高考语法复习之状语从句

高考语法复习系列,状语从句,状语从句考点历年来主要考察时间状语从句、地点状语从句、让步状语从句和目的状语从句引导词的选择。,2006年高考题组,1.(全国II,13.)wethoughttherewere35studentsinthedininghall,_,infact,therewere40.whileB.whetherC.whatD.which2.(全国I,28)_hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although,A,D,3.(北京,33)_Youvetriedit,youcantimaginehowpleasantitis.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When4.(天津,2)Ifyouaretraveling_thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.A.InwhichB.whatC.whenD.where5.(重庆,23)Intimeofseriousaccidents,_weknowsomebasicthingsabutfirstaid,wecansavelives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless,A,D,C,6.(广东,26)JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,_thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.AsB.ifC.whenD.where7.(广东,31)”Youcanthavethisfootballback_youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain,”theoldmansaidfirmly.BecauseB.sinceC.whenD.where,A,D,8.(湖南,23)Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilyfryingmyselfwithatowel_Iheardthesteps.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after9.(江西,27)Inpeace,too,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp_thereishumansuffering.whoeverB.howeverC.WhateverD.wherever10.(福建,25.)-Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe_Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon.-Perhapstwoorthreeyears.A.WhenB.UntilC.thatD.before,B,D,D,11.(四川,23.)-Mon,whatdidyourdoctorsay?-Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where12.(四川,35)-Whydidntyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?-Herushedoutoftheroom_Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after,D,A,13.(浙江,2)Wedidntkeepwinninggames_wekeepplayingwell.BecauseB.unlessC.whenD.while14.(江苏,31)_environmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystemtorecover.EvenifB.IfonlyC.WhileD.Once15.(陕西,9)Hisplanwassuchagoodone_weallagreedtoacceptit.A.SoB.andC.thatD.as,B,D,C,16.(陕西,20)Thisisaveryinterestingbook.Illbuyit,_.A.HowmuchmayitcostB.NomatterhowitmaycostC.HowevermuchitmaycostD.Howmayitcost,C,17.(山东,31)Howcanyouexpecttolearnanything_youneverlisten?incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.when18.(辽宁,24)Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal_afamiliarvoicecametohisears.whyB.whereC.whenD.while,D,C,(一）时间状语从句表示时间的状语从句可由when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till(until),since,once,assoonas(或themoment),bythetime,nosoonerthan,hardly(scarcely)when,everytime等引导。e.g.WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.NosoonerhadIgonetobedthanIwenttosleep.,1、时间状语从句问题1：Dontbeafraidofaskingforhelpitisneeded.（03全国卷）AunlessBsinceCalthoughDwhen,D,根据句意，此处只能为时间状语从句，故答案为D。unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；since虽引导时间状语从句，但意思为“从以来”，这些都与题意无关。引导时间状语的引导词很多，复习when时要注意比较它与while与as的区别。,when,while,as三者的具体用法关键在于动作发生的时间及从句的动词。while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，不用瞬间动词；when表时间，从句既可用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词；as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行，可用延续行动词的一般过去式表式过去进行时。when,while后还可以接分词短语。when作并列连词，表示一个动作在发生时，另一个动作接着发生，这时就不能用while、as。,Iwaswalkingonthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulder.while作并列连词，表示两种情况对比。HewasplayingtheguitarwhilehissisterwaswatchingTV.,问题2：1)Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.（03北京春季）AafterBunlessCuntilDWhen2)Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken_hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.（05北京春季）A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because,C,A,until/till“直到止”(肯定句，主句是延续性动词);notuntil“直到才”(否定句，主句是终止性动词);until可用于倒装句和强调句，till不用于句首。NotuntilIreturneddidshefinishherhomework.ItwasnotuntilIreturnedhomethatshefinishedherhomework.,问题3：1、TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears_theNorthwonintheend.(05广东卷)A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.then2、Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_itgotworse.（03北京）A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as,B,C,before从句是高考中的一大热点，从时间概念上不难作出判断。注意它的翻译：在肯定句中一般翻译成“（主句的动作）才（从句的动作）”，如题1；或“还没有（从句的动作）就（主句的动作）”，如题2。,问题4：DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes,Igaveittoher_Isawher.（01北京春季）AwhileBthemomentCsuddenlyDonce,B,thetime（当的时刻）,themoment/minute/second/instant(一就),nexttime(下次),thefirsttime(第一次的时候),thelasttime(上次的时候)，immediately（一就）,instantly（一就）,directly（一就）等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句；还有一些表示习惯性动作的词如：everytime（每次）,eachtime（每次）,whenever（每当）等也可引导表示时间的状语从句。,(二)条件状语从句,条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if,unless,so(as)longas,onconditionthat,so(as)faras,ifonly(=if)。注意：条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。,e.g.Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.SofarasIknow（据我所知）,hewillbeawayforthreemonths.Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat(=if)youdontgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.,问题1：1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.（2000全国）AaslongasBwhileCifDeventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_youexerciseregularly,youwontkeepgoodhealth.（05重庆卷）A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if,C,A,unless相当于ifnot，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。,问题2：1、_Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.（04北京春季）A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctors_Ihavetowait.（05全国卷3）AincaseBsothatCinorderDasif,B,A,aslongas与asfaras都可引导条件状语从句，aslongas表示“只要”，asfaras表示“就而论（而言）”。题1根据题意应该选用B。incase表示“以防”，根据题2的句意，不难作出选择。,(三)让步状语从句让步状语从句可由although,though,as,evenif(though),however,whatever,whetheror,nomatterwho(when,what,)等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。e.g.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.Childasheis,heknowsalot.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,Illneverchangemymind.,3、让步状语从句问题1：1、_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.（04江苏）A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,_theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南卷）(B)A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough,A,B,while是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。evenif等于eventhough，表示“即使、尽管”。asthough等于asif，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。,问题2：1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_difficultitwas.（05天津卷）A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.（05浙江）AhoweverBwhateverCwhicheverDwherever,A,B,nomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别：nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。如:Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，Nomatterwh-不能。如：WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome,(四)原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,as,nowthat（既然）等，for表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。e.g.Heisdisappointedbecausehedidntgettheposition.Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.,(五).地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.,区分由where引导的从句Youaretofinditwhereyouliftit.Tellmetheplacewherehelives.Idontknowwherehecamefrom.Wherehehasgoneidnotknownyet.Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.,状语从句,定语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,表语从句,(六)目的状语从句引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so,sothat（从句谓语常有情态动词）,inorderthat,incase（以防，以免）等。e.g.Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.,(七)结果状语从句结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由sothat（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）,sothat,suchthat等引导。e.g.Shewasill,sothatshedidntattendthemeeting.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.,（八）方式状语从句方式状语从句常由as,asif(though),theway,ratherthan等引导。e.g.YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.,（九）比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than,so(as)as,themorethemore等引导。e.g.Ihavemadealotmoremistakesthanyouhave.Hesmokescigarettesasexpensiveashecanafford.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.,状语从句要注意的几点:1.在“时间、条件、让步”三种状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在since引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。,1、Thehousecouldfalldownsoonifnoone_somequickrepairwork.（04全国IV）AhasdoneBisdoingCdoesDhaddone2、Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.（05北京春季）A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when,C,B,2.状语从句的省略1)当从句的主语与主句的主语相同,从句的谓语有be,可省去主语与动词be.2)当从句是itis+表语时,itis可省去,While(Iwas)atcollege,Ibegantoknowhim,astrangebutablestudent.Heopenedthedesk,asif(hewas)insearchofsomethingimportant.If(itis)possible,Ishouldliketohavetwocopiesofit.,Newideassometimeshavetowaitforyearsbefore_.beingfullyacceptedhavingfullyacceptedC.fullyacceptedD.fullyaccept,A,3.状语从句的倒装问题,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：否定词开头；so加adj.开头；as/though引导的让步状语从句。,1、Sodifficult_ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(01上海)A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel2、Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,_howseriousthepollutionwas.(95NMET)A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize,D,A,02-05年高考题组,1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen_hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif2.Dontbeafraidofaskingforhelp_itisneeded.A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when,3.Rosesneedspecialcare_theycanlivethroughwinter.BecauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as4.Theywantedtocharge$5,000forthecar,_wemanagedtobringthepricedown.A.butB.soC.whenD.since,5.-Whatwouldyoudoifit_tomorrow?-Wehavetocarryiton,sincewevegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining6.IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctors_Ihavetowait.A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asif,7.Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD