高二英语上学期

Unit1MakingadifferenceWarming-upyoucanonlyhelphimfinditwithinhimself.,AlfredNorthWhitehead(b.1861-d.1947),Britishmathematician(数学家),logician(逻辑学家)andphilosopher(哲学家)bestknownforhisworkinmathematicallogic(数理逻辑)andthephilosophyofscience.Hecontributedsignificantlytotwentieth-centurylogicandmetaphysics(宇宙哲学).,AlfredNorthWhitehead,Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Attwentyyearsofage,thewillreigns;atthirty,thewit;andatforty,hejudgment.Knowledgeispower.Youhavetobelieveinyourself.Thatsthesecretofsuccess.Geniusonlymeanshardworkingalloneslife.Sciencerequirestheeffortofalifetimeandevenifyouhadtwolivestogive,itwouldstillnotbeenough.,ThomasEdison,AmericaninventorCharlesChaplin,AmericanactorMendeleyerRussianChemist(俄国化学家门捷列耶夫)P.B.ShelleyBritishpoetFrancisBaconBritishphilosopherIvanPavlovBenjaminFranklinAmericanpresident,ListeningP2,GreatmindNo1:Thisgreatmindwasonfirefor_.ThescientistsnameissimilartotheEnglishwordcurious,meaning_.GreatmindNo2:Thisgreatmindwasonfirefor_.ThescientistsnameissimilartotheEnglishwordfor_.GreatmindNo3:1.Thismanisknownfor_.2.Hewantstobecalledthe_.Why?,radioactivity,beinginterestedinsomething,gravity,somethingnotold,lookingforwaystogrowmorerice,farmer,Thiswomanisoneofthe_ofalltimes._hernametellsyouthatshelikesscience.Agoodscientistshouldwanttofindoutanswersandaskmanyquestions._,theyshouldbe_.Thiswomanwas_curious.Togetherwithherhusband,shetrytolearnthe_ofradioactivity.Thecouplewere_theNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903.Eightyearslater,shereceivedthesecondNobelPrize.Thistimefor_.,MadameCurie,greatestscientists,Eevn,Inotherwords,curious,certainly,secret,awarded,Chemistry,_thatthisEnglishgentlemanwassittinginthisgardenoneday_suddenlyhewashitbyafallingapple.Thestoryis_nottrue.Butthismandid_thathegotoneofhis_ideaswhilewatchingapplesfallfromatree.Hisnamemakesyouthinkthathewasnotinterestedinoldthings.Hediscovered_gravity,andhe_asystemofhowobjectsmove.Hislawfor_arestillusedinphysicstoday,_inschoolsanduniversities.,Itissaid,when,probably,mention,best-known,theforceof,drew,up,motion,atleast,SirIsaacNewton,YuanLongping,Foodiswhat_thisgreatmind_.Rice,_.Thisgreatmindhasspentmostofhislifelookingforwaystohelpfarmersgrowmorericesothatallofuswillhaveenoughfoodtoeat.Heisknownasthefatherofmodernrice,butbecauseofhislong_withallthefarmersinChina,he_beknownas“thefarmer”.,sets,onfire,tobeexact,friendship,wouldrather,ListeningP81,Part1.Aspidercanmake_thatismuch_thanmostman-madematerials.2.Aspiders_doesnt_easily.3.Bestofall,thespiderproducesthe_withouttheuseof_or_chemicals.4.Ifwecouldlearntousethetechnique,wemightbeabletousethestrongsilktomakethingslike_andwiresthatholdupbridges.,silk,stronger,silk,break,silk,dangerous,poisonous,seatbelts,Scientistsoftenlookatnatureinordertofindnewideas.Inancienttimes,Chinesescientistsstudiedhowspidersmakesilk.Modernscientistsareinterestedinthespider,too.Aspidercanmakesilkthatismuchstrongerthanmostman-madematerials.Aspiderssilkdoesntbreakeasily.Insteadofbreaking,itgetslonger.Bestofallthespiderproducesthesilkwithouttheuseofdangerousorpoisonouschemicals.Ifwecouldlearntousethetechnique,wemightbeabletousethestrongsilktomakethingslikeseatbeltandwiresthatholdupbridge.,Part1,Part2.,ItcanMakestrongsilkwithoutusingdangerousorpoisonouschemicals,Useitmakebetterseatbeltsandstrongerwirestoholdupbridges,Itkeepsitsleavescleanusingtinyhairsandneedles,Usethesametechnologytomakepaintthewouldstayclean,Itusesitmakebetterseatbeltsandstrongerwirestoholdupbridges,Usethesamemethodtokeepcomputerscools,Therearemanyotherexamplesofhownewtechnologyhasbeendevelopedbylearningfromnature.AgroupofGermanscientistswantedtofindoutwhyleavesandflowersareabletostaysoclean.Theydecidedtotakeacloserlookatthewhitelotus,aflowerthatisknownforitscleanleaves.Atfirst,thescientistsbelievedthataveryflatleavewouldbebetteratstayingclean.However,whentheylookedcloselyatthewhitelotus,thescientistssawthattheleafwasinfactcoveredwithtinyhairsandneedles.Theneedlesandhairscollectthedustthatfallsontheleafsothataraindropcaneasilywashitoff.TheGermanscientistsusedthistechniquetodesignanewkindofpaint.Thenewpaintcouldkeephouseslookingcleanforyears.,whitelotus,Scientistalsobelievethatthebutterflycouldteachusawaytokeepourcomputerscool.Acomputermustbekeptcooltofunctionwell.Thefansweusetodayarenotalwaysgoodenough.Thebutterflyiscold-bloodedandmustchangeitsbodytemperatureallthetime.Scientistshavefoundthattherearesmallpartsonitswingswhatthebutterflyusestochangeitstemperature.Ifscientistscanlearnhowthisisdone,itmaybepossibletousethesamemethodtokeepcomputersfrombecomingtoohot.,Butterfly,Branchesofscience,Biology,Mathematics,Chemistry,Physics,Computerscience,Astronomy,Whichbranchofscienceisthemostimportantandusefultosociety?,Ithinkthat_isthemostimportantandusefulsciencebecause_.,Geography,Pre-reading&Reading&Postreading,HowdidHawkingfacethesituation,Discussion,Trueorfalse,Hawkingcantexpresshimselfinwordswithoutthehelpofacomputer.2.ItisHawkingwhodiscoveredblackholesonhisown.3.Hawkingsbest-sellerABriefHistoryofTimeexplainsdifficulttheoryinasimpleway.4.Inscientificfield,thebesttheorycantturnouttobewrong.5.Inscientificresearchtheobservationisveryimportant.6.Allthetheoriescanbetestedbyexperiments.7.SometimesitisnotapieceofcaketounderstandHawkingslecture.,TFTFT,FT,becamefamousWroteabook-ABriefHistoryofTimevisitedChinaandgavelecturesinBeijingandHangzhou,How?,How?,ABriefHistoryofTime,ABriefHistoryofTime,ABriefHistoryofTime,ABriefHistoryofTime,WriteaboutitinasimplewayBothwhatitmeanstobeascientistandhowscienceworks,AccordingtoHawking,howdopeoplemisunderstandscience?Peopleoftenthinkthatscienceisabout“true”factsorrulesthatneverchange.AccordingtoHawking,scienceisalwayschangingandmanytheoriesareeventuallyprovenwrong.,CarefullyobservewhatyouareinterestedinBuildatheoryabouthowthingshappenTestthetheorytoseeifitmatcheswhattheyhaveseenandifitcanpredictfutureevents,Basicstepsofthescientificmethod,IsitdifficultforpeopletounderstandHawkingslectures?Why?WhatisitthatHawkingdoesnotlikeabouthisspeechcomputer?,Sometimes.Becausehisthoughtsandideasoftenseemaslargeastheuniverseheistryingtodescribe.ThespeechcomputergiveshimanAmericanaccent.,Discussion,Whatdoesthetitlemean?,NoBoundaries,Thereisnolimitationoflearninganddetermination.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoachieveit.（人生之要事在于确立伟大的目标与实现这目标的决心。）,壮心无崖,Makingadifference,FrancisBacon,Knowledgeispower.,Integratingskills,I