大学英语级图表类写作PPT课件

.,1,大学英语四级图表作文,图表作文,表作文,图作文,.,2,1.表作文（table)：2.图作文可分为3种：piechart:饼图/圆形图barchart/graph:直方图/柱形图/条形图linechart/graph/curvediagram:曲线图,.,3,table,.,4,Bargraph,.,5,Piechart,.,6,Linegraph,.,7,Linegraph,.,8,谋篇方法,1.先描写数据变化2.再分析变化背后的原因3.最后是笔者的个人看法，预测未来的发展趋势或提出解决问题的方法。,.,9,如何写好图表作文,1.对比分析，寻找数据的变化规律举例（1991.6）ChangesinPeoplesDietDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan100wordsonChangesinPeoplesDiet.Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinformationgiveninthetable.Writethreeparagraphsto:,.,10,table,.,11,1.Statethechangesinpeoplesdiet(饮食）inthepastfiveyears;2.givenpossiblereasonsforchanges.3.drawyourownconclusions.4.youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.,.,12,通过横向、纵向对比分析，不难发现grain的消费量逐年下降，5年间减少了4%，而milk的消费却逐年增加，meat的消费也逐年增加。纵向看，milk和meat变化趋势相同，占总消费量的比例在增大，而grain的比例变化正相反，从而归纳出一个总的变化规律：grain的消费量在减少，而milk和meat的消费量在增加。,.,13,Fromthetablewecanseethatduringthepastfiveyearstherehavebeengreatchangesinpeoplesdiet.Thegreatestchangeoccursingrainconsumption,whichhasdropped4%from49%in1986to45%in1990intotalfoodconsumption.(continue),.,14,Thesecondgreatestchangeisinmilkconsumption,whichincreased3%from10%in1986to13%in1990,butontheotherhand,twotrendscanbeobservedintheconsumptionofmeatandfruitandvegetables.From1986to1989,meatconsumptionincreasedfrom17%to23%,whilethatoffruitandvegetablesdroppedfrom24%to20%.From1989to1990,meatconsumptiondroppedalittleto21%,whilethatoffruitandvegetablesincreasedalittleto21%.,.,15,Whathascausedthegreatchangesinpeoplesdiet?Themainreason,Ithink,liesintheimprovementinpeoplesincomelevel.Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,peoplearebecomingricherandricher,whichenablesthemtopurchasemorenutritiousfoodsuchasmeatandmilk.Inthemeantime,grainconsumptioninpeoplesdietconsequentlydropped.,.,16,Sofromtheanalysis,wecandrawaconclusionthatoursocietyisprogressingandpeoplearelivingabettlerlifethaneverbefore.Wearenowabletopurchasemoredeliciousandnutritiousfood,resultinginanimprovementinourhealth.,.,17,e.g.2,20181614121086420,199019952000,.,18,2002.6StudentUseofComputersDirections:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:StudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间：1990年（2hours）,1995年(4hours),2000(20hours),请描述变化：请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难和问题。,.,19,分析：此柱形图表明，随着时间的推移，大学生越来越多地使用电脑。,.,20,Studentstendtousecomputersmoreandmorenowadays.Readingthischart,wecanfindthattheaveragenumberofhoursastudentspendsonthecomputerperweekhasincreasedsharply.In1990,itwaslessthan2hours;andin1995,itincreasedtoalmost4hours;whilein2000,thenumbersoaredto20hours.,.,21,Obviously,computersarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.First,computersfacilitateusinmoreaspectsoflife.Also,thefastdevelopmentoftheInternetenlargesourdemandsforusingcomputers.WecaneasilycontactwithfriendsinremoteplacesthroughtheInternet.Besides,thepricesofcomputersaregettinglowerandlower,whichenablesmorestudentstopurchasethem.,.,22,Alongwiththetimespentoncomputers,therearisesomeproblems.ThemostseriousoneisthatmanystudentsarespendingsomuchtimeplayingPCgamessothattheyignoretheirstudies.Itisurgenttoletthestudentsusecomputersinaproperway.,.,23,2.筛选数据，切忌一一列出！挑选有说服力的数据，主要是首尾两端的数字或其增减值。以表1为例：Thepercentageofgrainconsumptiondecreasedgradually,from49%in1986to45%in1990.-简明扼要。,.,24,又如：milk和meat的变化，都说明了同一观点：人们的经济收入增加了，生活水平提高了，能够消费得起价格较高的肉奶食品。这样，描述milk的变化后，就不必要重复meat的变化。简单一句：”Thesameisthecasewithmeat.”即可。或者直接计算出增加值或减少值，如：”Theamountofgraininpeoplesdiethasdecreasedby4%.However,theamountofmilkhasincreased3%andthatofmeathasincreased4%.,.,25,3.强调数据间的关系，突出变化发现数据的变化规律，引用了典型数据，还须进一步强调突出这种变化，使论证更为有力。以“studentUseofComputers”为例，有学生写到：Butin2000,studentsspendnearly20hoursperweekonthecomputer.Thisnumberwastentimesthatof1990andfivetimesthatof1995.利用倍数强调突出，给评卷老师留下深刻印象。,.,26,4.使用主题句通常第一段的topicsentence说明发生了某种变化。例如：Greatchangeshavebeentakingplacein(e.g.peoplesdiet,studentuseofcomputers)from1995to2000.Inrecentyears,thetimestudentsusingcomputershasincreasedgreatly.,.,27,第二段topicsentence:分析变化原因Therearemanyfactorsthathavestimulatedthishugechange.Suchchangesaremainlycausedbytworeasons.第三段总结Inshort,withtheimprovementofpeopleslivingstandards,changesintheirdietwillbegreaterandmoreobvious.Thereissuretobealotofprobleminstudentuseofcomputer,however,.,28,2012.12writing,.,29,EducationPaysNumerousindividualsarequestioningtheworthofhighereducationasthejobmarketisdepressed,yetthechartofWeeklyearningsin2010revealsaforcefulcounter-evidencethattheincomeisindirectproportiontooneseducationalbackground.Thosewithadoctoraldegreeearnnearly3.5timesasmuchasthosewithlessthanahighschooldiploma.,.,30,Asanincreasingnumberofgraduatesfinditdifficulttogetasatisfactoryjobafterstudyingformanyyears,ahotdebatearisesonwhethereducationpays.Supportersofhighereducationinsistthateducationisthetickettoasteadierandbetter-payingjobandthebasisofacomfortablelife.However,theopponentsassumethattheywouldnotstaketheirmoneyonsuchariskyinvestmentwhichdoesnotguaranteeapromisingcareer.,.,31,AsfarasIamconcerned,weshouldnotstopeatingforfearofchoking.Abettereducationinmostcases,notonlymeansabetterjob,ahighersalaryandalowerunemploymentrate,butapavingstonetotheintegratedimprovementofoneself.Inabroadsense,itiseducationthatcontributestothedevelopmentandadvancementofthewholenation,whichinturnbenefitseveryindividual.Inconclusion,educationisaworthyinvestment.,.,32,2、常用的描述用法Thetable/chart/diagram/graphshows/reveals（that）Accordingtothetable/chartdiagram/graphAs（is）showninthetable/chartdiagram/graphAscanbeseenfromthetable/chart/diagram/graph/figures，Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsWecanseefromthefigures/statisticsItisclear/apparentfromthefigures/statistics,.,33,3、图表中的数据具体表达法在某一个时间段固定不变：fixedintime在一系列的时间段中转变：changesovertime持续变化的data在不同情况下：增加：increase/raise/rise/goup减少：decrease/growdown/drop/fall波动:rebound/wave稳定：remainstable,.,34,二、相关常用词组1、主章开头图表类型：table、chart、diagramgraph、columnchart、piegraph描述：show、describe、illustrate、canbeseenfrom、clear、apparent、reveal、represent内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion,.,35,2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的,.,36,steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的,.,37,3、其它在描述中的常用到的词significantchanges图中一些较大变化noticeabletrend明显趋势duringthesameperiod在同一时期unequally不相等地inthecaseof在的情况下intermsof/inrespectof/regarding在方面incontrast相反，大不相同,.,38,Fromthegraph,wecanseethatthenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncityfluctuatedduringtheyearof2007.Thefirsttwomonthsof2007showedanincreasingtrend.Therateroseto32inMarchbutfellto26inJune.FromJuneon,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.AfterAugusttheratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeven