高考英语动词分类

WelcometoourEnglishclass,动词与动词短语,1.动词：表示动作和状态的词，动词有时态、语态和语气的变化。,动词的四种基本形式：现在时（原形），过去时，过去分词和现在分词。,2.动词的种类,1）、实义动词,1.1及物动词a.动词后要求有宾语，否则意思不完整的动词。及物动词可有被动结构。ShestudiesEnglishveryhard.Ialwaysreviewmylessonsintheevening.,b.及物动词的另两种结构及物动词中有少数动词要求一个宾语（直接宾语）外，还要求有一个宾语（间接宾语），才使句意完整。这类动词有：leave,show,bring,lend,teach,give,tell,hand,write等。*IlltellyouastoryaboutLeiFeng.,S+V+O+O,还有少数动词要求一个宾语外，还要求有一个补足语来使句意完整。这类动词有：name,call,get,have,find,turn,think,consider等。TheycallhimLaoWang.,S+V+O+Oc,2)不及物动词不及物动词指不可带宾语的动词，也不可用于被动语态。Thesunrisesintheeast.Hecamelastmonth.Heworkshard.,（2）、连系动词类连系动词只起连系作用，虽有词义但不能单独作谓语，后必须加表语一起构成谓语。,gobad/hungry/mad/wrongfall(fell-fallen)ill/asleepYourdreamwillcometrueoneday.,变化类:become（成为）,get（变得）,turn（变为）,grow（变得）,come（成为，后来证实）,go（变成，进入的状态）,fall（变成）,感观类:look（看起来）,sound（听起来）,feel（觉得）,taste（尝起来）,smell（闻起来），Rosessmellsweet!Shefeltabittired.E.g.Hisvoicesounds_.A.wellB.beautifullyC.excellentD.wonderfully,C,显得类:seem,appear,lookItlooksasifItseemsasif/thatItappearsthat状态类:keep,stay,remain,lie,sit,standprove,turnoutTheweatherwill_hotforanothertwoweeks.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turnThehotweatherwill_anothertwodays.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn,B,A,Theweatherturnedout(tobe)fine.Heproved(tobe)honest/anhonestperson.注：be,become,turn,remain可带名词Heremainsateacher.=Heisstillateacher.Hebecame_teacher.A.aB.theC.anD./Heturned_teacher.A.aB.theC.anD./,A,D,3、使役、感观动词类：,let,make,have+O+Ocsee,lookat,watch,notice,observe,hearlistento,feelThebossmadethem_12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.workingTheyweremade_12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.working,A,B,Theboywaslastseen_footballontheplayground.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.playedHeoftenheardthissong_bythefamoussinger.A.singB.singingC.tosingD.sungHehadhisleg_.A.breakB.breakingC.tobreakD.broken,B,D,D,4、主动表被动类：,与easily,well等副词连用的动词sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,translate,run,read,operate,break,measure,weighDrywoodburnseasily.Theclothwasheswell.ThisphrasedoesnottranslatewellintoChinese.,Themanalwaysdresseswell/poorly.Yourcompositionreadswellexceptforafewspellingmistakes.-Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?-No,thetickets_wellandthey_outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;sold,A,Dontgetthatinkonyourwhiteshirt,forit_.A.wontwashoutB.doesntwashawayC.isntwashingoutD.hasntwashedawayTheytriedtogetthecar_,butitwont_.A.started;startB.tostart;startC.started;startedD.tostart;tostart,A,A,5、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组,mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,miss,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,dislike,excuse,imagine,consider,forbid,escapeadmit,advise,allow,putoff,giveup,beworth,bebusygetdownto,devoteto,lookforwardto,beusedto,leadto,succeedin,spend/wastetime(in)haveagood/hardtime(in)havedifficulty/trouble(in)thereisnouse(in),Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkinginIwouldappreciate_backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.yourecallingThedayhehaslookedforwardto_atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comes,D,C,B,6、只接不定式作宾语的词/词组,decide,expect,hope,wish,order,refuse,promise,pretend,agree,seem,attempt,fail,offer,happen,warn,affordmakeuponesmindto,bedeterminedtousedto,beaboutto,beableto,havetowouldlike/loveto=shouldlike/lovetoIwouldlove_tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone,B,MrSmithwarnedhisson_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdriveShepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen,A,A,7、宾语不同、意义不同,1)goontodo（做完某事）接着做另一件事goondoing继续做同一件事2)stoptodo停下来接着做另一件事stopdoing停止做某事3)remembertodo记得去做某事rememberdoing记得曾经做过某事4)forgettodo忘记去做某事forgetdoing忘记做过某事5)meantodo企图做某事meandoing意味着做某事6)regrettodo很遗憾要做某事regretdoing后悔做过某事7)trytodo努力、试图做某事trydoing尝试着做某事8)canthelp(to)do不能帮助做某事canthelpdoing情不自禁做某事,canthelpbutdo=cantbutdo=havetodoIcanthelpbuttellhimthetruth.-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing-Thelightintheofficeisstillon.-Oh,Iforgot_.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff,D,C,Hedidntremember_himbefore.A.havingmetB.havemetC.tomeetD.tohavingmetGoon_theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.A.todoB.doingC.tobedoingD.tobedone-Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.-Well,nowIregret_that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone,A,A,D,七、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大,begin,start,continue,like,love,hatepreferItbeganraining.Itisbeginningtorain.Ipreferstayinghometogoingout.Iprefertostayhomeratherthangoout.,Tiredashewas,hecontinuedtowork.=Thoughhewasverytired,hecontinuedworking.Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesntliketoplayfootballtoday.,八、宾语不同、语态不同、但意义相同,need,require,want,deserveTheroomrequirestobecleaned.=Theroomrequirescleaning.Thissentenceneeds_.A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved,C,Thebabyneeds_.A.lookedafterB.lookingafterC.lookafterD.tolookafter,B,九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同,allow,permit,forbid,advise,admitconsiderWeforbidsmokinghere.Weforbidanybodytosmokehere.Youareforbiddentosmokehere.,Weareconsidering_tothesouth.A.goB.togoC.goingD.goneCharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.tohaveinventedB.inventingC.toinventD.havinginvented,C,A,十、接虚拟语气的词,1)insist2)order,command4)advise,suggest,propose,recommend4)demand,ask,require,requestHeorderedthatwe(should)leaveatonce.Hisorderthatwe(should)leaveatoncewasright.Theorderwasthatwe(should)leaveatonce.Thatwe(should)leaveatoncewashisorder.,Heinsistedthathisbrother_there.A.goB.wentC.goingD.togoHeinsistedthathe_nothingwrongand_setfree.A.do;beB.haddone;wasC.haddone;beD.did;wasHisvoicesuggestedthathe_angry.A.isB.beC.wasD.wereHesuggestedthattheboy_senttohospitalatonce.A.wasB.beC.isD.were,A,C,C,B,十一、瞬间非延续性动词,go,come,leave,start,return,arrive,stop,finish,borrow,lend,open,close,die,become,break,join,kill,marry,graduate,buymarry-bemarriedseat-beseatedhide-behiddenengage-beengageddie-bedeadbegin-beonjoin-beinborrow-keepcome-be/stayleave-beawaybuy-have=havegot,Hediedtenyearsago,thatstosay,hehas_fortenyears.A.beendiedB.beendeadC.diedD.beendyingWhenJackarrivedhelearnedMary_foralmostanhour.A.hadgoneB.hadsetoffC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway,B,D,HeisleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Theboyissosickthatheisdyingfast.Thebusiscoming.Thetrainisleaving.Iamgoing.,十二、表计划未能实现的动词,intend,mean,hope,plan,expect,think,want,suppose,promiseIhadhopedtocomehere,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.=Ihopedtohavecomehere,.Would/should+love/liketohavedone,Hewantstomeetyouattheairport.Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidntgetthereintime.Weplannedtohavedonegooddeedsforthepoorpeoplelastmonth.Ishould(would)like(love)togiveherthegift.Ishould(would)like(love)tohavegivenherthegift.Hewouldliketohaveplayedtheviolinattheconcert.,十三、情感动词类,表示人的内在感受的动词encourage,excite,inspire,interest,amaze,satisfy,delight,please,move,frighten,surprise,astonish,shock,disappoint,discourage,puzzle,worry,tire,touch,relax,Thenewssounds_.(encourage)Theplaywasso_thatnearlyeverybodywas_totears.(move)Lookingatherpaper,shenoddedwitha_smileonherface.(satisfy)Helookedatmewitha_look.(puzzle),encouraging,moving,satisfied,moved,puzzled,十四、否定前移类,believe,imagine,suppose,think,feel,guessIdontthinkhecanfinishthework,_?A.cantheB.canheC.doID.dontIWedontbelievesheknowsit,_?A.doessheB.doesntsheC.doweD.dontweYoudontthinkhecanfinishit,_?A.doyouB.dontyouC.canheD.canthe,B,A,A,十五、不带不定式作复合宾语,hope,agree,suggest,demand,imagine,would