Reviewofunits11-15

Subject-VerbAgreement,主谓一致,Bothboystheirownhobbies.TheclassbusyingwritingEnglishpassages.NeitheryounorIwrong.,Canyoufindoutsomegrammarrules?,have,are,am,Thegroup_madeupofninestudents.,Thegroup_dancinghappily.,is,are,主谓一致,谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语一致。,语法一致,意义一致,就近一致,主谓一致,单数名词单数代词动词不定式短语谓单动名词短语从句主语为复数谓复,(一)语法一致原则1、当主语是：,Examples,Hisfatherworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellnoteasy.Whathesaidveryimportantforusall.Thechildrenintheclassroomtwohoursago.Readinginthesunbadforyoureyes.,is,is,is,is,were,Attention:若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:Thewriterandartistcome.由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,every,morethana(an),manya(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom.Noboyandnogirllikesit.,has,Thegiftisusedtohavewesternmeals.Whatisit?,aknifeandfork,Aknifeandforkusedtohavemeals.,is,3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。,1.Theteacherwithtwostudents_atthemeeting.(was/were),2.E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,_animportantpartindailycommunication.,A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.play,was,A,4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Eachofusanewbook.（have）Everythingaroundusmatter.,has,is,由each,every,no,manya所修饰的名词，即使用and连接作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。e.g.Eachmanandwoman_thesamerights.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.ishaving,注意:在口语中当neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neitherofthetextsis(are)interesting.若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.,1.Nothing_（be）difficultintheworldifyousetyourmindtoit.,is,不定代词everybodyeveryoneeverythinganyoneanybodyanythingsomeonesomebodysomethingnobodynoonenothingeachtheother等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.,2.Everythingready.(be),is,3.Someonetoseeyou.(want),wants,6、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体如:Thirtyminutesenoughforthework.3、若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:TheArabianNightsaninterestingstory-book,is,is,1、由连接词and或bothand连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:LucyandLilytwins.BothsheandheYoungPioneers.,are,are,2、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。如:ClassFouronthethirdfloor.ClassFourunabletoagreeuponamonitor.注意:people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:Thepolicelookingforthelostchild.,is,are,are,3、trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:Myglassesbroken.Thepairofshoesunderthebedhis.4、定冠词the+形容词或分词,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。,are,is,1、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:Therethebus.(come)Onthewallmanypictures.Suchtheresult.,comes,are,is,(三)就近一致原则。2、当两个主语由eitheror,neithernor,whetheror,notonlybutalso连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如:Eithertheteacherorthestudentsourfriends.Neithertheynorhewhollyright.,are,is,3、由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:Therealotofpeopleintheclassroom.Therestofthelecturewonderful.注意:anumberof许多,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;thenumberof的数量,主语是number,谓语用单数。,are,is,4、表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数。如:Oneandahalfapplesleftonthetable.5、算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。如:Twelvepluseighttwenty.,is(are),is,6.由分数或百分数或alotof,lotsof,halfof,therestof,someof,mostof,allof,(a)partof+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式与of后面的名词的数一致e.g.Lotsofdamage_(be)causedbythefire.Somestudentsareplantingtrees.Therestofthem_(be)wateringthem.Ontheearthabout75%ofthesurface_(be)coveredwithwater,was,are,is,7、一些学科名词是以-ics结尾,如:mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Thepaperworksbuiltin1990.Ithinkphysicseasytostudy.,was,isnt,8、在定语从句里,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:Heisoneofmyfriendswhowasworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.,2、therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如:Theretwochairsandadeskintheroom.Thereadeskandtwochairsintheroom.,are,is,温故知新,Exercises:,1Oneortwodays_enoughtoseethecityAisBareCamDbe2NeithermywifenorImyself_abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermindAisBareCamDbe,3NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranotherAisBareCamDbe4Nottheteacher，butthestudents_lookingforwardtoseeingth