多速异步电动机的控制线路

课题七多速异步电动机的控制线路,三相异步电动机的转速公式可知，改变异步电动机转速可通过三种方法来实现：一是改变电源频率f1；二是改变转差率s；三是改变磁极对数p。改变异步电动机的磁极对数调速称为变极调速。变极调速是通过改变定子绕组的连接方式来实现的，它是有级调速，且只适用于笼型异步电动机。,U1,U2,V2,W1,W2,W2,L1L2L3,U2V2W2,U1V1W1,V2,V1,U2,L1L2L3,U1V1W1,U2V2W2,U1,V1,W1,1.双速异步电动机定子绕组的连接,一、双速异步电动机的控制线路,L1L2L3,KH,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KH,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,低速,高速YY,2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,FU1,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM3KM2,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,合上QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电,KM2,QS,FU2,KM1,KM3,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,FU1,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM3KM2,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KM1触头动作电动机联接,低速启动,KM2,QS,FU2,KM1,KM3,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,FU1,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM3KM2,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,按下SB2KM1线圈失电KM2,KM3线圈得电联接,低速启动,KM2,QS,FU2,KM1,KM3,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,FU1,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM3KM2,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KM2,KM3触头动作电动机YY联接,电动机高速运行,KM2,QS,FU2,KM1,KM3,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机,低速,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,FU1,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM3KM2,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,松开SB2电动机继续高速运行,KM2,QS,FU2,KM1,KM3,高速YY,KH,KH,2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,KH,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,低速,高速YY,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,KT,KM1,KT,KT,KT,电路组成分析,KH,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KT,KM1,合上QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电,KT,KT,KT,低速起动低速运行,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KT,KM1,KM1触头动作电动机三角形联接低速起动松开SB1继续低速运行,KT,KT,KT,低速起动低速运行,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KT,KM1,KT,KT,KT,停:按下SB3或过载,低速起动低速运行,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KT,KM1,按下SB2KM1线圈得电KT线圈得电,KT,KT,KT,低速起动高速运行,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KT,KM1,KM1，KT各触头动作电动机低速起动松开SB2,KT,KT,KT,低速起动高速运行,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KT,KM1,经KT整定时间KT延时触头动作,KM1线圈断电KM2,KM3线圈得电动作电动机高速运行,KT,KT,KT,低速起动高速运行,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,L1L2L3,SB1,KM1,KM2,SB2,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KM3,SB3,KM3KM2,KM1,KM3,U1,V1,W1,U2,V2,W2,KT,KM1,KT,KT,KT,停:按下SB3或过载,低速起动高速运行,低速,高速YY,KH,KH,3.时间继电器控制双速电动机,三速电动机定子绕组接线图,中速Y接法高速YY接法,二、三速异步电动机的控制线路,三速电动机的两套定子绕组,低速接法,1.接触器控制三速电动机的控制线路形低速Y形中速YY形高速,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KH,KH,电路组成分析,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,合上电源开关QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电电动机接成低速启动,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,松开SB1电动机继续低速启动,运行,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,先按SB4KM1线圈失电电动机断电再按SB2KM2线圈得电电动机Y联接,中速运行,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,松开SB2电动机Y联接,继续中速运行,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,先按SB4KM2线圈失电电动机断电再按SB3KM3,KM4线圈得电电动机YY联接,高速运行,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KM2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,先按SB4KM2线圈失电电动机断电再按SB3KM3,KM4线圈得电电动机YY联接,高速运行,KH,KH,2.时间继电器自动控制三速电动机的控制线路形低速启动,运行,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KH,KH,电路组成分析,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,低速启动运转:按下SB1KM1线圈得电,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,低速启动运转:松开SB1电动机继续低速运行,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,KH,KH,3.时间继电器自动控制三速电动机的控制线路形低速启动Y形中速运转,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KH,KH,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,形低速启动Y形中速运转:合上QS,按下SB2KT1线圈得电,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,形低速启动Y形中速运转:时间继电器瞬时闭合触头闭合KM1线圈得电,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,形低速启动运转Y形中速运转:KM1触头动作电动机低速启动松开SB2,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,形低速启动运转Y形中速运转:经KT1整定时间KT1延时断开触头分断,KM1线圈失电KT1延时闭合触头闭合,KM2线圈得电,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,形低速启动运转Y形中速运转:KM2触头动作电动机Y形联接,中速运行,KH,KH,形低速启动Y形中速运转过渡YY形高速运转,4.时间继电器自动控制三速异步电动机的控制线路,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,按下SB3KT2线圈得电,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,KT2瞬时闭合触头闭合KT1线圈得电,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,KT1瞬时闭合触头闭合KM1线圈得电,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,KM1触头动作形低速启动松开SB3,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM2,KM3,KM4,KT1,KT2,KT1,KT1,KM2,KM3,KM2,KM3,KT2,KT1,KT2,经KT1整定时间KT1延时断开触头分断,KM1线圈失电KT1延时闭合触头闭合,KM2线圈得电,KH,KH,L1L2L3,KM1,QS,FU1,FU2,KM2,KM1,低速,Y中速YY高速,KM3,KM3,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1,KM2,SB4,KM1,KT2,SB2,SB3,SB1,U3,W1,V1,U1,V2,V4,U4,U2,W2,W4,KM4,KM4,KM4,KM