B4U1新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第4册Unit1ppt课件

,ReadandExplore,Unit1ManandNature,GetStarted,ListenandRespond,OptionalClassroomActivities,EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness,1.Doyouthinkmanlivesinharmonywithnaturenow?2.Doyouthinkthatmanhasbeendestroyingnature?Couldyougivesomeexamples?3.Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddotopreservenature?,Workinpairsorgroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.,Getstarted-Discussion,Studythefollowingquotesaboutmanandnatureanddiscussinpairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem.,Getstarted-Quotes,Studynature,lovenature,stayclosetonature.Itwillneverfailyou.FrankLloydWright,Interpretation:Asanarchitect,Wrightemphasizestheimportanceoflovingandstudyingnature.Weshouldobservenature,takecareofitandliveinharmonywithit.Andthenwewillneverfeeldisappointedwithit.,Getstarted-Quotes,ClickPicture,Lookdeepintonature,andthenyouwillunderstandeverythingbetter.AlbertEinstein,Interpretation:Asascientist,Einsteinbelievesthataclosestudyofnaturewillhelpusbetterunderstandthings.,Getstarted-Quotes,ClickPicture,Wedonotseenaturewithoureyes,butwithourunderstandingsandourhearts.WilliamHazlitt,Interpretation:Asawriter,Hazlitturgesustoloveandappreciatenatureheartandsoul.,Getstarted-Quotes,ClickPicture,Thehighestpurposeistohavenopurposeatall.Thisputsoneinaccordwithnature,inhermannerofoperation.JohnCage,Interpretation:Mansideallifeistobeintegratedintonature,soweshouldrespectnatureandfollowitslaws.,Getstarted-Quotes,ClickPicture,Watchthefollowingvideoclip“Iftheworldwarmsby6degrees”anddothetasksthatfollow:,video,clickhere,Iftheworldwarmsby6degrees,fromadistancethemayappearbrightblue,buttheyaremarinewastelands.Desertsacrosscontinentslikeconqueringarmies.becomecommonevents.Someoftheworldsgreatcitiesareandabandoned.Iftemperaturessoarby6degreeswithin,weregoingtofacenothinglessthanaglobalwipeout.,flooded,video,Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtowhatyouhearfromthevideoclip.,Video-1,_,march,_,Naturaldisasters,_,oceans,_,lessthanacentury,_,clickhere,Video-2,2.Whatdoyouthinkareotherpossibleconsequencesofawarmerclimate?(Open.),clickhere,marinea.of,near,livingin,orobtainedfromthesea（近）海的；海生（产）的fisheryn.apartoftheseausedforthebusinessofcatchingseafish近海渔场exhaustvt.useupcompletely用完，用尽,ListenandRespondWordBank,endangervt.causedangerto使遭危害，危及excessivea.toomuch;toogreat;goingbeyondwhatisreasonableorright过多的，过分的，过度的starvationn.Usufferingordeathfromlackoffood挨饿，饥饿；饿死,ListenandRespondWordBank,Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.,LHavingroughfootpadsskid-resistantontheice.,Chickadee,Eatingtwiceasmuchfoodinwinterasinsummertoaccumulatealayeroffatthatwillburnslowlythroughthecoldnight;Having30percentmorefeathersinwinterwhichcanbefluffedup,trappingalayerofwarmair;Droppingbodytemperaturesasmuchas20degreesbelowthenormal104,therebyslowingenergyconsumption.,Optional,Woodfrog,Beingfrozensolid,likelumpsoficeinwinter;Thawingoutinthecomingspringbyfloodingitsbloodstreamwithglucose.,Snakes,Inthesamewayaswoodfrogs.,Optional,Activity2:Workingroupsandconductresearchonanyspeciesofwildlifethatyouareinterestedin,focusingonhowtheysurvivewinter.Presentyourfindingstothewholeclass.,UsefulExpressions-A,interactwith,beawareof,compelsb.todosth.,tendto,liveinfearof,beregardedas,hostileto,与互动,意识到，注意到,迫使某人做某事,倾向于,生活在对的恐惧之中,被视为,不利于,UsefulExpressions-A,inthenameof,showsignsof,beconcernedwith,satisfytheneedsof,fromheadtofoot,violatethelawsofnature,以的名义,显示出的迹象,关心,满足的需求,从头到脚；全身,违背自然规律,UsefulExpressions-A,toughitout,bendundertheweightof,streamoutof,spantheglobe,takeadvantageof,upto,苦熬,被压弯,成群结队地离开,长途跋涉,利用,多达，直到,现在分词作状语一、现在分词短语作时间状语：1分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。常用的动词有：hear,see,arrive,return,getto,look,open,close,leave,turnaround,walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。如：Hearingtheirteachersvoice,thepupilsstoppedtalkingatonce.2谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，用when/while+现在分词的一般式，分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。如：Dontbecarelesswhen/whilehavinganexam.3分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动作才发生，则用现在分词的完成式，即havingdone的形式。分词的逻辑主语应是句中的主语。如：Havingfinishedhishomework,theboywasallowedtowatchTVplay.,Grammar,*,*,*,二、现在分词在句中作原因状语1分词短语在句中作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句。当分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般形式。如：Notknowinghowtoworkoutthedifficultphysicsproblem,heaskedtheteacherforhelp.2分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前时，可以用现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语。如：Havinglivedwiththegirlfor5years,weallknowherverywell.,Grammar,*,*,三、现在分词短语在句中作条件状语现在分词短语在句中作条件状语时，其逻辑主语为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。如：Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothepark.四、现在分词短语在句中作让步状语现在分词短语在句中作让步状语时，其逻辑主语是句中的主语，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可以带有连接词although,whether,evenif,eventhough。如：Weighingalmostonehundredjin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.,Grammar,*,*,五、现在分词短语在句中作结果状语现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，相当于一个结果状语从句，其逻辑主语是句中的主语。分词短语在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。如：Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.六、分词短语在句中表示方式或伴随情况现在分词短语可表示方式或伴随情况，用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是句中的主语，谓语动词作为主要动作，而现在分词表示一个陪衬动作。如：Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.,Grammar,*,*,Grammar,Now,pleasedothetasksonPages23-24inyourtextbook.,writing,Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordsonthetopic“MyUnderstandingofEnvironmentalProtection”.Yourwritingshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:therelationshipbetweenmanandtheenvironmenttheurgencyofenvironmentalprotectionwaystoprotecttheenvironment,writing,SampleWriting,MyUnderstandingofEnvironmentalProtectionManandtheenvironmentarecloselyrelated.Manreliesontheenvironmentforwater,foodandshelter.Aharmoniousrelationshipbetweenmanandtheenvironmentisessentialforhumansurvivalontheearth.However,manandtheenvironmenthaveneverbeenonsuchbadtermsastheyarenow.Associetydevelops,manstransformationofnaturehasseverelypollutedhislivingenvironment.Deforestationleadstochangesinrainfallpatterns,causingdevastatingfloods,droughtsand,writing,SampleWriting,sandstorms.Thedischargeofchemicalpollutantsendangersourhealthandthelivesofotherbeings.Andmassproductionhasresultedintheshortageofirreplaceablenaturalresourcessuchascoalandoil.Ifwetakenoimmediateandeffectivestepstoprotectourenvironment,humanbeingsmaybethenextspeciestobecomeextinct.Weshoulddoourbesttoprotectourenvironmentbyplantingmoretrees,takingcareofwildlife,reducingindustrialwastes,usingrenewableenergy,andimposingheavyfinesonenvironmentally-unfriendlyactivities,soastopreservetheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.(167words),ThankYou!,Apossibleanswer:No.Thepresentrelationshipbetweenmanandnatureisnotasharmoniousasbefore.Withthepopulationexplosionandthedevelopmentoftheeconomy,seriousdamagehasbeendonetonature.Allthishasresultedinsuchproblemsasglobalwarming,soilerosion,shortageoffreshwater,droughtsandsandstorms.Humanbeingsnolongerliveinharmonywithnature.,KeytoGetStarted(1),ReferenceKey:,KeytoGetStarted,Apossibleanswer:Yes.Forexample,manhascutdownhalfofthetreesthatexisted10,000yearsago.Thelossoftreeshasupsettheecosystemandresultedintheextinctionofmanyspecies.Consequently,naturehaslostitsbalance.Anotherexampleisthatmanhasbeenburningtoomuchfossilfuelfordailyuseandindustrialproduction,whichhascausedheavypollutiontoourenvironment.,KeytoGetStarted(2),ReferenceKey:,KeytoGetStarted,Apossibleanswer:Firstly,weshouldntdevelopoureconomyattheexpenseofnature.Secondly,weshouldtakeaslittleaspossiblefromnatureandputbackintoitasmuchaswecan.Thirdly,weshouldformthehabitofsavingnaturalresources.Weshouldbeawarethatnaturalresourcesarenotinexhaustible.Whenwereachthepointofnoreturn,therewillbenothingleftforfuturegenerations.,KeytoGetStarted(3),ReferenceKey:,KeytoGetStarted,AboutFrankLloydWright(1867-1959):anAmericanarchitectandwriter.HewasthemostcreativegeniusofAmericanarchitecture.,AuthorsoftheQuotes(1),KeytoQuotes,AboutAlbertEinstein(1879-1955):USphysicistandmathematician,borninGermany,whodevelopedtheTheoryofRelativity,whichcompletelychangedthewaythatscientistsunderstandspaceandtime.,AuthorsoftheQuotes(2),KeytoQuotes,AboutWilliamHazlitt(1778-1830):aBritishwriterandcritic,knownforhisessaysonmanysubjects,especiallyliterature.Hisbest-knowncollectionofessaysisentitledTableTalk(席间闲谈).,AuthorsoftheQuotes(3),KeytoQuotes,AboutJohnCage(1912-1992):aUScomposerandpianist.In1951,heorganizedagroupofmusiciansandengineerstomakethefirstmusiconmagnetictape.,AuthorsoftheQuotes(4),KeytoQuotes,Iftheworldwarmsby6degrees,fromadistancetheoceansmayappearbrightblue,buttheyaremarinewastelands.Desertsmarchacrosscontinentslikeconqueringarmies.Naturaldisastersbecomecommonevents.Someoftheworldsgreatcitiesarefloodedandabandoned.Thiscouldbeourworldplus6degrees.“Warmingsof6degreesoverlongertimeperiodshavebeenassociatedwithsomeofthemostdevastatingmassextinctionswhichhaveevertakenplace,soitscertainlyfairtoassumethatiftemperaturessoarby6degreeswithinlessthanacentury,thenweregoingtofacenothinglessthanaglobalwipeout.”,ScriptforWatchingandDiscussion(1),ScriptforWatchingandDiscussion(1),6degreesofwarminghasbeencalledtheDoomsdayscenario.Ourliveswouldneverbethesameagain.,ScriptforWatchingandDiscussion(2),ScriptforWatchingandDiscussion(2),TheImportanceofProtectingSeaResourcesDuringthe19thcentury,peopleinEuropeandAmericaclaimedthatmarineresourceswereunlimited.Forexample,anotedbiologistatthetimecommentedthatnoneoftheworldsgreatseafisherieswereevergoingtobeexhausted.Todaythough,thereisevidenceshowingthatmarineresourcesareasseriouslyendangeredasthoseofthelandandtheair.Infact,insomewaysthethreatstofisharemorealarmingthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds.Thisisbecausefishisamuchneededfoodresource,aspeoplethroughouttheworlddependonfishasanimportantpartoftheirdiet.Itisreportedthattosatisfyfooddemands,20billionpoundsoffishareharvested,ScriptforListenandRespond(1),ScriptforListenandRespond,everyyearintheNorthAtlanticalone.Searesourcesarealsorapidlydeclininginmanyotherpartsoftheworld.Scientistsnowbelievethatfoodsuppliesfromtheseawontlastforever.Theywarnthatexcessivefishingwilldestroyfishreserveswithinthenextfewyears.Theyalsowarnthatthedeclineinfishsupplywillcausestarvationinsomepartsoftheworld.,ScriptforListenandRespond(2),ScriptforListenandRespond,1.Doesmantendtobecomelessdependentonnaturewiththerapiddevelopmentofsociety?Whyorwhynot?,No.Associetydevelops,mantendstobecomelessdependentonnaturedirectly,whileindirectlyhisdependencegrows.Forinstance,inthisindustrialsociety,itappearsthatmanisrelyinglessonnatureforitsnaturalgiftssincehecanproducewhatheneedswiththehelpofmoderntechnology.However,manstillhastotakerawmaterialsfromnatureforproductionand,infact,dependsonnaturemorethaneverforsuchirreplaceableresourcesascoal,oil,andsoon.,Keytodiscoveringthemainideas(Ex.1.1),Keytodiscoveringthemainideas,2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthepresentrelationshipbetweenmanandnature?,Accordingtotheauthor,thepresentrelationshipbetweenmanandnatureisnotasharmoniousasbefore,asthepreviousdynamicbalancebetweenmanandnatureandbetweennatureandsocietyasawholehasshownominoussignsofbreakingdown.Itisincreasinglydifficulttoobtainirreplaceablenaturalresourcesfortheneedsofproductionandtoeliminateindustrialwaste.,Keytodiscoveringthemainideas(Ex.1.2),Keytodiscoveringthemainideas,3.Whatsthedistinctfeatureofmoderntechnologyaccordingtothepassage?,Thedistinctfeatureofmoderntechnologyistheincreasingabundanceofproducedandusedsyntheticgoods.Withmoderntechnology,manhasproducedandconsumedmoresyntheticgoodsthanheneeds,whichhasseverelypollutednature.,Keytodiscoveringthemainideas(Ex.1.3),Keytodiscoveringthemainideas,4.Whatsthesolutiontotheecologicalcrisisaccordingtotheauthor?,Accordingtotheauthor,thesolutionliesinrationalandwiseorganizationofbothproductionitselfandcareforMotherNaturebyallhumanity.Oneofthewaystodealwiththecrisisistousenaturalresourcessuchassolarenergyandthepowerofwinds.,Keytodiscoveringthemainideas(Ex.1.4),Keytodiscoveringthemainideas,5.Whatstheauthorsattitudetowardsthehumantransformationofnature?,Theauthortakesanegativeattitudetowardshumantransformationofnature.Accordingtothepassage,manstransformationhasbroughtaboutfataldestructiontonature.Natureisbeingexhaustedinresources,contaminatedbysyntheticproducts,andtroubledbyecologicalimbalance.,Keytodiscoveringthemainideas(Ex.1.5),Keytodiscoveringthemainideas,KeyWordsforTextAcompel,compelvt.make(apersonorthing)dosth.byforce,moralpersuasion,orordersthatmustbeobeyed强迫；强求；强使,IfeelcompelledtowriteandtellyouhowmuchIenjoyedyourbook.,Leoniesmotherwascompelledtotakeinwashingtohelpsupportherfamily.,利奥妮的妈妈被迫在家替人洗衣服，以贴补家用。,KeyWordsforTextAtransfer,transfervt.(from,to)movefromoneplace,job,position,etc.,toanother常与from或to连用转移；调动,HowcanItransfermoneyfrommybankaccounttohis?,AntonwasabletotransferfromLavinestoanAmericancompany.,安东成功地从拉文调到了一家美国公司。,CF:move,shift,transfer,remove这些动词均可表示“从一处移往另一处”之意。move指从一处到另一处的任何距离的转移。例如：Atrafficwardenaskedhimtomovehiscar.shift侧重位置与方向的改变。例如：Theentirepileshiftedandslid,thumpingontothefloor.transfer一般表示转送、移交或迁移，尤指交通运输中的换乘或职务的调动等。例如：HelikestotransferfromthebustotheBlueLineat103rdStreetinWatts.Iwastransferredtothebookdepartment.,KeyWordsforTextAtransfer,KeyWordsforTextAtransfer,remove作“移动”解时，与move可换用，还可指撤职或开除学藉等。例如：Assoonasthecakeisdone,removeitfromtheoven.Thepresidentcouldonlyberemovedfrompoweroncefreeelectionswereorganised.,KeyWordsforTextAtransfer,KeyWordsforTextAtransfer,KeyWordsforTextAliveinfearof,liveinfearofbealwaysafraidofsth./sb.orthatsth.badwillhappen终日为而担心，提心吊胆,Atthattimetheylivedinfearofbeingarrestedbythesecretpolice.,Onein10Californiansisunemployedandthousandsmoreliveinfearoflosingtheirjobs.,十分之一的加利福尼亚人没有工作，还有数以千计的人成天提心吊胆地害怕失去工作。,KeyWordsforTextAretreat,retreatvi.(from,to)movebackorleaveacenteroffightingorotheractivity,esp.whenforcedtodoso常与from或to连用（尤指被迫地）撤退，退却,Itwassohotoutsidethatevendogswouldretreatintotheshade.,Frombouncingconfidenceshehadretreatedintoself-pity.,她从信心百倍变得自怜自哀。,KeyWordsforTextAcutdown,cutdownbringdownbycutting砍倒,Georgewastryingtocutdownatreewithanaxewhenhewascaughtbythepolice.,Itwasdifficulttocutthetreedownwithaknife.,用一把刀很难把这棵树砍倒。,KeyWordsforTextAshowsignsof/showeverysignof,showsignsof/showeverysignofshowthatsth.ishappeningorthatsth.istrueorexists显示的征兆,Afteryearsofdecline,agricultureisshowingsignsofimprovement.,HoratioandHamletsawthekingshoweverysignoffearandanger.,荷瑞修和哈姆雷特看到国王显露出种种害怕、愤怒的迹象。,KeyWordsforTextAtechnology,technologyn.C;U(abranchof)knowledgedealingwithscientificandindustrialmethodsandtheirpracticaluseinindustry;practicalscience（一门）科技；工艺学；工业技术；应用科学,Weemployedanexperttoadviseusonnewtechnologyintheautomobileindustry.,Worldwide,anenormousamountofresearcheffortgoesintomilitarytechnology.,在世界范围内，大量的研究精力都被投入到军事技术上。,KeyWordsforTextAfromheadtofoot,fromheadtofootoverthewholelengthofonesbody从头到脚；全身,Theyareprotectedfromheadtofootwithfacemasks,capsandwhitegowns.,Apassinglorrycoveredusinmudfromheadtofoot.,一辆经过的卡车溅了我们一身泥。,KeyWordsforTextAoutput,outputn.C;Uquantityofgoods,duced(byamachine,worker,etc.)（机器、工人等的）产量,Thecarfactoryhopestoincreaseitsoutputby30%nextyear.,Governmentstatisticsshowthelargestdropinindustrialoutputfortenyears.,政府统计数据显示这是10年来工业产量最大幅度的滑坡。,KeyWordsforTextAcycle,cyclen.anumberofrelatedeventshappeninginaregularlyrepeatedorder循环，周而复始,Thereseemstobeanendlesscycleofviolenceinthistroubledpartoftheworld.,Thefiguresmarkedthefinallowpointofthepresenteconomiccycle.,这些数据显示了目前经济周期的最低点。,KeyWordsforTextAdestruction,destructionn.Utheactofdestroyingorstateofbeingdestroyed破坏；毁灭；消灭；灭亡,Theenemybombscausedwidespreaddestructiontothecity.,Somescientificdiscoverieshavebeenpervertedtocreateweaponsofdestruction.,某些科学发明被滥用来生产毁灭性武器。,KeyWordsforTextAasyet,asyetfmlwithnegativesuntilnow正式与否定式连用到目前为止（还没有），至今（仍不）,Theextractistakenfromanasyetunpublishednovel.,Wehavenotasyetreceivedaresponse.,我们还没收到回复。,KeyWordsforTextAthreaten,threatenvt.beadangerorthreatto;seemlikely(toharm,spoil,ruin,etc.)威胁到，危及,Ourrainforestsarebeingthreatenedwithdestruction,andtheconsequenceswillbesevere.,Theunityofoursocietyisthreatenedbytroublesomeandrestlessminorities.,我们社会的团结遭到了一小撮滋扰生事、不安分守己的群体的威胁。,KeyWordsforTextAeternal,eternala.lastingforever;withoutbeginningorend永远的；永恒的,Thepossibilityofeternallifeisaprincipalbeliefofmanyreligions.,Honestyanddiligenceshouldbeyoureternalmates.(BenjaminFranklin),诚实与勤勉，应该成为你永久的伙伴。（本杰明富兰克林）,DifficultSentencesforTA,Weareconnectedwithnatureby“blood”tiesandwecannotliveoutsidenature.(Para.1),Pleaseparaphrasethissentence.,Natureisthemothertomankind.Shenurturesmankindwithherrichresources.Withoutnature,mancouldnotsurviveatall.,我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。,98,DifficultSentencesforTAweareconnected,PleasetranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,DifficultSentencesforTA,Naturewasalsochangedthroughinteractionwithman.(Para.3),Pleaseparaphrasethissentence.,Asaresultofmanstransformation,naturehaschangedgeographically.Humanactivitiessuchascuttingdownforests,removingmountainsandfillingupseasandlakeshaveresultedinthegeographicalchangesofnature.,在与人类的相互作用中，大自然也发生了改变。,99,DifficultSentencesforTANaturewasalso,PleasetranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,DifficultSentencesforTA,ItssolutionliesinrationalandwiseorganizationofbothproductionitselfandcareforMotherNature,notjustbyindividuals,enterprisesorcountries,butbyallhumanity.(Para.8),Whatistheimpliedmeaningoftheitalicizedpartofthesentence?,Tosolvetheglobalecologicalproblem,wemustplanourproductionactivitiesinarationalandsensiblemannersoastoensurethateconomicdevelopmentiscoordinatedwithenvironmentalprotection.,这一问题的解决之道在于理性而明智地协调生产和对大自然的关爱之间的关系，这不仅要依靠个人、企业或者某些国家的力量，而且要依靠全人类的力量。,100,DifficultSentencesforTAItssolution,PleasetranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,DifficultSentencesforTA,HowaptthenarethewordsofancientOrientalwisdom:liveclosertonature,myfriends,anditseternallawswillprotectyou!(Para.9),Whatistheimpliedmeaningoftheitalicizedpartofthesentence?,Ifweliveinharmonywithnatureandobeyitslaws,wecanalwaysrelyonitforsurvival.,古代东方智者的话讲得真是恰如其分：朋友们，亲近大自然，大自然就会用那永恒不变的规律永远呵护你！,101,DifficultSentencesforTAHowapt,PleasetranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,Q2:Whatdoestheauthorimplybythephrase“bloodties”inthelastsentenceofParagraph1?,Q1:CanyoufindaproperChineseidiomtoindicatetheidealizedrelationshipbetweenmanandnature?,A2:“Bloodties”usuallyrefertotherelationshipamongfamilymembers.Byusingthisphrase,theauthorimpliesthattheconnectionbetweenmanandnatureisasinseparableasthatoffamilymembers.,A1:Awell-knownexampleis“天人合一”,whichmeans“h