ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）4,(IV)do（做）diddonego（去）wentgonelie（平躺）laylainsee（看见）sawseenwear（穿）worewornbe(am,is,are)（是）was,werebeen,.,1.,beatcutletputread,beatcutletputread,red,hitcosthurtset,.,2.,comebecomesitbabysitgetforgetstandunderstandtakemistake,camebecamesatbabysatgotforgotstoodunderstood,mistook,to