研究生英语阅读教程(提高级-第三版)-教学课件Lesson 2ppt课件

.,1,AdvancedReadingRevisedEdition,.,2,策划：鞠方安商希建顾问：李光立主编：刘兰芝杨真真副主编：GeraldZimmerman张波任林静制作人：刘红梅,.,3,LessonTwo,HumbledbyNatureHumblebyCulture,.,4,Catalogue,text,BackgroundInformationWarm-upQuestionsMainIdeaLanguagePointsDifficultSentencesKeystotheExercises,.,5,SusannaJones,authorofTheMissingPersonsGuidetoLove,WaterLily,TheEarthquakeBirdandeditorofTheIllustratedBrightonMoment.SusannaJoneswasborninHullin1967.ShestudieddramaatLondonUniversitywhereshebecameinterestedinJapanesecultureafterstudyingJapaneseNohtheatre.This,BackgroundInformation,.,6,ledtoherlivingandworkinginJapanforseveralyearsasateacherofEnglishinNagoya,andlaterinTokyo,whereshealsoworkedasaradioscripteditor.WhilelivinginTokyoshestartedherfirstnovel,TheEarthquakeBird(2001),amurderstory.ThisnovelwonaCrimeWritersAssociationJohnCreaseyMemorialDagger,aMailontwentylanguages.,BackgroundInformation,.,7,11MarchJapaneseearthquakeandtsunami,Residentssurveythedamagefromthetsunami,.,8,FukushimaNuclearAccident,Fukushimanuclearplantaftertsunami,.,9,BackgroundInformation,PresshereandwatchJapanQuake:MeasuringtheDamage,.,10,Warm-upQuestions,WhatdoyouknowabouttsunamiingeneralandthetsunamionMarch11,2011inparticular?,2.WhatdoyouthinkofJapanesecultureanditscharacteristics?,3.Whatarethenecessarymeasurestocopewithnaturaldisasters?,.,11,MainIdea,SusannaJoneswrotethisarticleonlytwoweeksafterthedevastatingMarch11,2011earthquakeandtsunamiinNorthernJapan.ShefirstpresentsherviewsonhowtheJapanesepeoplereactedtothistremendousdisaster.Shecontinuestoaddherthoughtsonhowculturalrestraintsinfluenceapeoplesresponsetonationaltragedy.ShereflectsonhowtheJapanesepeoplehavealwaysrecognizedtheroleofnatureintheirlives,includingthe,.,12,MainIdea,pleasingchangingoftheseasons,theimportanceofthelandandseafortheirfoodsupply,andthealways-presentthreatofnaturaldisastersfromearthquakesandtsunamis.Bycomparingthe1995Japaneseresponsetobothaterroristattackthatkilled12people,andamajorearth-quakethatkilled6,000,shewonderswhytherewaslongerlongerlastingpublicreactiontotheterroristattackthanthemoredevastatingKobeearthquake.Coulditbe,.,13,thatforcesofnatureareaninevitablepartofJapanesehistoricalexperience,butthattheterroristattackwasahumancausedevent,overwhichthereshouldbegreatercontrol?Wasitbecausetheydidnotwanttothinkaboutunpredictableearthquakes?SusanneJonesgoesontoconsiderasmallcollectionofshortstorieswrittenafterthe1995KobeearthquakebyaJapanesenovelist,HarukiMurakami.Inthesestoriesshesearchesforan,MainIdea,.,14,understandingofhowJapanesecultureisrespondingnow,andhow,overtime,howitmayrespondtothecatastro-phicearthquakeandtsunamiof2011.,MainIdea,.,15,LanguagePoints,1.scalenusingular(line1,para.1)thesizeorextentofsth,especiallywhenitisverybig法治一旦崩溃就有可能导致大肆杀戮。Thebreakdownoflawandordercouldresultinkillingonamassivescale.他低估了问题的严重性。Heunderestimatesthescaleoftheproblem.,.,16,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:amount,area,breadth,bulk,capacity,depth,width,volume,dimensions,extent,guge,height,immensity,largeness,length,magnitude,measurement,propotions,.,17,LanguagePoints,2.tsunaminc(line1,para.1）averylargewave,causedbyextremeconditionssuchasanearthquake,whichcancausealotofdamagewhenitreachesland,.,18,LanguagePoints,3.remindernc(line1,para.1）sththatmakesyounotice,remember,orthinkaboutsth这些废墟提醒人们不要忘记战争的恐怖。Theseruinsareareminderofthehorrorsofwar.发生了暴力事件。这给了人们一个严酷的提示宗教紧张局势还在持续。Violencehasbrokenout,astarkreminderthatthereligioustensionsarerefusingtogoaway.,.,19,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:memorandum,nudge,prompt,mnemonic,.,20,LanguagePoints,constant/painful/vividetcreminder2)sth,forexamplealetter,thatremindsyoutodosthwhichyoumighthaveforgotten我收到图书馆的另一张催还单。Ihavehadanotherreminderfromthelibrary.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。Italwaystookafinalremindertogethertopayhershareoftherent.,.,21,LanguagePoints,4.carryvt(line2,para.1）1)toconvey将英国文化传递到世界的另一端。TheycarriedtheEnglishculturetotheothersideoftheworld.她把这则消息立刻禀报了主人。Shecarriedthenewsstraighttothemaster.,.,22,LanguagePoints,2)be/getcarriedaway:tobesoexcited,angry,interestedetcthatyouarenolongerreallyincontrolofwhatyoudoorsay,oryouforgeteverythingelse我激动不已,几乎哭了出来。Igotcompletelycarriedawayandalmostcried.,.,23,LanguagePoints,5.horrorfilm/movie(line1,para.2）afilminwhichstrangeandfrighteningthingshappen再也不要带我去看恐怖电影，我简直被吓得魂不附体。Nevertakemetoahorrorfilmagain.Iwasscaredoutofmywits.,.,24,LanguagePoints,6.footagenu(line1,para.2）cinemafilmshowingaparticularevent他们准备播放今年夏天节日庆典的独家镜头.Theyareplanningtoshowexclusivefootagefromthissummersfestivals.这个片段来自事发当晚的闭路摄象。Thisisfootagefromtheclosed-circuitcameraonthenightinquestion.,.,25,LanguagePoints,7.clichn（line3,para.2）,1)anideaorexpressionusedbymanypeople,她正尝试写一篇没有陈词滥调内容的爱情故事。,Sheistryingtowritealovestorywithoutresortingtowell-wornclichs.,2)adjusedorheardsooftenastobedull,aclichtaleoflustandbetrayalamongthefabulouslyrich,富人之间老生常谈的欲望与背叛的故事,.,26,LanguagePoints,Aclichisacommonandoverusedphrase.Itisusedtodescribesomething.Theword“trite”mightalsobeused.Usingclichsisoftenconsideredtodemonstratealackofcreativity.HereJonesgivestheexampleofusingtheword“nightmare”,ahorriblefrighteningdream,indescribinganapocalypse,aneventwithdestructionofacatastrophicscale.Shegoesontosaythatsometimessomethingissoterrible,thatsimple,clichwordsarethebesttouse.,.,27,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:banality,commonplace,familiarphrase,hackneyedexpression,platitude,.,28,LanguagePoints,8.apocalypsenc(line3,para.2）theapocalypse:thedestructionandendoftheworld我们生活在世界末日的阴影中。Weliveintheshadowoftheapocalypse.,.,29,LanguagePoints,9.pointsofreferencencplural(line4,para.2）sthyoualreadyknowaboutthathelpsyouunderstandasituation我们在英语教学上还有固定不变的参考标准吗？DowestillhaveanyfixedpointofreferenceintheteachingofEnglish?本文主要介绍了参考标准的使用。Theuseofreferencepointsisbrieflyintroducedinthispaper.,.,30,10.ripawayvadv(line6,para.2)toremovesthquicklyandviolently,昨夜的风把树叶都刮掉了。,Lastnightswindhadrippedalltheleavesawayfromthetrees.,我剥掉了他伪君子的画皮。,Irippedawayhismaskofhypocrite.,LanguagePoints,.,31,LanguagePoints,11.helicopternc(line6,para.2)atypeofaircraftwithlargemetalbladesontopwhichturnaroundveryquicklytomakeitfly;choppe,.,32,LanguagePoints,12.hoverover/abovevt(line6,para.2)itstaysinoneplaceintheair海鸥在惊涛骇浪上翱翔。Seagullshoveroverthesurgingwaves.,.,33,LanguagePoints,13.ragingadj(line6,para.2)1)continuingormovingwithgreatnaturalforceRagingflame他看到一道烈火熊熊的巨大火墙。Hesawagiganticwallofragingflamebeforehim.实地考察时要穿过一条水流湍急的河。Thefieldtripinvolvedcrossingaragingtorrent.Aragingtorrent,.,34,LanguagePoints,2)continuingstronglyandshowingnosignsofending如果再发生严重的通货膨胀，那么利率就会迅速上调。Ifraginginflationreturns,theninterestrateswillshootup.可能偶尔会有批评，但现在显然没有出现激烈的辩论。Theremaybetheoccasionalcriticismbutitsclearthereisnoragingdebaterightnow.,.,35,LanguagePoints,14.screeningsn(line7,para.2)ashowingofmotionpicture制作人将出席电影放映礼介绍他们的作品。Thefilm-makerswillbepresentatthescreeningstointroducetheirworks.各电视台被禁止播放任何有关这次游行的画面。TVstationswerebannedfromscreeninganypicturesofthedemonstration.,.,36,LanguagePoints,15.magnituden(line1,para.3)1)theforceofanearthquake1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。TheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906hadamagnitudeof8.3.2)nuthegreatsizeorimportanceofsth,.,37,LanguagePoints,这么大的手术实施起来十分困难。Anoperationofthismagnitudeisgoingtobedifficult.似乎没有人意识到这个问题的严重性。Nooneseemstorealisethemagnitudeofthisproblem.,.,38,16.unforgivingadj(line1,para.4),1)harshandunremitting,一片恶劣荒凉的风景,anunforgivinganddesolatelandscape,2)notwillingtoforgive;unmerciful,Theyareunforgivingofthesmallestmistake.,最小的错误他们都不宽恕。,LanguagePoints,.,39,LanguagePoints,17.typhoonn(line1,para.4)averyviolenttropicalstorm,.,40,18.lestconj(line2,para.4),forfearthatoftenusedafteranexpressiondenotingfearorapprehension,他上好闹钟，免得上课迟到。,Hesetthealarmlesthebelateforclass.,Shetiptoedlesttheguardshouldhearher.,她蹑手蹑脚，唯恐守卫听到。,LanguagePoints,.,41,LanguagePoints,19.iconicadjiconn(line2,para.4)An“icon”isavisualimagethatisstronglyassociatedwithaspecificplace,eventorfeeling.InChristianityandotherreligionsaniconmaybeidentifiedwithaholyfigureorconcept.,.,42,LanguagePoints,20.MountFujin(line2,para.4)avolcano,about100kmsouthwestofTokyo,whichisthehighestmountaininJapan.Itstophastheshapeofaperfectcone.,.,43,LanguagePoints,21.viewingn(lastlineofpara.4)watching她不赞成儿子不加选择地看电视。Shedisapprovedofhersonsindiscriminatetelevisionviewing.晚上看了一部怀旧的影片。Thefilmprovidedaneveningofnostalgicviewing.,.,44,LanguagePoints,22.volcanon(lastlineofpara.4)amountainwithalargeholeatthetop,throughwhichlava;veryhotliquidrockissometimesforcedout火山爆发，把无数的石块抛向天空。Avolcanoeruptedandpropelledrockshighintothesky.死火山又重新喷发，对这座城市来说意味着大难临头。Theextinctvolcanoseruptionwouldmeanacataclysmforthecity.,.,45,LanguagePoints,activevolcano:onethatmayexplodeatanytimedormantvolcano:onethatisnotactiveatthemomentextinctvolcano:onethatisnolongeractiveatall,.,46,23.betemperedwith(line3,para.5),todilute,qualify,orsoftenbytheadditionorinfluenceofsomethingelse;tomoderate,宽严相济（恩威并施）,totemperjusticewithmercy,Thenewsstorywastemperedwithaparagraphofexplanationandjustification.,一段解释和正当的理由缓和了新闻故事造成的影响。,LanguagePoints,.,47,LanguagePoints,24.bandn(line4,para.5)1)narrowareaoflight,colour,landetcthatisdifferentfromtheareasaroundit那只白盘子镶有金边。Thewhiteplatehasagoldband.她穿了一条滚黑边的红色裙子。Shewearsaredskirtwithbandofblackinit.,.,48,LanguagePoints,2)agroupofpeopleformedbecauseofacommonbelieforpurpose一伙无视法律的暴徒过去常横行于这个镇子，一路烧杀抢掠。Bandsoflawbreakersusedtoragethroughthetown,shootingandrobbing.,.,49,25.evokevt(line6,para.5),1)tobringtomindorrecollection,老房子唤起了他童年的回忆。,Theoldhouseevokedmemoriesofhischildhood.,Hiswordsevokedanangryreply.,2)tocallforthorprovoke;toproduce,他的话引发了愤怒的回复。,LanguagePoints,.,50,Synonyms:evoke,educe,elicit,Theseverbsmeantodrawforthorbringoutsthlatent,hidden,orunexpressed,toevokelaughter,totrytoelicitthetruth,toeducesignificancefromtheevent,LanguagePoints,.,51,LanguagePoints,26.cherryblossomsn(line6,para.5)aflowerortheflowersonatreeorbushin(full)blossomwithflowersfullyopen,.,52,LanguagePoints,27.neonn(lastbut2ndlineofpara.5)acolourlessgasthatisfoundinsmallquantitiesintheairandisusedinglasstubestoproduceabrightlightinelec-tricadvertisingsign,.,53,LanguagePoints,28.overlayn(lastlineofpara.5)sthwhichcoverssthelse一张台面包银的桌子。atablecoveredwithsilveroverlay砖墙上覆盖了一层木板。Anoverlayofwoodcoversthebrickwall.,.,54,LanguagePoints,29.livewithvprep(line1,para.6)toacceptadifficultsituationthatislikelytocontinueforalongtime;toputupwith,totolerate必须学会接受压力。Youhavetolearntolivewithstress.不管你喜欢与否，你得接受新税法。Whetheryoulikeitornot,youwillhavetolivewiththenewtaxlaw.,.,55,LanguagePoints,30.suspendvt(line5,para.6)1)tostop我请求他们别轻率下断语。Irequestthemtosuspendtheirdecision.说来话长，你可得当真事来听。Itisalongstory.Youwillhavetosuspenddisbeliefcompletely.,.,56,LanguagePoints,2)tomakesomeoneleavetheirschoolorjobforashorttime,especiallybecausetheyhavebrokentherules他因吸毒休学了。Hewassuspendedfromschoolfordrug-taking.,.,57,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:adjourn,breakoff,defer,delay,discontinue,interrupt,postpone,putoff,.,58,31.subsequentadj(line2,para.7),1)followingintime,order,orplace,人口增长率在1999年达到了高峰，在随后几年下降。,Therateofpopulationgrowthreachedapeakin1999anddeclinedinsubsequentyears.,Thechildbecameillsubsequenttoreceivinganinjectionagainstmeasles.,2)subsequentto:after,孩子在注射麻疹疫苗后生病了。,LanguagePoints,Measles,.,59,Synonym:consequent,ensuring,following,later,next,resulting,succeeding,succeeding:comingafterorfollowing,Thecouplepurchasedsomeland,andinthecourseofthesucceedingyearbuiltahouseonit.,Theoldmanhadnoteatensincetheprecedingday.,Antonym:preceding:existingorcomingbefore,LanguagePoints,.,60,LanguagePoints,32.packagen(line3,para.7)1)sthwrappedinpaper,packedinaboxandthensentbymailordelivered;parcelBrE我撕开了那个包裹。Itoreopenthepackage.我们需要几段绳子用来打包。Wellneedseverallengthsofstringtotiethepackage.,.,61,LanguagePoints,2)asetofideasorservicesthataresuggestedorofferedalltogetherasagroup政府已经公布了帮助英国电影产业的一揽子措施。ThegovernmenthasannouncedapackageofmeasurestohelptheBritishfilmindustry.他们下了很大的决心，提出了一揽子解决问题的设想。Itwasaharddecisionforthemtoproposethepackagesolution.,.,62,LanguagePoints,33.mediacoveragen(line5first本次会议的初步目标是澄清这些问题。Theinitialaimofthismeetingistoclarifytheissues.她克服了起初的羞怯之后，变得十分友善。Aftershedovercomeherinitialshyness,shebecameveryfriendly.,.,64,LanguagePoints,35.adversitynu(line7,para.7)asituationinwhichyouhavealotofproblemsthatseemtobecausedbybadluck在患难中不弃你而去的人才是真正的朋友。Intimeofadversity,thosewhodonotdesertyouarerealfriends.有充分准备的人，在逆境中充满希望，在顺境中不忘担忧。Awell-preparedmindhopesinadversityandfearsinprosperity.,.,65,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:calamity,catastrophe,disappointment,disaster,hardship,misadventure,mischance,mishap,reverse,tragewdy,trouble,vicissitude,setback,.,66,LanguagePoints,36.“goessomeway”(line8,para.7)tomakeprogresstoward;toaccomplishsomething.Thisphrasewouldusuallyimplyhavingormakingasignificantcontribution-(asopposedto“goingalittleway”,makingasmallcontributiontoexplain-ing,oraccomplishingsomething.,.,67,LanguagePoints,37.dissectvt(line9,para.7)toexaminesthcarefullyinordertounderstandit人们想仔细分析他的作品，并质疑其动机。Peoplewanttodissecthisworkandquestionhismotives.这几本书分析了名人的生活。Thebooksinwhichthelivesoffamouspeoplearedissected.,.,68,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:breakdown,analyze,interpret,investigate,scrutinize,separateout,.,69,LanguagePoints,38.afford/have/enjoytheluxuryofsth(line1bewrappedinthought,他醉心于岛屿的文化中。,Heimmersedhimselfinthecultureoftheisland.,LanguagePoints,.,72,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:bathe,dip,drench,drown,dunk,plunge,submerge,.,73,LanguagePoints,41.anthologyn(lastlineofpara.9)asetofstories,poems,songsetcbydifferentpeoplecollectedtogetherinonebook;collection我有一本现代名言集萃。Ihaveananthologyofmodernquotations.这是一本妙语连珠、智慧洋溢的文集。Itisananthologythatcrackleswithwitandwisdom.,.,74,LanguagePoints,42.aftershockn(thelastlineofpara.9)theeffectsofashockingevent去年遭受的旱灾让他们心有余悸、倍感忧虑。Theywerealreadyunderstress,thankstotheaftershockoflastyearsdrought.,.,75,LanguagePoints,43.bonfirenc(line3,para.10)alargeoutdoorfire,eitherforburningwasteorforaparty他们不断往篝火上加木柴，直到火光冲天。Theypiledwoodontothebonfireuntiltheflamesroared.,.,76,LanguagePoints,44.upbeatadj(line2,para.11)positiveandmakingyoufeelthatgoodthingswillhappendownbeat科学家对即将收集到的信息仍满怀希望。Scientistsremainupbeatabouttheinformationthatwillbegathered.国防部长对目前的战事给予了乐观的评价。TheDefenseSecretarygaveanupbeatassessmentofthewarsofar.,.,77,LanguagePoints,45.updatenc(line2,para.12)themostrecentnewsorinformationaboutsth新闻快讯anewsupdate最新天气报告aweatherupdate最新足球战况footballresultsupdate,.,78,46.goaboutvprep（lastlineofpara.12),尽管战争一触即发，人们仍像平时一样忙于工作。,Despitethethreatofwar,peoplegoabouttheirworkasusual.,Wedliketohelpbutwerenotsurehowtogoaboutit.,一,tosetabout；todosth,我们愿意帮助，但我们不知道如何去做。,LanguagePoints,.,79,LanguagePoints,47.“gettingonwithit.”（lastlineofpara.12)To“getbackontrack”isanidiom,thatistoreturntowhatoneissupposedtobedoing.“gettingonwithit.”meanstocontinuedoingwhatwasplanned,normal,expected.,.,80,LanguagePoints,48.narrativencfml(line3,para.13)adescriptionofeventsinastory,especiallyinanovel这本书的大部分篇幅都是叙述性的。Narrativemakesupmostofthebook.霍尔巧妙地把历史研究揉进了扣人心弦的故事叙述。Hallskilfullyweavesthehistoricalresearchintoagrippingnarrative.,.,81,LanguagePoints,Synonyms:account,chrinicle,history,story,tale,.,82,49.incongruousadj(line3,para.14),1)strange,unexpected,orunsuitableinaparticularsituation,Howdidtheyproducesuchanincongrousdaughter?,Heseemedincongruouswiththefamily.,他们怎么生了这么个怪女儿？,他似乎与家人格格不入。,LanguagePoints,.,83,1.Itisaclich,asitistotalkofapocalypseandnightmare,butwhensomethingisbeyondourexperience,wereachforthepointsofreferencewehave.(line3,para.2),说到世界末日和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的经验时，我们总会寻求现有的东西作为参照标准。,DifficultSentences,.,84,2.Amealcontainednotonlytheflavorsofaseason,butitsveryatmosphereandthememoriesthatitevoked.(line5,para.5),一顿饭不仅包含了