广东省中山市2017-2018学年高二下学期期末统一考试英语试题含答案

第一部分阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D），选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAlmost all American cities have nicknames. They help establish a citys identity. They can also spread unity and pride among its citizens.Two east coast cities-Philadelphia and Boston-were both important in the early history of the United States. Philadelphia is best known as The City of Brotherly Love.In 1681, King Charles II of England gave William Penn a large amount of land to establish a colony. The king named the colony Pennsylvania in honor of Penns father. William Penn was a Quaker. He brought his beliefs about equality, religious freedom and brotherly love to this new land. Penn was also an expert in Latin and Greek. He established a city and named it Philadelphia, which is Greek for “brotherly love”. An ancient city called Philadelphia was also noted in Christianitys holy book, the Bible.Philadelphia became the social, political and geographical center of the American colonies. In the late 1700s, many events that took place in Philadelphia gave birth to the American Revolution and independence. For example, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed in the city. Philadelphia was the temporary capital of the new nation from1790 to 1800.Some of Philadelphias other nicknames are The Quaker City, The Cradle of Liberty and The Birthplace of America. Philadelphia is a long name, so many people Just call it Philly.1. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. Philadelphia is originally a Latin word.B. Philadelphia was given its name in memory of Penns father.C. Philadelphia used to be the capital of America for about 100 years.D. Penns beliefs as a Quaker affected the naming of Philadelphia2. What is the Probable reason why Philadelphia was nicknamed as The Cradle of Liberty?A. It was once the Capital of America.B. Its people enjoyed greater liberty than any other cities in America.C. Many significant events happening there contributed to the independence of America.D. It was socially, politically as well as geographically significant in the American colonies.3. What is most likely to be introduced in the next part of the text?A. The development of PhiladelphiaB. The nicknames of BostonC. The reasons why Philadelphia got its nicknames.D. The relationship between Philadelphia and BostonBFive-year-old Albert Einstein stared at a compass in his hand as if it held magic. His father explained it was magnetism that made the compass needle always point north. To many children the compass would have been just another toy. To Albert the compass was a miracle he would never forget.But then Albert had always been different from other children. Born on March 14, 1879, in Germany, Albert hadnt been looked like other babies. His mother, Pauline thought the back of his head looked strange. Other babies didnt have such large, pointed skulls. Was something wrong with Albert? Finally the doctor told Pauline everything was fine.When Albert was one, his family moved to Munich, where his sister, Maja, was born a year later. Looking down at the tiny sleeping bundle, Albert was puzzled. Where were the babys wheels? The disappointed two year old wanted to know. Albert had expected a baby sister to be something like a toy, and most of his toys had wheels.Alberts parents were amused by his confusion. But any response at all would have delighted them. At an age when many children have lots to say, Albert seemed strangely backward. Hermann and Pauline wondered why he was so late in talking. Was their son developing normally? As Albert grew older, he continued to have trouble putting his thoughts into words. Even when he was nine years old, he spoke slowly, if he decided to say anything at all. Pauline and Hermann didnt know what to think.But Albert was a good listener and a good thinker Sometimes when he went hiking with his parents and Maja, he thought about his fathers compass and what it had revealed to him. The clear, open meadows were filled with more than the wind or the scent of flowers. They were also filled with magnetism. The very thought of it quickened Alberts pulse.4. Why did Albert think the compass was a miracle?A. Because the compass was another toy for him.B. Because the compass was another tool for him.C. Because the compass always moved.D. Because the compass always pointed to the north.5. How old was Albert when his sister was born?A. One year oldB. Two years oldC. Four years oldD. Five years old6. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. He felt very puzzled because his baby sister had no wheels.B. He felt very confused because his baby sister didnt talk to him.C. He felt very pleased because his baby sister looked like his toy.D. He felt very satisfied because his baby sister liked him.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. A Miracle for Young AlbertB. Einsteins Childhood StoriesC. What Makes Einstein DifferentD. Einstein and His FamilyCThe Year of 1510ArtIn 1510, art developed and the first widely distributed printed book, Gutenbergs Bible, had appeared in the 1450s. Explorers were expanding knowledge of the planet as they crossed the Atlantic, or pushed south along the African and South America continents.Art historians name only Michaelangelo and Raphael as talented enough to rank with their peer, Leonardo da Vinci, most known for his paintings of the “Mona Lisa” and “The Last Supper”. Centuries later, no one can name a man as intellectually diverse as da Vinci, whose interest included biology, botany, engineering, physics, astronomy, medicine and other fields a man equally at home in the arts and the scientists, known for his inventions and his artistic talent.There is, however, a German painter, printmaker and theorist from Nuremberg whose watercolors and woodcuts reveal remarkable talent. He is Albrecht Durer (1471-1528), whose works have stood the test of time, making him an icon of the Northern Renaissance, as are elder and younger Hans Holbeins.PopulationThe world population in the year 1510 is believed to have been just over 450 million. It is now about 7 billion and expected to reach about 9.5 billion in 2050. Regions with the largest population still were in Southern and Eastern Asia. More than half of the worlds population lived there.CitiesThe top cities in 1510 begin with the largest, Beijing in China (672,000), and four of the top 10 are in China, where as only one, Paris (185,000) in eighth place, is in Europe. Cairo, Egypt, is in third place, and Tabriz, Iran, is in fifth place.8. What can we not lean about Albrecht Durer from the passage?A. His nationality.B. His achievement.C. His occupation.D. His education.9. Which of the following can we infer from the passage?A. Art historians think highly of Leonardo da VinciB .In 1510, regions with the largest population were in Europe.C. Leonardo da Vinci is known for his inventions and talent in art.D. Explorers crossed the Atlantic, African and South America continents.10. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To compare life in 1510 with that of today.B. To show respect to great people in the history.C. To provide us some information about the year of 1510.D. To introduce the development of art, population and cities.11. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Bible appeared in the middle of the 15th century.B. Four of the top 10 cities in 1510 arc in Europe.C. Cairo is after Tabriz as one of the top 10 cities in 1510.D. The world population in 1510 is a little smaller than that of today.DAs animals grow, the sounds they make change. But some sounds continue to change, even after an animal matures. Thats true for humans, and now it turns out to be true for North Atlantic right whales, too.Syracuse University biologist Holly Root-Gutteridge analyzed recordings of whale calls to see if researchers could use those sounds to identify individual whales.tn an audio program on a computer screen, a call has a particular shape. “Staring at these calls all day, I started to notice they were changing from being a little tiny baby to being a fair sized adult, but that they kept changing over time.”Root-Gutteridge and her colleagues gathered nearly a thousand calls from 49 individual whales between the ages of one month and 37 years.Like many other animals, the calls of the infants were both shorter and less structured than those of the adults. Mature whales produced calls that were clearer, longer, and more structurally complex. But the researchers also found that the calls continued to develop long after the whales reached sexual and physical maturity.“Instead of just changing from the age of 0 to 15 when theyre pretty much full-grown, they kept changing after the age of 15 and just kept going throughout their whole lives. Compared to say, a bird, where usually they get to their full-grown state and then they dont change these calls.”In other words, understanding the calls of North Atlantic right whales might shed some light on the minds of North Atlantic right whales. In the meantime, scientists announced recently that they did not observe any newly born North Atlantic right whales these years. With luck, the work of biologists like Root-Gutteridge might offer insights that help us we try to help them survive.12. How did Root-Gutteridge know whale calls change over time?A. By staring at whales.B. By making a comparison.C. By gathering information.D. By studying the recording of whale calls.13. What can we learn from the text?A. Like many other animals, whales began changing calls from 15.B. The calls of baby whales are much clearer than those of the adults.C. Adult whales produce calls much more complex than baby whales.D. Whale calls will not change after whales reach sexual and physical maturity.14. Why did the researches compare the bird calls with whale calls?A. To help people know what whale calls are like.B. To show that whales can change their calls and way of communication.C. To confirm that birds are more intelligent than whales.D. To prove that whales are better than birds in changing call.15. In which field may Root-Gutteridges research help?A. Whales survival.B. Whales difference.C. Whales intelligence.D. Whales habitat protection.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。By modeling good reading habits for your teen, you will be doing something good for both of you. Fortunately, there are many interesting things you can do to set a positive example for the teen in your life.Read something together.Check out two copies of the same book from the library. 16 . Organize a reading schedule, and time to discuss what youve been reading. Try talking about books spontaneously, too, such as on the way to sports practice, while walking the dog, or during meals. Make reading a regularly scheduled part of every day, a time when you both do nothing but read, such as right after dinner or just before bedtime. 17 . Volunteer together to read with children at a school, hospital, or library. You might instead read to seniors at a long-term care facility.Keep reading materials in handy places.Your teen will be more likely to read spontaneously if you strategically place reading materials on the coffee table, in the bathroom, in the car, or next to the morning cercal bowl. 18 Show your teen how reading is related to other activities. 19 Choose some books that will teach you about the area where you will be traveling, or read a novel set in that region. Do you have a pet? Read a book about pet training, or choose a novel about the trails and joys of pet ownership.Visit bookstores and libraries regularly.On a weekend, drop by the bookstore, grab a few books, and sit down to a hot chocolate together. Or go to the library for your sustained reading time. 20 A. Read to someone else.B. Are you going on a trip?C. Or given each other your favourite books, and trade off them.D. Read out loud-perhaps even with the whole family or a group of friends.E. Keep a reading journal or Reading Record Chart to keep track of what you have both read.F. You can model good reading habits just by going where other people go to browse and read.G. Tuck books into purses and backpacks, so that reading becomes an integral part of a typical day.第二部分英语知识运用（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I have learned that having a job is great. It 21 I can afford things such as a place to live and daily meals. And with an above-average job, I can afford a car and 22 overseas vacations. However, I also understand how 23 it is to have a below-average job, having had many of them before. 24 speaking, its pretty awful. 25 a car was merely a dream I could barely afford to 26 the subway.So, I 27 to go to university and get a degree. After 28 , I got a job at a plumbing company, which I was 29 at. It was no 30 when I was asked to leave that job after only four days. 31 , I emailed my resume to every company and government institution with an online careers page. I even 32 it out in what seemed like hundreds of office buildings.Everyone is good at something, 33 no one is good at everything. I realize that not everyone can 34 space, star in Hollywood movies or fill stadiums with fans. I also think not everyone can make a good electrician or 35 advanced computer software I know I cant. It took me hundreds of 36 emails to realize that I had to 37 finding a job where I could actually be successful. And now, I 38 have that job. All it took was several years of desperation, failure and an honest 39 of my personal value in the job market.Its not the best start, but its not 40 for a start too.21. A. meansB. agreesC. sendsD. suggests22. A. professionalB. occasionalC. adventurousD. surprising23. A. difficultB. importantC. impressiveD. interesting24. A. StrictlyB. SeriouslyC. HopefullyD. Frankly25. A. DrivingB. MakingC. OwningD. Needing26. A. holdB. rideC. catchD. run27. A. decidedB. refusedC. acceptedD. ordered28. A. graduationB. competitionC. attentionD. discussion29. A. friendlyB. goodC. terribleD. active30. A. explanationB. doubtC. problemD. surprise31. A. EventuallyB. ImmediatelyC. LuckilyD. Later32. A. figuredB. handedC. workedD. made33. A. andB. orC. butD. so34. A. go intoB. go throughC. break intoD. break through35. A. admireB. designC. haveD. reward36. A. creationB. considerationC. preventionD. rejection37. A. live onB. work onC. focus onD. depend on38. A. patientlyB. carefullyC. accidentallyD. finally39. A. amazementB. assessmentC. amusementD. argument40. A. goodB. usefulC. badD. meaningless第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。I was extremely 41 (delight) when my friend Miriam came to visit me from England. Her destination was Beijing and 42 wonderful architectural heritage of China. In preparation for her visit she 43 (attend) a series of seminars on the history of China. So having checked into the Holiday Inn, Miriam settled in and began her tour of the capital city. Day in and day out she walked around the city, rejoicing（喜悦）in 44 (it) abundant cultural sites and 45 (experience) the kindness of its people. However, having seen the Ming Tombs, she was eager to make a trip to Xian to see the terracotta warriors. 46 (original), this had been an optional trip on her schedule, but later unfortunately it 47 (cancel) for some reason. She felt it was impossible for her to visit China 48 going to see the terracotta warriors, so I helped her arrange a tour to Xian, 49 was an outstan