2014年中考英语形容词副词总复习

2014年中考英语形容词与副词,I.形容词(adj.)的功能及位置Suzhouisanattractivecity.Whengoingsightseeing,youcanalwaysfindsomethingbeautifulthere.Thenewscarflooksbeautifulandfeelssoft.Thereisasmallyellowwoodendeskintheroom.Summary:1.形容词用来修饰_,在句中常用作_,_和_.感官动词用作“系动词”时，其后用_做表语。2.形容词做定语修饰名词时，通常放在名词的_,修饰不定代词时则要放在不定代词的_.,3.两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，其顺序规律为限(县)、官、形(行)、龄(令)、色（各）、国、材（采）、用。“限”为限定词(冠词，代词，数词等)“官”(感官形容词或一般描绘性形容词，如：beautiful、nice)“形”(形状，大小)，“龄”(新旧，年龄)，“色”(颜色)，“国”(国籍)，“材”(材料)。“用”用途asmallroundtableatallgraybuildingadirtyoldbrownshirtafamousGermanmedicalschoolanexpensiveJapanesesportscar,.副词(adv.)的功能及位置Thisisaneasyquestion,soIthinkeverystudentcanworkitouteasily.WhatIsaidmademyfatherreallyangry,andheletmeout!Jackworksreallyhard.Healwayslistenstotheteachercarefullyinclass.Sometimeswhenhemeetsproblems,hegoestotheteacherforhelp.Thatswhyhealwayscomestopintheexam!1.副词用来修饰_,_或整个句子。2.副词按其意思和作用不同可分为时间副词，地点副词，方式副词，程度副词，频度副词,连接副词，关系副词等，多在句中做_。3.副词也可做表语和宾语补足语。,4.副词在句中的位置比较灵活，特别注意以下几点：副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，要放在被修饰词前面，但enough例外。Theboyisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.频度副词通常放在be之后，do之前，两动词之间。Ihaveneverbeenavolunteerbefore.地点状语通常放在时间状语之前。HetookpartinthecompetitioninPolandin2003.疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词通常放在句子或从句的前面。CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestbank?,形容词和副词的级别,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级比较级最高级,请你观察：形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律longlongerlongestnicenicernicestbigbiggerbiggestearlyearlierearliestinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingcarefullymorecarefullymostcarefullyfriendlymorefriendlymostfriendlyfriendlierfriendliestgoodbetterbestmany/muchmoremost,原级,比较级,最高级,请你总结：形容词和副词比较等级构成的规律一.规则变化：1.单音节和部分双音节词,在词尾直接加-er,-est2.以字母e结尾的,加-r,-st3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写此字母,再加-er,est4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，把y变成i，再加-er,est5.多音节词和大部分双音节词,在词的前面加more或most6.有些双音节词既可用more,most形式，又可用-er,-est形式,二.不规则变化,需特别注意的形容词或副词的比较级和最高级变化nearclearthinhotfunnyhappyhealthylivelyquietclever,nearernearest,thinnerthinnest,hotterhottest,funnierfunniest,happierhappiest,clearerclearest,healthierhealthiest,livelierliveliest,cleverercleverestmoreclevermostclever,quieterquietest,温馨提示：类似slowly,quickly这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅音字母加y结尾，但这里的-ly是表示副词的后缀，因此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加more和most。2.英语中有一类表语形容词，它指的是那些只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词主要有以下两类：某些以a-开头的形容词afraid害怕的alive活着的alone单独的asleep睡着的awake醒着的alike相似的若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他形容词：误：anasleepchild，anashamedgirl，analivepoet正：asleepingchild，ashygirl，alivingpoet某些表示健康的形容词fine健康的ill有病的well身体健康的,形容词和副词原级的用法：,2.as+原级+as“和一样”,Youareastallasme.=YouareastallasI(am).HehasasmanybooksasI(have).Thiscomputerrunsasfastasthatone.,3.notas(so)+原级+as“不如/没有”,Thisjacketisnotas(so)cheapasthatone.Shehasnotas(so)manybooksasIhave.Henrydoesntstudyas(so)hardashiselderbrother.,注：as在这里既可作介词又可作连词。作介词时，后接人称代词的宾格。作连词时，后接一个省略的比较状语从句。,用来直接描述人物或动作。Johnisatallboy.Rabbitsrunfast.Ourcountryisbeautifulandstrong.,形容词和副词比较级的用法：,1.比较级+than“比更”,Youaretallerthanme.=YouaretallerthanI(am).Idontthinkhiswritingismorebeautifulthanyours.,3.比较级+and+比较级“越来越”,Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Ourschoolisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful.,4.the+比较级,the+比较级“越,越”,Themoreexerciseyoudo,thehealthieryouwillbecome.,2.比较级(特殊疑问句)，or?“哪个更?”,Whichislonger,thisoneorthatone?,5.可修饰比较级的副词有：much,alot,far,alittle,abit,even,still,any等,6.the+比较级可表达一个名词的概念：两者中较的一个,形容词和副词最高级的用法：,the+最高级+(名词)+表示范围的短语或从句“是最”,Bobisthetallestboyinourschool.HeisthekindestmanthatIhaveevermet.LiTaojumps(the)farthestofall.Sheisthemostcarefulstudentofusthree.,4.oneofthe+最高级(形)+名词(复)+表示范围的短语“是当中最之一”,ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.,注:形容词最高级前一般要加the,副词最高级前可加可不加,3.最高级(特殊疑问句)，or?“哪个更?”,Whoistheyoungest,Jim,TomorJenny?,2.thesecond(third)+最高级+(名词)+表示范围的短语“是第二(三)”,TheChongmingIslandisthethirdbiggestislandinChina.,原级、比较级、最高级之间可以相互转换：他是班里最高的。,Correctthemistakes:Maryshairislongerthanmysister.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthaninShanghai.Theapplesinthisbasketarebetterthantheminthatbasket.TheChangjiangRiverislongerthananyriverinChina.ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinEurope.HisolderbrotheriselderthanI.Ourcountryisgettingmorebeautifulandmorebeautiful.Thisclassroomisthreetimesasbiggerasthatone.Whoistalleststudentinourschool?Whichdoyoulikebetter,apples,bananasorpears?,_,mysisters,_,that,_,those,_,anyother,_,any,_,elder,_,older,_,moreandmore,_,big,_,thetallest,_,(the)best,Correctthemistakes:11.Thisboxismoreheavierthanthatone.12.Tomistheyoungestinthethree.13.Heistallerofthetwo.14.Todayisourthebusiestday.15.IthinkmathisverymoredifficultthanChinese.16.Therearemuchmorepeopleinthestreetthanusual.17.MikeissotallasJack.18.LiYingjumpedfartherthanJimjumped.19.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongerriverinChina.20.Wemustgetfartherinformation.,_,heavier,_,of,_,thetaller,_,our,_,much,_,many,_,as,_,(did),_,longest,_,further,用括号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空:Thishorseisvery_(strong),butthathorseismuch_(strong)thanthisone.Itssolate,soIdrivethecar_(slowly)thanusual.3.Hewent_(far)thantheotherexplorers.4.The_(little)youeat,the_(thin)youare.5.TheBeijingLibraryisoneof_(big)librariesinChina.6.Thestreetisas_(long)asthatone,butitis_(wide)thanthatone.7.Hisdrawingisntso_(good)asyours.8.Whenapieceoficeistakenintoawarmroom,itbecomes_(small)and_(small).9.Thispianois_(expensive)thantheothertwo.Itis_(expensive)ofthethree.10.Whichis_(difficult),English,physicsorbiology?,strong,stronger,less,farther/further,long,smaller,moreexpensive,themostdifficult,moreslowly,good,thebiggest,wider,smaller,themostexpensive,thinner,合并句子，每空一词：Lucyis8yearsold.Lilyis8yearsold,too.Lucyis_Lily.2.Dannyis15.Jennyis12.Jennyis_thanDanny.3.Jimjumps2metreshigh.Tomjumps3metreshigh.Tomjumps_Jim.4.Jennyjumpsfar.BrainjumpsfartherthanJenny.DannyjumpsfartherthanBrain.Dannyjumps_thethree.5.Acarruns150kilometresperhour.Abikeruns50kilometresperhour.Acarruns_asabike.Acarruns_thanabike,higherthan,farthestof,threetimesasfast,asolderas,faster,twice,threeyearsyounger,同义句转换，每空一词：1.Mikeisnotso/astallasJack.Jackis_Mike.2.Heistheyoungestinhisclass.Heisyoungerthan_inhisclass.Heisyoungerthan_inhisclass.3.Thecheetahisfasterthananyotheranimalintheworld.Thecheetahis_animalintheworld.(同上)The_fastestanimalisthecheetah.4.JapaneseislessusefulthanChinese.Japanese_as/souseful_Chinese.5.Iamasdiligentasher.Iamasdiligentas_.6.LiYingjumpedfarth