高中英语必修一Unit2整体课件

Unit2ENGLISH,AROUNDTHEWORLD(Period1)LetsdiscovermoreaboutEnglish!,StatueofLiberty,BigBen,warminguppre-reading,HowlonghaveyoulearntEnglish?,Smallsurvey,Guessthenationalflagsofdifferentcountries,andfindoutthelanguagesspokeninthesecountries.,GreatBritain,Australia,Canada,India,Ireland,NewZealand,SouthAfrica,TheU.S.A.,Singapore,Englishspeakingcountries,U.K.,U.S.A.,Canada,Australia,NewZealand,Ireland,Reading,DoalltheEnglishspeakersonlyspeakonekindofEnglish?,FivekindsofEnglishintheworld,CanadianEnglishBritishEnglishAmericanEnglishAustralianEnglishIndianEnglish,BritishEnglishnot;neither;either;,Questions:Withyourpartner,listthecountriesthatuseEnglishasanofficiallanguage.WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners?Lookatthetitleofthefollowingpassageandguesswhatitisabout.Thenreaditquicklyandseeifyouareright.,Pre-reading,Suggestedanswer:1.America,Britain,Canada,Australia,NewZealand,Singapore,Philippines,India2.ForthosethatspeakEnglishastheirfirstlanguagetheUSAorIndiamusthavethelargestnumberofnativespeakersastheyhavethelargestpopulations.ForthosewholearnEnglishastheirfirstforeignlanguageChinamusthavethelargestnumberasithasthelargestpopulation.,TheroadtomodernEnglish,Theroad,ModernEnglish,thedevelopmentofEnglishlanguage,WhatkindofEnglishbeforeModernEnglish?,3.Guessaccordingtothetitle.,Mainideas,Para.1:Para.2:Para.3:Para.4:,MoreandmorepeoplespeakEnglish.,ThefirstsentenceinparagraphTwo.,ThesecondsentenceinparagraphThree.,ThenumberoftheEnglishspeakingpeopleisincreasing.,German,ruled,less,American,Australia,American,TheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,dictionary,government,Singapore,China,Malaysia,India,Shakespeare,SouthAfrica,Unit2Languagepointsforreading,1.attheendof2.nearlyallofthem3.makevoyagesto4.becauseof.5.thaneverbefore6.nativelanguagefirstlanguagemothertongue7.evenif/eventhough8.thesamekindofmunicatewith,在的尽头，在末尾,几乎他们全部都,航海,因为,比以往任何时候都,母语,即使,相同种类的,走近，上来，提出,和交流,11.atfirst12.bedifferentfrom13.bebasedon14.morethan15.atpresent16.beableto17.makeuseof18.anumberof19.thenumberof20.infact,首先，起初,和不同,以为基础,多于，超过,目前，现在,能,利用,许多，大量,的数量,actually事实上，实际上,1.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.nearly与almost用法明辨：(1)在肯定句中,两者可通用Heisalmost/nearly80yearsold.Shefellandalmost/nearlybrokeherneck.Ialmost/nearlyalwaysgotobedateleven.(2)almost可用在一些含否定意义的词前面，如none，nobody，nothing，never，noone等，表示“几乎或简直(没有)”，而nearly不能。Hehasalmostnothingtodotoday.Thereisalmostnoneleft.,（3）只用nearly的场合。a.被very,not,pretty等修饰时。b.和具体数字连用时（nearly常用）。Nearly100studentsattendedthemeeting.Iamverynearlyready.,nearlyoralmost,1他们中间几乎没有一个人有小汽车。_noneofthemhasacar2他们吃晚饭几乎总是喝咖啡。They_alwayshavecoffeeforsupper3这远远不像你所想的那么容易。Itisnot_soeasyasyouthink4几乎没有人出席会议。_nobodyattendedthemeeting5我以前几乎从未看见过她。Ihave_neverseenherbefore,Almost,almostnearly,nearly,Almost,almost,2.because礼物,IcantsparetimebecauseIambusyatpresent.Whatpresentdidyoureceivefromyourparents?,4)vt.赠与,赠给予presentsth.to/withsb,Motherpresentedagifttomejustnow.,8.suchaswasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were,通向现代英语之路16世纪末期大约有5百万到7百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都生活在英国。后来，在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。请看以下例子：英国人贝蒂：“请到我的公寓（flat）里来看看，好吗？”美国人艾米：“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓（apartment）去。”那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公元450年到1150年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年期间，英语不那么像德语了。因为那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。这些新的定居者大大丰富了英语语言，特别是在词汇方面。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在1620年，一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来，到了18世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳大利亚，两个国家的人都开始说英语了。最后，到19世纪，英语才真正定形。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先，塞缪尔约翰逊编写了词典，后来，诺厄韦伯斯特编纂了美国英语词典，后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。现在，英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言来说。比如说，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。在那期间，英语成了官方语言和教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其它国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。目前在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。事实上，中国可能拥有世界上最多的英语学习者。中国英语会发展出自己的特色吗？这只能由时间来回答了。,译文,1.petrol2.voyage3.gradually4.frequently5.identity6.thelatter7.actually8.fluent,A.whoorwhatsb.orsth.isB.awordforgasinBritishEnglishC.notsuddenD.infactE.thesecondoftwothingorpeoplealreadymengtionedF.oftenG.longtripbyseaorinspaceH.abletospeakorwritealanguagewell,B,G,C,F,A,E,D,H,Ex.1:,Ex.2:ItisnoteasyforChinesepersontospeakEnglishasasaEnglishspeaker.OnereasonisthatEnglishhasalarge.ItalsohasdifferentusageindifferentEnglishspeakingcountries.Ifyouuse“flat”insteadof“”,peopleinAmericanwillknowyouhavelearnedBritishEnglish.Ifyouusetheword“”insteadof“lift”inBritain,peoplewillknowyouhavestudiedAmericanEnglish.,fluently,native,vocabulary,apartment,elevator,comeup,suchas,Atpresent,Becauseof,makeuseof,EnglisharoundtheworldUsinglanguage,Unit2,StandardEnglishandDialects,standard标准,规格dialect方言southern南部的midwestern中西部的Spanish西班牙的playapart扮演一个角色eastern东部的northwestern西北方的recognize辨认出,认出,Newwords,1.WhatsthestandardEnglish?whatisthedialect？,ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTVandtheradioisstandardEnglish.,Whenpeopleusedwordsandexpressionsdifferentfromthe“standardlanguage”,itiscalledadialect.,2.Whatplaysapartinmakingdialects.,Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldandgeographyalsoplaysapartinmakingdialects.,1.WhatsstandardEnglish?什么是标准英语?standard(n.)标准,规格(adj.)标准的meetstandard符合标准standardofliving生活水平onastandard根据某一标准,focus,2.Believeitornot,theresnosuchathingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你,世界上没有所谓的标准英语。believeitornot信不信由你Believeitornot,allthepeoplehaveagreedtotheplan.,focus,3.However,evenonTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.然而,甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。theway后面接定语从句时,关系代词用that/inwhich或不用关系代词。Ididitinthewaythat/inwhichyoutaughtme.,focus,Idontlike_youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich,4.AmericaEnglishhasmanydialects,especiallythemidwestern,southern,AfricanAmericanandSpanishdialects.美国英语有很多方言,尤其是在中西部,南部,黑人和西班牙方言。,5.Geographyalsoplaysapartinmakingdialects.地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。playa(adj.)part扮演角色,起作用Sheplayaleadingpartintheplay.,6.AlthoughmanyAmericamovealot,theystillrecognizeeachothersdialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬家,但他们仍然能够辨认彼此的方言。recognize辨认,认出(pickout)recognizesth./sb.assth./sb.把认作Drugswerenotrecognizedasaproblemthen.,UsingLanguage标准英语和方言什么是标准英语？是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰所说的英语吗？信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语，这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们在说话时的差异。当人们用不同于“标准语言”的词语时，那就叫做方言。美国英语有许多方言，特别是中西部和南部地区的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美国有些地区，即使是相邻城镇的两个人所说的语言都可能稍有不同。美国英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为美国人是来自世界各地的缘故。地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人说着比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言随着带去了。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。美国是一个使用多种方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。,译文,CommandandRequest,Grammar,Washtheclothes!,Pleasewashtheclothes!,Wouldyoupleasewashtheclothes?,notpolite,polite,verypolite,Pleasechangethedirectspeechintoindirectspeech,1.Hesaid,“ImgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.HesaidhewasgoingtoBeijingthenextday.2.“Whatalovelygirl!”theysaid.Theysaidshewasalovelygirl.,Testourselves,3.Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”4.“ThisisthecraziestthingIhaveheardofsofar,”shethought.,HeaskedmeifIwasateacher.,Shethoughtthatwasthecraziestthingshehadheardofsofar.,5.MrWangsaid,“IwasborninChinainSeptember,1972.”6.Shesaid,“TheyhadleftwhenIarrivedthere.”,Mr.WangsaidhewasborninChinainSeptember,1972.,Shesaidtheyhadleftwhenshearrivedthere.,7.Shesays,“LiuFangisgoodatEnglish.”ShesaysLiuFangisgoodatEnglish.8.Hesaid,“Theplanetakesoffat6:30am.”Hesaidtheplanetakesoffat6:30am.,9.Hesaid,“Wherethereisawill,theisaway.”10.“Howmuchdoyouthinkitwillcost?”hesaid.,Hesaidwherethereisawill,thereisaway.,HeaskedmehowmuchIthoughtitwouldcost.,Openyourbooks.,Pleaseopenyourbooks.,Canyouopenyourbooksplease?,Could/wouldyoupleaseopenyoubooks?,command,request(polite),request(polite),request(polite),Requestandcommand,Changethecommandsintorequests.,Closethedoor!GetmesomethingtodrinkTakethedogforawalk!Speaklouder!Cleanyourroom.Watchout!Keepsilent!,“Openthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.,(command),Theteachertoldthestudentstoopenthewindow.,ChangeacommandintoanIndirectSpeech.,toldsb.todosth.,“Dontopenthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.,Theteachertoldthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.,toldsb.nottodosth.,(command),ChangeacommandintoanIndirectSpeech.,“Openthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.,(requests),Theteacheraskedthestudentstoopenthewindow.,ChangearequestintoanIndirectSpeech.,ask(ed)sb.todosth.,(requests),“Dontopenthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.,Theteacheraskedthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.,ChangearequestintoanIndirectSpeech.,ask(ed)sb.nottodosth.,Letsdosomeexercises,ChangetherequestsandthecommandsintoIndirectSpeeches,1.“Shutup,”shesaidtohim.2.“Speaklouder,please,”hesaid