高一英语表语从句讲解

什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,名词性从句nounclause,主语从句subjectclause,宾语从句objectclause,表语从句predicativeclause,同位语从句appositiveclause,Hisstoryisinteresting.Whathesaidisinteresting.Iheardhisstory.Iheardwhathesaid.Ilistentohisstory.Ilistentowhathesaid.Thisishisstory.Thisiswhathesaid.Theideaofgoingthereisgood.Theideathatweshouldgothereisgood.,名词性从句中的连接词连词:that/whether/asif(though);连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词:where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever,引导词,句型转换1.Theyaregooddoctors.Hetoldus.2.Hehadntsaidanythingatthemeeting.Thefactsurprisedus.,Hetoldusthattheyweregooddoctors.,Thefactthathehadntsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedus.,总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用that引导。,3.Doesyoursistergetupearly?Doyouknow?4.Doanimalshavethesamesensesashumans?Ioftenwonder.,Doyouknowif/whetheryoursistergetsupearly?,Ioftenwonderif/whetheranimalshavethesamesensesashumans.,总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。,5.Whendidhebuythisnewbike?Couldyoutellme?6.Myquestionisthis:wherewillthelecturebegiven?,Couldyoutellmewhenheboughtthisnewbike?,Myquestioniswherethelecturewillbegiven.,总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。,总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。所有名词性从句要有且仅有一个引导词，除宾语从句的that外其他均不能省略。其结构为引导词+陈述语序,PredicativeClauses表语从句,表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。,连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/because,1.Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.2.Thatsbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.3.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.4.ThatswhyIwaslate.,引导词的用法（一）,that在表语从句中,又。Thefactisthathehasntyetrecoverfromillness.Thereasonwhyhehastogoisthathismotherisillinbed.,既不充当成分没有意义,whether在表语从句中表,但不充当句子的成分。if引导表语从句.如:1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.,“是否”,不能,引导词的用法（二）,what在表语从句中充当_表示_.1.Thequestioniswhatcausedtheaccident.2.Thatmountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.3.Whathetoldyouwaswhathadbeendiscussedatthemeeting.,主语、宾语或表语,什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）,引导词的用法（三）,who在表语从句中充当_表示_.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework2.Mytroubleiswho(whom)Icanturnto.,主语、宾语或表语,谁,引导词的用法（四）,which在引导表语从句时,常充当_表示。如：Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdontknowiswhich(book)itis.,定语,表语,其中哪一个,引导词的用法（五）,由asif,asthough引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用look,appear,seem等。Itlooksasifitwasdoingtorain.2.Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhewereagirl.,引导词的用法（六）,当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_,而不能由_引导;because引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中.1.ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatImissedthetrain.2.Iwaslate.It/That/ThiswasbecauseImissedthetrain.,that来引导,because,It/That/Thisis/wasbecause,引导词的用法（七）,当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why,when,where,how等Thisishowhedidit.Thatiswhythebrotherswantedtomakeabet.Thatswhywevegivenyoutheletter.,引导词的用法（八）,表语从句引导词注意事项,1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。4.除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分,1.Thats_thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis_theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger_shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when,名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句,主语名词常常是表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：ide