外文翻译--PLC的应用.doc

ApplicationofPLCPLCisonekindspeciallyforthedigitaloperationoperationelectronicinstallationwhichappliesundertheindustryenvironmentdesigns.Itusesmaythecodingmemory,usesforinitsinternalmemoryoperationandsoonactuatinglogicoperation,sequenceoperation,time,countingandarithmeticoperationinstructions,andcanthroughdigitalorthesimulation-likeinputandtheoutput,controlseachtypethemachineryortheproductionprocess.PLCandtherelatedauxiliaryequipmentshouldaccordingtoformawholeeasywiththeindustrialcontrolsystem,easytoexpanditsfunctiontheprincipletodesign.”Inthe1970sthelaststage,theprogrammablecontrollerenteredthepracticalapplicationdevelopmentphase,thecomputertechnologyhasintroducedincomprehensivelytheprogrammablecontroller,causesitsfunctiontohavetheleap.Thehigheroperatingspeed,thesubminiaturevolume,themorereliableindustryantijammingdesign,thesimulationquantityoperation,thePIDfunctionandtheextremelyhighperformance-to-priceratiohasestablisheditinthemodernindustrystatus.Intheearly-1980s,theprogrammablecontrollerhasobtainedthewidespreadapplicationintheadvancedindustrialnation.Thistimeprogrammablecontrollerdevelopsthecharacteristicislarge-scale,thehighvelocity,thehighperformance,theproductseriation.Thisstagesanothercharacteristicisintheworldproducestheprogrammablecontrollerscountrytoincreasedaybyday,theoutputrisesdaybyday.Thissymbolizesthattheprogrammablecontrollermarchedintothematurestage.The20thcenturylaststage,theprogrammablecontrollersdevelopmentcharacteristicwasevenmoreadaptsinthemodernindustryneed.Fromthecontrolscale,thistimehasdevelopedthelarge-scalemachineryandsubminiaturemachine；Fromthecontrol,wasbornvariousspecialfunctionunit,usedinthepressure,thetemperature,therotationalspeed,thedisplacementandsoonallkindsofcontrolsituation；Fromproductnecessaryability,hasproducedeachkindofman-machinecontactsurfaceunit,thecorrespondenceunit,causedtoapplytheprogrammablecontrollersindustrialcontrolequipmentnecessarytobeeasier.Atpresent,theprogrammablecontrollerindomainandsoonmachinemanufacture,petroleumchemicalindustry,metallurgysteelandiron,automobile,lightindustryapplicationsobtainedtheconsiderabledevelopment.Ourcountryprogrammablecontrollersintroduction,applies,thedevelopment,theproductiontofollowthereformandopenpolicytostart.Atfirsthasusedtheprogrammablecontrollermassivelyintheintroductionequipment.ThenexpandedthePLCapplicationunceasinglyineachkindofenterprisesproductionequipmentandtheproduct.Atpresent,ourcountryhavebeenpossibletoproducethemiddleandsmallscaleprogrammablecontroller.EastShanghaitheroomelectricityLimitedcompanyproducestheCFseries,HangzhouenginebedelectricalequipmentfactoryproductionsDKKandDseries,DalianAggregatemachine-toolResearchinstituteproducesSseries,theSuzhouElectronicaccountingmachineFactoryproductionsYZseriesandsoonmanykindsofproductshavehadcertainscaleandhaveobtainedtheapplicationinthemanufacturedproducts.Inaddition,thenon-flowersoftinlightcompany,Chinese-foreignjointventuresandsoonShanghaiTownshipIslandCompanyarealsoourcountryquitefamousPLCManufacturers.Mayanticipatethatalongwithourcountrymodernizationprocesssthorough,PLCwillhavethebroaderapplicationworldinourcountry.UsesthemanualoperationinviewoftheYNLdrawdiemachineelectriccontrolsystem,theexistenceoperationiscomplex,theoperationrequestshigh,needsspeciallyshortcomingsandsoonoperators,hasdesignedPLCthecontrolsystem.Hasgiventheelectricalmachinerymainreturnroute,thePLCperipherywiringdiagram；Hasestablishedthesystemsoperationtrapezoidalchartandtheinstructionlist；Andtothissystemkeyelementshaping.Aftertheimprovementcontrolsystemhasrealizedtheentiresystemboardprocessautomation,notonlyraisedtheproductionefficiency,butalsohassavedthelaborforce,reducedtheproductioncost,mayobtainagreatereconomicefficiency.PLC的应用PLC是一种专门为在工业环境下应用而设计的数字运算操作的电子装置。它采用可以编制程序的存储器，用来在其内部存储执行逻辑运算、顺序运算、计时、计数和算术运算等操作的指令，并能通过数字式或模拟式的输入和输出，控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。PLC及其有关的外围设备都应该按易于与工业控制系统形成一个整体，易于扩展其功能的原则而设计。”20世纪70年代中末期，可编程控制器进入实用化发展阶段，计算机技术已全面引入可编程控制器中，使其功能发生了飞跃。更高的运算速度、超小型体积、更可靠的工业抗干扰设计、模拟量运算、PID功能及极高的性价比奠定了它在现代工业中的地位。20世纪80年代初，可编程控制器在先进工业国家中已获得广泛应用。这个时期可编程控制器发展的特点是大规模、高速度、高性能、产品系列化。这个阶段的另一个特点是世界上生产可编程控制器的国家日益增多，产量日益上升。这标志着可编程控制器已步入成熟阶段。20世纪末期，可编程控制器的发展特点是更加适应于现代工业的需要。从控制规模上来说，这个时期发展了大型机和超小型机；从控制能力上来说，诞生了各种各样的特殊功能单元，用于压力、温度、转速、位移等各式各样的控制场合；从产品的配套能力来说，生产了各种人机界面单元、通信单元，使应用可编程控制器的工业控制设备的配套更加容易。目前，可编程控制器在机械制造、石油化工、冶金钢铁、汽车、轻工业等领域的应用都得到了长足的发展。我国可编程控制器的引进、应用、研制、生产是伴随着改革开放开始的。最初是在引进设备中大量使用了可编程控制器。接下来在各种企业的生产设备及产品中不断扩大了PLC的应用。目前，我国自己已可以生产中小型可编程控制器。上海东屋电气有限公司生产的CF系列、杭州机床电器厂生产的DKK及D系列、大连组合机床研究所生产的S系列、苏州电子计算机厂生产的YZ系列等多种产品已具备了一定的规模并在工业产品中获得了应用。此