中国药科大学中药学专业英语课件--丹参

丹参,RadixSalviaeMiltiorrhizae,2,MainContents,OriginsPlantMorphologyCollectionandPreparationProductionandCommerceDescriptionMicroscopicalCharactersChemicalConstituentsPhysicalandChemicalIdentificationHighPerformanceLiquidChromatography,3,PlantMorphology,Aperennialherb,denselypubescentandglandularhairythroughout.Rootcylindrical,vermillion.Stem4-angled,branchedattheupperpart.Leavesopposite,pinnatelycompound;leaflets57,ovateorelliptical-ovate,serratealongthemargin,pubescentonbothsurfaces.,vermillion：朱红色angled：棱serrate：锯齿状的,4,Flowersinterminaloraxillaryverticillatepseudo-racemes;calyxbell-shaped;corollabluish-purple.Theupperliperect,slightlyfalcate,retuseatapex,thelowershorter,3-lobed,themiddlelobelarger,2-cleft;stamens2,filamentsshort,connectiveslong,theupperendoftheconnectivebearingafertileanther-cell,thelowerendwithanimperfectone;ovarydeeply4-lobed,stylegynobasic.Nutlets4,ellipsoid.,verticillate：轮生angled：棱pseudo-：假的retuse:凹形falcate:钩状的filament:花丝gynobasic：花柱,5,Description,Rootcylindricalorconical,usuallycurved,branched,1030cmlong,0.31.5cmindiameter.Externallybrick-red,brownish-redorpurplish-brown,rough,longitudinallyfurrowedorwrinkled,thebarkofoldrootsmostlyscalingoff,sometimescrownedwithremainsofstembase.Texturehardandfragile,fracturefibrous,barkdarkreddish-browntopurplish-brown,woodshowingbundlesofvessels,yellowish-white,arrangedradially.Odour,slight;tasteslightlyastringent.,6,Transversesection,Corkconsistingofseverallayersofcells,mostlycontainingorangeorpurplish-browncontents.Phellodermnarrow.Phloemrelativelybroad.Cambiumringdistinct.Xylembundlesradial,consistingofvessels,xylemfibresandxylemparenchyma.Xylemfibresoftenaccompaniedbyvessels.Stonecellsscatteredinphellodermandphloem.,cortex:表皮phelloderm:栓内层,7,Reddish-brown.Stonecellsoccurringsinglyandscatteredthroughout,subrounded,subrectangular,subfusiformorirregular,upto257mlong,2065mindiameter,someofthemcontainingbrowncontents.Reticulatedandborderedpittedvessels,andbundlesofxylemfibresfrequent.Corkcellsyellowish-brown,subsquareorpolygonalinsurfaceview,containingreddish-brownpigments,dissolvedonmountinginchloralhydratesolution.,Powder,surfaceview:表面观mount:做标本chloralhydrate:水合氯醛,8,Tanshinone,tanshinoneA,tashinoneB,cryptotanshinone,dihydroisotanshinone,hydroxytanshinone,isotanshinone,iso-cryptotanshinone,miltirone,salviol,etc.【化学成分】丹参酮，丹参酮A，丹参酮B，隐丹参酮，二氢丹参酮，羟基丹参酮，异丹参酮、，异隐丹参酮，丹参新酮，鼠尾草酚，等。,ChemicalConstituents,9,（1）Boil5gofthepowderin50mlofwaterfor1520minutes,coolandfilter.Concentratethefiltrateonawaterbath,dissolvetheextractin35mlofethanol,filter.Applyseveraldropsofthefiltratetoapieceoffilterpaper,allowittodryandexamineunderultra-violetlight(365nm),abrightbluish-greyfluorescenceisproduced.Exposethefilterpapertoammoniavapourfor20minutes,removethefilterpaperandexamineagainunderultra-violetlight(365nm),apalebluish-greenfluorescenceisproduced.,PhysicalandchemicalIdentification,10,【理化鉴定】,（1）置5g粉末于50ml水中煎煮1520分钟，冷却后过滤.在水浴中浓缩滤液，用35ml乙醇溶解浓缩产物，过滤。将滤液在滤纸上点一些斑点，斑点挥干后在365nm波长紫外光下观察，可看到明亮蓝灰色荧光。将滤纸置于氨气中20分钟后，在365nm波长紫外光下观察，可见淡蓝绿色荧光。,11,（2）To0.5mlofthefiltrateobtainedfromIdentification(1),add12dropsofferricchlorideTS:adullgreencolorisproduced.,ferricchloride:三氯化铁TS：testsolutiondull:暗的pale:浅的，淡的,（2）从（1）的滤液中移取0.5ml，加12滴氯化铁TS：可见滤液变为暗绿色。,12,(3)To1gofthepowderadd5mlofether,shakeinastopperedtesttubeandstandfor1hourandfilter.Evaporatethefiltratetodryness.Dissolvetheresiduein1mlofethylacetateasthetestsolution.PrepareasolutionofRadixSalviaeMiltiorrhizaereferencedruginthesamemanner,usedasthereferencedrugsolution.DissolveTanshinoneACRSinethylacetatetoproduceasolutionof2mgpermlasthereferencesolution.Carryoutthemethodforthinlayerchromatography,usingsilicagelGasthecoatingsubstanceandbenzene-ethylacetate(19:1)asthemobilephase.,astopperedtesttube:具塞试管standfor：静置residue:残渣referencedrug:对照药材CRS：ChemicalReferenceStandard,13,Applyseparatelytotheplate5lofeachofthethreesolutions.Afterdevelopingandremovaloftheplate,dryitinair.Thespotsinthechromatogramobtainedwiththetestsolutioncorrespondinpositionandcolourtothespotsinthechromatogramobtainedwiththereferencedrugsolution;andthedark-redspotinthechromatogramobtainedwiththetestsolutioncorrespondsinpositionandcolourtothespotinthechromatogramobtainedwiththereferencesolution.,correspondsto:对应于，与一致,14,（3）取1g粉末加5ml石油醚于有塞试管中振摇，静置1小时后过滤。将滤液蒸干。残渣用1ml乙酸乙酯溶解后作为供试品溶液。用同样方法制备丹参对照药材的溶液，作为对照药材溶液。将丹参酮ACRS溶解在乙酸乙酯中制成每ml中含2g丹参酮A溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱方法，用硅胶G作为固定相，苯-乙酸乙酯（19：1）作为展开剂。将3份溶液分别点5l于薄层板上，展开分离后在空气中晾干。供试品溶液的色谱中在对照药材溶液色谱的相应位置上有相同斑点；并且供试品溶液色谱中的深红色斑点在与对照品溶液色谱相应位置上有相同斑点。,15,Pharmacology,(1)Coronaryartery-dilatingeffect:Itcanincreasebloodflowbydilatingcoronaryarteries.(2)Sedativeeffect(3)Antibacterialandantifungaleffects:ItstronglyinhibitsStaphylococcusaureus,andhasadefiniteinhibitoryactiononMycobacteriumtuberculosisandsomedermatophytes.【药理作用】（1）扩张冠状动脉作用：通过扩张冠状动脉可增加血流量。（2）镇静作用（3）抗菌杀菌作用：能强烈抑制金黄色葡萄球菌，并能明显抑制肺结核杆菌和一些皮肤真菌。,16,Action,Topromotebloodcirculationandstimulatemenstrualdischarge,toremovebloodstasisandrelievepain,andtonourishtheheartandtranquilizethemild.【功效】活血调经，祛瘀止痛，养心安神,17,Indication,Menstrualdisorders,amenorrhea,dysmenorrheal,postpartumabdominalpainduetobloodstasis,neurasthenia,anginapectorisincoronaryheartdisease,hepatosplenomegaly,carbunclesanderysipelas.【适应症】月经不调，闭经，痛经，产后血液停滞引起的腹痛，神经衰弱，冠心病心绞痛，肝脾大，痈和丹毒。,18,TanshinoneIIACarryoutthemethodforHighPerformanceLiquidChromatography(AppendixVID).ChromatographicsystemandsystemsuitabilityUseoctadectylsilanebondedsilicagelasthestationaryphaseandamixtureofmethanolandwater(75:25)asthemobilephase.Asdetectoraspectrophotometersetat270nm.Thenumberoftheoreticalplatesofthecolumisnotlessthan2000,calculatedwiththereferencetothepeakofTanshinoneIIA.ReferencesolutionAccuratelyweigh10mgoftanshinoneIIACRStoa50mlambervolumetricflask.Dissolveanddilutewithmethanoltovol